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Hojack Railroad

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New York, Monroe County, Hilton
Opened as Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg RR, 1876. Fruit shipments by rail made Hilton prosper & grow. Last train ran March 31, 1978.

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

This Column Stands on Union!

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Massachusetts, Suffolk County, Charlestown
In the years following the battle, this hill became sacred ground. A new patriotic spirit swept the nation in the 1820s. Americans looked to honor the sacrifice and service of their ancestors. For two decades, many men and women, led by the Bunker Hill Monument Association, worked to raise funds for a suitable memorial.

On June 17, 1843, over 100,000 people gathered here for the dedication of the Bunker Hill Monument. Statesman and orator Daniel Webster spoke to the crowd, which included John Tyler and the last living veterans of the battle.

(Landmarks • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Decisive Day has come on which the fate of America depends...

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Massachusetts, Suffolk County, Charlestown
This high ground of Breed's Hill bound the American colonies to the cause of independence. An open field once located here commanded this entire area. On the night of June 16, 1775, two month after the fighting at Lexington and Concord, 1,200 colonial militiamen quickly built a small earthen fort.As drawn broke on June 17, the fort stood in clear view of the British army in Boston. British cannon from ship and land opened fire. Some2,200 British soldiers crossed the Charles River and assaulted the hill. After several bloody attacks, the British troops overran the colonists. The British forces won this ground, but it cost nearly half their men.

Battle of Bunker Hill.The patriots await the British assault 1775.
Painting by Don Troiani

(Notable Events • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Town of Gates

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New York, Monroe County, Gates
Town of Gates Named in 1813 Last remnant of old town of Northampton

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gates

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New York, Monroe County, Gates
Established March 30, 1802 as part of Northampton. June 10, 1812 named for General Horatio Gates, hero of Saratoga, 1777. Subdivided into Gates and Greece March 22, 1822. Geographical center of Monroe County. "County Cornerstone"

(Settlements & Settlers • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

You are now my enemy and I am yours...

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Massachusetts, Suffolk County, Charlestown
The British Army was one of the most powerful military forces of the day. Their leaders were career officers. The troops were regularly trained and well equipped. Yet, the enlisted ranks were often filled with soldiers recruited against their will -- poor and unemployed men, sometimes taken right from jail.

Most colonists who fought in this battle were not trained soldiers. They freely fought in militia units from their hometowns. The British commanders did not expect such an improvised army to perform as well as it did. Though the Americans lost this hill, they grew more unified and determined to fight for their freedom.

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Scarritt College for Christian Workers

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Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville
Established in Kansas City in 1892 by the Methodist Episcopal Church South and moved to Nashville in 1924, Scarritt trained laity in Christian education, music, and missions until it closed in 1988. Much of the Collegiate Gothic campus architecture was designed by Nashville architect Henry C. Hibbs. The campus was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. A leader in racial integration in the South, Scarritt integrated its student population in 1952. The Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. spoke in Wightman Chapel to the Conference on Christian Faith and Human Relations on April 25, 1957. From its beginning, Scarritt had an international student population that reflected its commitment to a global understanding of racial justice and equality. Its mission and vision continue today through the Scarritt-Bennett Center.

(Churches, Etc. • Civil Rights • Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Tale of Three Jurisdictions

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Virginia, Alexandria
Did you know that you traverse the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia when you cross this bridge? The brass lines in the walkway mark the boundaries. They also commemorate the cooperation required to build this bridge.

Follow the numbers to find out how this intersection came to be...

1. Virginia was the first colony.
The first British land grant in the new world was extended by the King to the Virginia Company of London, a collection of court favorites that had financed ocean exploration. Captain John Smith's map of 1612 laid claim to vast territory that stretched from Florida to Canada, and west to the Pacific Ocean.

2. Maryland was established by a land grant to Lord Baltimore.
After a single winter in Newfoundland, George Calvert, First Lord of Baltimore, wrote the British King requesting land in a warmer climate. In 1632, Lord Baltimore and his heirs were granted territory in Virginia to found "the province of Mariland in memory and honor of the Queene."

3. Virginia and Maryland ceded land for the District of Columbia.
In 1790, George Washington selected a site along the Potomac River for the capital of the emerging nation. A ten-mile square was laid out, straddling the river, with this cornerstone marking the southern tip. The cornerstone is still standing at the Alexandria end of the bridge, near the lighthouse in Jones Point.

4. Congress returns land to Virginia.
George Washington perhaps silencing criticism of his role in locating the seat of government so close to his vast landholdings, insisted that no federal building be sited on the Virginia side of the District. The city of Alexandria, therefore, never benefited from the growth of the federal city. In 1846, Congress agreed to return all Virginia lands to Virginia, eliciting "great rejoicing and cannon fire."

(Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Jones Point Lighthouse

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Virginia, Isle of Wight County, Alexandria
In the 1850's, Alexandria was one of the busiest seaports in the Chesapeake region. To help guide Potomac River ship traffic, the federal government built the Jones Point lighthouse, illuminating the beacon for the first time on May 1, 1856. It was one of the first lighthouses designed to use a new "unified" plan, combining the beacon and keeper's house into a single structure.

Among the duties listed in the manual for the keeper were to keep a journal and log of expenditures, maintain the lighthouse and grounds, employ attendants,report wrecks, and "...be courteous & polite to all visitors..." This last duty was taken to heart by a one keeper:

"Year round, after Sunday morning obligations, citizens would gather in the buoy shed near the Light House. There...keeper Benjamin Potter Greenwood would listen to the recollections of those present. They would occasionally partake in a hand or two of poker—would finish off the visit with a bit of Maryland rye (Oxon Creek stills) or 'Virginia corn.'"

(caption)
Unidentified Jones Point Lighthouse keeper and boy, circa 1905. Image courtesy of the Historical Society of Washington D.C.

(caption)
The lighthouse lantern was outfitted with a fifth order Fresnel lens, which was new technology at the time. The beacon initially used whale oil, then ran on gas, was changed to a fixed red oil lamp and finally became a flashing white gas lamp.During the period that the red light was in place, the Point became known as something of a nautical "red light zone" with gambling barges and floating brothels. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress

(caption)
Between 1910 and 1912, the Army Corps of Engineers infilled the cove at Jones Point. In 1926, a fully automated 60-foot steel tower with beacon was erected along the new coastline, replacing the obsolete lighthouse. Image courtesy of National Archives

(Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Porter Wood Burning Locomotive

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Florida, Duval County, Jacksonville Beach
Porter wood burning locomotive
representing type of engine
employed during the 1880's on the
St. Johns Railway, St. Augustine's
first passenger line - chartered
in 1858 and in active operation
until 1894.
Donated to City
by

Greville Bathe
January 8, 1960

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Ridge Road

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New York, Monroe County, Greece
Molded by the great glacier and long an Indian trail. Traveled by pioneers' oxcarts, covered wagons, stagecoaches. Town of Greece founded 1822.

(Native Americans • Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gertrude A. Williams

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New York, Chautauqua County, Kennedy
First woman justice of New York State Gertrude A. Williams Years of service 1920 to 1924 Site of her former residence where she held court.

(Government) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kennedy Mills

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New York, Chautauqua County, Kennedy
First commercial enterprise in southeastern Chautauqua County Doctor Thomas Ruston Kennedy built first mill October 1805 after purchase of 3000 acres in the area which became the Town of Poland

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Evelynn M. Crandall

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New York, Chautauqua County, Kennedy
First woman to serve as a Chautauqua County Legislator
Evelynn M. Crandall
Elected from District 7
Years of service 1978-1981 & 1984-1989
Remembered for her dedication to local history

(Politics) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Frame House

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Ellicottville
In Ellicottville, 1817 Early Courts of County and meetings of Board of Supervisors held here

(Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ellicottville Town Hall

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Ellicottville
Ellicottville, Cattaraugus County, N.Y. was entered on the National Register of Historic Places April 4, 1973

(Government) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

In Memory of Those From Ellicottville

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Ellicottville
In Memory of Those from Ellicottville who served in World War I and World War II and especially the following who paid the supreme sacrifice
Egbert L. Barnhard • William N. Burton • Douglass D. Dineen • Alton G. Eastman • Irvin T. Ebert • Daniel W. Lowry • Joseph M. O'Connor • Robert J. Quinn • Henry D. Smith

(War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Settlement of Knapp Creek

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Knapp Creek
The Settlement of Knapp Creek, formerly known as Knapps Creek, was a genuine boomtown in the early days of the Bradford Oil Field, beginning about 1877. It was on a narrow gauge railroad and later an electric street car line. The town boasted a bank, a drugstore, two bottling works, over a dozen saloons and many other businesses including a Chinese laundry. Knapp Creek is the birthplace of aviation pioneer William T. Piper, known as "The Henry Ford of Aviation".

(Air & Space • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

1804-2004

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Olean
In recognition of Olean's 200th birthday, we dedicate this prehistoric Olean conglomerate rock. In 1804 Major Adam Hoops bought a large parcel of land at Olean Point and founded our city. We celebrate that occasion and honor all of our citizens and veterans, past and present, who helped make Olean a very special place to live and work. Let the journey continue...

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Major Adam Hoops

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Olean
In Memory of Major Adam Hoops
A soldier of the Revolution and founder of Olean, N.Y. 1804
and to keep in remembrance the patriots of the War for Independence who are buried in Cattaraugus County, New York

(Settlements & Settlers • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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