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Colonia Jaurez

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California, Orange County, Fountain Valley
Established in 1923 with six streets on lots sized 50 by 300. A complete community with stores, recreation facilities, and churches. (Holy Family Mission still exists).

(Churches, Etc. • Hispanic Americans • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Frontier Village

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California, Santa Clara County, San Jose

From 1961 to 1980 the park that you are now standing in was home to a one-of-a-kind western themed amusement park called Frontier Village
The Entrance Forts The main entrance was built to resemble the gates of an early western frontier fort. The bottom of the forts housed the ticket boot and visitor information. Guests could take a stroll up the stairs of the forts and be treated to a wonderful view of the park. These are some of the birds that will be living in the Frontier Village birdhouses throughout the park. This replica of The Entrance Forts has entrance holes and cavities that specially designed to attract White-breasted Nutcatches. Downy Woodpecker • White-Breasted Nutcatch • Western Bluebird • House Wren • Chestnut-backed Chickadee

The One-Room Schoolhouse Nestled in the high grounds of Frontier Village, the little red schoolhouse welcomed visitors to go back in time to see how children of the Old West went to school. Old-fashioned desks with working inkwells adorned the little classroom. The park went to great lengths to recreate the fine details, including an original school bell that was used at the New Almaden School on the hill, from the 1870’s to the end of operations and donated to the village by the Almaden Museum.
These are some of the birds that will be living in the Frontier Village birdhouses throughout the park. This replica of The One-room Schoolhouse has entrance holes and cavities that specially designed to attract House Wrens.

The Old Railroad Station An ornate Victorian train station was once located here, greeting visitors to Frontier Village. The Railroad cars made their journey around the park, treating fans to the sights of the Canoe and Burro Rides, the Badlands, Ferris wheel and Spirit of Kitty Hawk. Riders would often be treated to a shoot-out with members of the Gunfighters Gang. These are some of the birds that will be living in the Frontier Village birdhouses throughout the park. This replica of The Old Railroad Station has entrance holes and cavities that specially designed to attract Western Bluebirds.

Main Street You are currently standing at the site of old Main Street, Families would stroll down the dusty road to find their favorite Frontier Village character, a hot dog, or the cotton candy stand. The General Store, Silver Dollar Saloon, Trading Post and Marshall’s Office all adorned this charming road, and the gunfighters held their legendary shoot-outs here. These are some of the birds that will be living in the Frontier Village birdhouses throughout the park. This replica of old Main Street has entrance holes and cavities that specially designed to attract Downy Woodpeckers.

The Lost Dutchman Mine This once the site of the Lost Dutchman Mine ride. As eerie music floated through the air, adult and kids alike zigzagged their way through a maze of scary stalactites, whirlpools, falling rocks, skeletons of old timers and a old miner setting off a dynamite charge at the end of the ride. The mine ride was also the backdrop for the always-stocked trout fishing pond.
These are some of the birds that will be living in the Frontier Village birdhouses throughout the park. This replica of The Lost Dutchman Mine has entrance holes and cavities that specially designed to attract Chestnut-backed Chickadees.

(Education • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 18 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Robert D. Covington House

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Utah, Washington County, Washington
Built c. 1859 by Washington's
first Bishop and leader
of the 1857 Cotton Missionaries.
Good example of pioneer stone work.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Robert D. Covington House

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Utah, Washington County, Washington
This house was built c. 1859 for Robert D. Covington, leader of the Mormon colonizing group sent from Salt Lake City to establish a cotton industry in this warm region of the Utah Territory. The native sandstone building material was quarried 1/4 mile to the east. The twin brothers who built this structure also worked on other historic buildings in the area, including the Cotton Mill in Washington, Utah and the fort at Pipe Springs, Arizona. Robert D. Covington lived to the ripe old age of 87, and died here in Washington in 1902.

(Notable Buildings • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Covington Mansion

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Utah, Washington County, Washington
In 1857, Robert D. Covington, directed by Brigham Young, led twenty-eight families to Washington, Utah, to establish the "Cotton Mission." In 1859, a large structure was built that would serve as a meeting house for the Saints, a way station for the early missionaries to the Indians, and the home of the first bishop in Dixie, Robert Covington. The spacious upper floor, entered by an outside stairway, became a community social center with parties, dances and plays held there until 1877. Built of native Navajo sandstone, it is the oldest remaining building in Utah's Dixie.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Section Houses

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California, Orange County, Fountain Valley
Used by Pacific Electric Railroad for track maintenance workers and their families. Equipment and supplies located nearby Freight house located across Talbert Avenue

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Historic Basque Handball Court

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Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff
Historic Basque handball court (cancha) built in 1926 by Jesus Garcia, a Spaniard who migrated to Flagstaff in 1912. He owned and operated the adjacent Tourist Home. The Basque would reportedly herd sheep, drink, chase women, or play their beloved pelota games (hard sheep skin ball). The Basque migrated westward in the late 1800s following the railways. The 40 foot high sandstone court is one of a reported 14 remaining in America, and is the only one left standing in Arizona.

(Notable Buildings • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Irrigation in Orange County

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California, Orange County, Yorba Linda
Water from the Santa Ana River was largely responsible for the transformation of this arid valley into productive agricultural land. Irrigation companies in Orange County were in operation as early as the 1860s. The two largest were the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company and the Anaheim Union Water Company, operating into the 1970s. This headgate was used by the SAVI to divert water from canal to orchard.

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Natural Resources) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Historic Kolob Mountain

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Utah, Washington County, Hurricane
Kolob
by Owen Sanders When lassitude tugs at your body
and robs you of zest to exist
come with me to Kolob
and walk through the mild morning mist

Huddle at dawn on a hillside
and scan the green valley below;
Listen to snapping and crackle of twigs
and thumping of hoofs on the go!

When shots re-echo at daybreak
your pulse starts pounding anew
as you search to locate your quarry
and forget the breathtaking view

Come back with me to Kolob
it’s fun to be with you up there
Sluff off the work-a-day worry
in the sparkling, clear mountain air!


Kolob is a majestic jewel in an awesome setting of rare scenic charm. It is one mile higher than Hurricane City and can be reached in a few minutes by driving constantly upward from plateau to plateau, through spellbinding beauty at every turn in the road.
Pioneers who colonized Toquerville, Virgin City and Grafton, also ranched on Kolob. They hobbled and milked scores of half wild cows fresh from the lush green pastures of Kolob and the desert rangeland far below. From the milk and cream they made many crocks and barrels of butter and zesty cheese which was then hauled by wagon down the steep mountain road and sold or traded to merchants in Cedar City, St. George, and the mining towns of Silver Reef, Frisco, New House, Pioche, and Delamar.
From Kolob Peak, Zion Canyon can be seen far below and the St. George Temple is visible fifty miles away and one mile below. For over 50 years a pole gate swung between two giant ponderosa pines in Black Canyon on the road to Kolob. Until this gate was opened, livestock could not drift from the lower range onto upper Kolob. Sheer sandstone cliffs formed a high natural barrier.
From the West, and South several massive pinnacles jut out from Kolob and rise several thousand feet from their base, like fabulous "Islands in the Sky." Some of these have a surface area of several hundred acres. By fencing across a narrow neck of connecting land, cattle and sheep could be held on this land.
Descendants of Kolob Ranchers helped colonize the City of Hurricane in 1906. Now, their descendants have homes and cabins on these ranches. Visiting Kolb is a exhilarating and unforgettable experience.

(Natural Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Verbeck Residence

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Wisconsin, Washington County, West Bend
The United State Government Land Grant transfer to William W. Verbeck took place January 1, 1848.

In the early 1850s a barn and home were constructed.

The residence is a square, two-story brick structure, featuring arched brick frames over each window.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Government Boarding School Boys Dormitory

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Wisconsin, Vilas County, Lac du Flambeau
Listed on the National and Tribal Registers of Historic Places for its National Significance in representing the Government Boarding Schools and their impact on Indigenous Nations.

Restoration and rehabilitation of the Boy’s Dormitory, circa 1906, was funded in part by the Save America’s Treasures Grant, the Nau Family, the United States Department of Agriculture – Rural Development, and the many donations and contributions from various individuals and organizations.

(Education • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Nut House

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
Originally a cigar making factory, the building shown became Perry's Tropical Nut House when owner Irving Perry started selling pecans in 1926. The business flourished as automobile traffic along Route 1 grew and it soon became Maine's #1 tourist destination. The reverse of this card reads "Most Interesting Place on the Maine Coast." Many travelers, including First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, have stopped to purchase nuts, homemade fudge, jams, jellies and souvenir trinkets. A nut museum and menagerie of exotic, stuffed animals also drew in customers. Changes in the late 1990s saw the dispersal of the museum and animal collection.

Inset:
Many colorful, humorous and oversized sculptures once decorated the grounds. The elephant has long been the official trademark of Perry's Nut House.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Biggest Little City

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
Despite the decline in ship building, the port of Belfast remained busy at the turn of the 20th century. Rapid industrial development took place all along the west side waterfront, and steamships and railroads became the primary movers of goods. Granaries and creameries, clothing and shoe manufacturers, a fuel company and granite works were among the varied industries that formed the economic base of the city. On the east side, ice houses, brickworks, a foundry, and a paper mill were the principal industries. Local shopkeepers sold a variety of goods, and people from communities all around Penobscot Bay relied on steamboat "excursions" to Belfast for a day of shopping. The photograph, taken c. 1900, shows a waterfront crowded with commercial interest, attesting to the vitality of the Belfast economy.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mohawk Area

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New York, Montgomery County, near Fonda

The Mohawk Valley was a principal pass to the interior between the Adirondack Mountains and the Allegheny Plateau. Here dwelt the Mohawks, one of the Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy who barred the white man's advance westward. In the seventeenth century they were visited by French Catholic missionaries from Canada, some of whom suffered martyrdom. In 1712, with the aid of Queen Anne, an Anglican Chapel for the Mohawks was erected at Fort Hunter.

Trade goods and furs were carried by river boats over the Mohawk between Albany and the West. The same route was followed by military expeditions during the French and Indian War.

From Fort Johnson, and after 1763 from Johnson Hall at Johnstown, Sir William Johnson ably conducted Indian affairs for the British government. During the Revolution, Tory and Indian raiders from Canada harassed the Mohawk Valley settlements.

The completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 and the formation of the New York Central Railroad in 1853 introduced an era of rapid settlement and industrial growth. In the twentieth century improved highways follow this historic route, long famed for its scenic beauty.



(Colonial Era • Native Americans • Railroads & Streetcars • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Memorial Bridge

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
The first bridge to span the Passagassawakeag River at this site was built by private investors in 1806. Known as the Lower Bridge and made of wood, it featured a drawbridge which allowed schooners to travel up the river as far as the wharfs at City Point. In June 1920, three days before construction was to begin on a new concrete and granite bridge, a truck carrying movie films broke through the draw (see inset). The new bridge, known as the Veterans Memorial Bridge was dedicated to the veterans of WWI by Gov. Percival Baxter on October 8, 1921.
The pronunciation of Passagassawakeag is PAS-SAG'-AS-SA-WAU'-KEAG. It is a Penobscot Indian word meaning "Sturgeon-His Place" or the more descriptive version, "the place for spearing sturgeon by torchlight."

(Bridges & Viaducts) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Great Conflagration

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
Belfast artist William M. Hall's drawing of the "Great Conflagration" was published in Harper's Weekly magazine a week after the fire. At 10:30 on the night of October 12, 1865 a fire that started on the waterfront rapidly spread. Despite valiant efforts by the fire department, by next morning the inferno had leveled one hundred twenty-five buildings in a twenty-acre section of downtown. The following year, the City passed an ordinance prohibiting the building of wooden structures in the downtown area. In 1873 another fire at one of the wharfs spread quickly throughout the same district burned earlier. This time, the blaze extended into the residential district as far as High Street and unfortunately caused one death.

(Disasters) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Captain Albert W. Stevens

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
Famed aerial photographer and Belfast native Army Air Corps Captain Albert W. Stevens captured his hometown on film in September 1923. It is interesting to see the newly built Memorial Bridge, the open fields of the east side and the steamboat heading away from the dock. Stevens served in WWI taking aerial photographs of German positions. On November 11, 1935, he commanded the flight of Explorer II, a helium balloon that ascended to a record altitude of 72,395' (13.71 miles). The first to reach the stratosphere, the mission was co-sponsored by the Army Air Corps and the National Geographic Society and provided scientific data. During this historic flight Stevens took the first photographic image showing the curvature of the earth. A copy of this photograph is on display at the Belfast Museum.

(Air & Space) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Finest and the Fastest

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Maine, Waldo County, Belfast
The abundant lumber, steam-powered sawmills and stretches of wide, flat beach, Belfast became a ship building center with shipyards lining the waterfront. In 1793, Robert and James Miller built the schooner Jenny Miller, the first of many ships to be built here. Over the years, more than 600 vessels, known for their size, speed and beauty were launched by Belfast area shipyards, and as many as one-third of the local men were employed as sailors or shipwrights. The largest of the yards was owned by Columbia P. Carter who built over 100 vessels. This photograph, taken in 1908, shows the Fields Pendleton shipyard with a ship under construction and three others possibly waiting for repair.

Inset:
The very last sailing vessel, the Blanche C. Pendleton, was launched on May 20, 1920.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Milwaukee-Downer College Buildings

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Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee
This set of four buildings, including Merrill, Johnston, and Holton Halls and Greene Memorial Library, designed by A. C. Eschweiler and erected in 1897–1905, was designated as a Milwaukee Landmark in 1973 in recognition of its architectural and historical significance to the community.

(Education • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Dune System Called "NaNa"

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Florida, Nassau County, American Beach
NaNa, the tallest dune in Florida, is a protected landmark due largely to the efforts of MaVynne Betsch (January 14, 1935-September 5, 2005), widely known as the "Beach Lady." Betsch, who once performed opera in London, Paris and Germany, returned to American Beach in 1975 as a full-time resident. Here, she used her resources and talents for the preservation of nature, the environment and the African-American community of American Beach. For this 60-foot dune system that she dubbed "NaNa," and the adjoining property to the shoreline, her efforts resulted in acquiring nearly ten acres as a national park now located in the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. The "Beach Lady" also championed efforts that led to the posting of nesting signs for the protection of sea turtle eggs and encouraged residents to plant wildflowers on vacant lots to stabilize the sand as well as serve as hosts for butterfly nestlings and feedings. MaVynne Betsche, devoted the last 25 years of her life as this historic African-American community's most vocal advocate. Beach Lady is lovingly remembered for her mantra, "Getting the most from the least and living peacefully in harmony with nature is the most rewarding lifestyle."

A Florida Heritage Site

(African Americans • Environment) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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