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U.S.D.1812

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Tennessee, Williamson County, Franklin
This Monument memorializes War of 1812 soldiers buried along the Old Natchez Trace, and it honors the service of all brave volunteers who marched on the Natchez Trace during the War of 1812 to help establish American Independence.

The Natchez Trace served as an important route to move troops for the defense of the Gulf Coast Region. Tennessee Volunteer Cavalry under leadership of Andrew Jackson marched down the Natchez Trace to Natchez in January 1813. Gen. Jackson marched with his soldiers on their return April 1813. Soldier detachments under Jackson's command again marched on the Natchez Trace in 1814, and following the victory at the Battle of New Orleans, most of the Americans who fought the battle returned on the Trace. Volunteers marched hundreds of miles often in severe weather with little food and inadequate equipment. Natchez Trace inns served as hospitals, soldiers who did not survive the marches are buried in unmarked graves along the Trace. On Gen. Jackson's return near this point. He proclaimed his view of the significance of the victory earned by the soldiers sacrifices. "Our rights will henceforth be respected."

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

BMI

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Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville
BMI (Broadcast Music, Inc.), an organization that collects performance royalties for songwriters and music publishers in all genres of music, opened its doors in New York in 1940. BMI was the first performance rights organization to represent what was then commonly referred to as rural and race music in the forms of country, gospel, blues, and jazz. In 1958, BMI established a permanent Nashville office and hired Frances William Preston as manager. BMI constructed the first wing of this building in 1964 and expanded it in 1995. This office represents songwriters and music publishers in Memphis, Atlanta, New Orleans, Muscle Shoals and Austin, and played a key role in developing Nashville as Music City, U.S.A.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Scott Mansion

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Tennessee, Monroe County, Tellico Plains
Born in Johnson County, Tennessee, Charles A. Scott came to Tellico Plains ca. 1890 and was actively involved in its development. During his life, he sold off or donated vast amounts of his 15,000 acre holdings to expand the town. He recruited the Stokely Company and financed local schools. Scott’s progressive experimentation with lime fertilizer, crops and breeds of cattle influenced regional farming techniques. His Neo-Classical Revival mansion was erected from 1908-1912.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chief Truckee

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California, Nevada County, Truckee

The legendary Paiute leader; friend and guide; breveted a “Captain” by John C. Fremont; gave his name to this valley, river and town: died near Payton, Nevada, in 1860.

(Exploration • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sequoyah

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Tennessee, Monroe County, Vonore
About 1½ mi. E., in the town of Tuskegee, this son of Nathaniel Gist, an emissary to the Cherokee from George Washington, and Wurteh, daughter of a chief, was born about 1770. He designed the alphabet of 85 characters, still in use in the Cherokee Nation; he was also an accomplished silversmith and mechanic.

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Death of the California Grizzly

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California, Orange County, Silverado
The Santa Ana Mountains, which encompass the canyons of Silverado, Modjeska and Trabuco, provided one of the last refuges for the state symbol, the Grizzly Bear.

At the turn of the century, beekeeping was an important local industry, providing not only product but also pollination service for area crops. Starting in 1903, it became evident that the marauding habits of at least one bear were disturbing the hives. With their livelihood threatened, the county game warden, Ed Adkinson, a beekeeper himself, organized a hunting party to track down the suspect. On January 5th 1908, their dogs picked up the scent of a bear, and so began a 5 mile chase through the mountains, eventually catching up to the Grizzly in a small canyon near Trabuco Canyon. Although the bear fought desperately to escape, the dogs and hunters prevailed. Finally, three shots from warden Adkinson ended a lineage dating back to a time preceding even the earliest native peoples of the Southwest. The bear was originally mistaken for a Black Bear and for a time was displayed in a shoe store in Santa Ana. Later the remains were shipped to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. for study and preservation. Regrettably, the Institution eventually lost track of the specimen and the last example of her breed was lost to history.

(Animals • Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cherokee Villages

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Tennessee, Monroe County, Vonore
Along the south side of the Little Tennessee River for about thirteen miles were ten villages of the Overhill Cherokees. They were Mialaque, Tuskegee, Tomotley, Toquo, Tennessee, Chota, Citico, Halfway Town, Chilhowee, Talassee. White encroachments began upon this site in the 1790’s.

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Crawford Vaughan

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Tennessee, Monroe County, Madisonville
Born in a house which stood here. Captain in the 5th Tenn. Inf., Mexican War; organizer and first commander of the 3rd Tenn. Inf., CSA, whose first action was the first Battle of Manassas. Promoted brigadier general, he was captured at Vicksburg July 4, 1863; on exchange commanded the cavalry brigade which in 1865 escorted President Jefferson Davis on his flight from Richmond. Speaker of the Tennessee Senate in 1871. He died near Thomasville, Ga., and is buried there.

(Politics • War, Mexican-American • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Salem Church

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Michigan, Washtenaw County, Manchester
The Reverend Edward Weiss, a Washtenaw County circuit rider, organized an Evangelical class of fifteen members in 1874. They met in a school located two miles east of here. Two years later, trustees Herman Gieske, Lambert Gieske and Bernhardt Kuhl, on behalf of the Evangelical Association of North America, bought land from the Rowe family in the area known as Rowes Corners. Church members hauled brick and lumber to the site. Salem Church was dedicated in November 1876. The vernacular Gothic Revival church is similar to others built in the Midwest by nineteenth-century German congregations. Stained-glass windows were installed in the early twentieth century. The denomination merged with the United Brethren Church in 1946 and with the Methodist Church in 1968. That year this church was renamed Sharon United Methodist Church.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Delhi Bridge

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Michigan, Washtenaw County, near Dexter
(side 1)
The Delhi Bridge was one of many Pratt through truss iron bridges built to order by the Wrought Iron Bridge Company of Canton, Ohio, between 1876 and 1899 to span the Huron River. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. Once common in Michigan, few bridges of this type survived into the twenty-first century. Built to serve the thriving agricultural village of Delhi Mills, it replaced earlier wooden foot and wagon bridges that crossed the river at a traditional ford. In the 1870s Delhi Mills was home to two flouring mills, a saw and woolen mill, a plaster mill, a train depot, a grocery store and a school. As electricity supplanted water power in the early twentieth century, many mill towns fell into decline, including Delhi Mills.

(side 2)
On June 6, 1917, a powerful tornado swept through Washtenaw County, severely damaging Delhi Mills and the Delhi Bridge. The Washtenaw County Red Cross was created that summer to aid the victims of the tornado. Torn from its abutments, the bridge was tossed into the river below. According to local tradition, Edward Outwater and Eli Gallup used a team of horses to salvage the bridge. The bridge reopened the following year. The bridge was closed between 2005 and 2009 and then rehabilitated in response to the efforts of the East Delhi Bridge Conservancy. The work maintained the bridges original one-lane design and retained its classic Pratt through truss plan, ensuring its continued viability and preserving its aesthetics.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cook Homestead

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Minnesota, Becker County, Audubon
This plot marks the site of the home of John Cook, pioneer settler, who with his wife Diantha J., and children Freddie W., Mary E., and John W., were murdered by Indians April 26, 1872.

(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

French Trading Post

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Texas, Jefferson County, Beaumont
Built 1845 by John J. French (1799-1889), merchant and tanner who came from Connecticut and New York to Texas in 1830s. Served as home and store, with tannery nearby. Early settlers came to “French Town” to trade tallow, hides, corn, and beef for shoes, harnesses, tanned skins, salt, coffee, tea, cloth, and everyday items. Home remained in French family for 95 years (until 1940). French Road, French schools in area still bear family name. Purchased by Beaumont Junior League, 1968; given to Beaumont Heritage Society. Restored to its 1845 appearance in 1969.
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark — 1970

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chambers County Youth Project Show

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Texas, Chambers County, near Anahuac
On July 30, 1955, members of the East and West Chambers County Farm Bureaus and their families held a picnic in Fort Anahuac Park (4 mi. S) which included a variety of youth events and games. The success of the picnic resulted in a sense of unity, fellowship, and goodwill among county residents geographically separated by the Trinity River. Influenced by events such as the Farm Bureau picnic, and aware of the need for unity within the county, leaders of various youth, government, and civic organizations began plans for an annual youth show.

Under the direction of the Farm Bureau and the Commissioners Court, the Chambers County Youth Project show was organized as a noncommercial endeavor to involve area young people and to promote their talents and skills. The first show was held in 1956 at Fort Anahuac Park. Later, facilities were built at this site on land acquired with the cooperation of the J. T. White family and through donations from the Modesto White family and the Clifford White family. The Chambers County Youth Project Show, held here since 1968, has become a major annual event, involving a variety of county youth groups.

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Turtle Bayou Resolutions

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Texas, Chambers County, near Anahuac
Near site of the signing of
Turtle Bay Resolutions

Drafted and signed at Turtle Bayou on June 13, 1832; this first formal protest of Texas colonists against Mexican tyranny formed an early step in events that led eventually to the Texas Revolution of 1836.

The settlers were protesting recent restrictive laws of Mexico designed to limit immigration and trade between the United States and Texas, passed because Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.

In particular, citizens of Anahuac were enraged by unreasonable acts of Col. Juan Davis Bradburn, a local agent of the Mexican government. Alarm spread after Bradburn unjustly imprisoned several Texans, one of whom was William B. Travis, later Alamo hero.

Fighting broke out on June 9 and 12, 1832, between citizens and Bradburn's militia. Following this, the Texans met at Turtle Bayou to plan future action. Here they drew up resolutions censuring violations of Mexico's constitution by President Bustamante, encouraging resistance to his regime, and inviting all Texans to uphold the cause of civil liberty.

Signers of the document, most of whom later served with valor in the 1836 Revolution and in the Texas Republic, were John Austin, W. H. Jack, Hugh B. Johnson, Luke Lesassier, Wylie Martin, and R. M. Williamson.

(War, Texas Independence) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lewis and Clark in Illinois

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Illinois, Gallatin County, Old Shawneetown
In the fall of 1803, Captain Meriwether Lewis and William Clark passed this place with about twenty men on their way westward. At the confluence of the Wabash and Ohio Rivers, they first reached territory that is now the State of Illinois. They then turned their boats south on the Ohio toward Fort Massac.

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Marshall House

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Illinois, Gallatin County, Old Shawneetown
This was the original site of the home of John Marshall, one of the founders and president of the Bank of Illinois, the first bank chartered by the Illinois Territorial Legislature. The charter was issued in 1816. The bank opened at Shawneetown in 1817, suspended operations in the mid-1820's, and reopened from 1834 to 1842. Marshall was active in business and politics. In 1818 he was elected a legislator from Gallatin County to the first Illinois General Assembly. He died in 1858.

(Industry & Commerce • Politics) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Illinois in the American Revolution

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Illinois, Massac County, Metropolis
George Rogers Clark arrived at Fort Massac on June 30, 1778, with about 175 men, under orders from Virginia to capture the British outposts in Illinois. British failure to regarrison the old French fort here enabled Clark to enter the Illinois country without opposition. The British at Kaskaskia expected an attack from the Mississippi River. By marching overland Clark surprised them. He arrived at Kaskaskia on the night of July 4-5, and quickly secured the fort without resistance.

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Log Cabin

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California, Nevada County, Truckee
Erected by Joseph Gray at S.W. corner of present day Bridge and Spring Streets to serve Dutch Flat Wagon Road traffic over Donner Pass.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Simpsonville Cotton Mill / Woodside Mill

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South Carolina, Greenville County, Simpsonville
Simpsonville Cotton Mill This mill, opened in 1908, was built after several leading men of Simpsonville asked Edward F. Woodside of the Pelzer Manufacturing Co. to help them establish a textile mill. The Simpsonville Cotton Mill, with Woodside as president and his brother John T. as secretary, opened with 8,000 spindles and 200 looms, making several kinds of cotton cloth. By 1911 it boasted 25,000 spindles and 600 looms.

Woodside MillIn 1911 this mill was merged with Fountain Inn Cotton Mill and Woodside Cotton Mill in Greenville to create Woodside Cotton Mills. This branch was Simpsonville's largest employer until after World War II, with as many as 650 employees in the 1950s and 1960s. The mill village, with four streets of mill houses, included a company store, recreation building, and baseball field. The Woodside Gym, built in 1947, is now part of the Simpsonville Senior Center.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sierra Mountain Cemetery

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California, Nevada County, Truckee
The Masonic and Odd Fellows Lodges each established cemeteries here in 1869 or 1870 to provide a burial place for their deceased. Catholics established a cemetery to the Southwest. Pioneers and prominent citizens within the original fenced cemetery grounds. The less reputable were buried outside the fences. Stories abound of the bodies placed in snowbanks or ice houses awaiting the ground thaw. The Truckee Cemetery District was formed in 1946 and received title to the land and named the cemetery in 1964. In 1954 the original site increased in size despite the best efforts of the community to prevent the townsfolk from dying.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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