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Bate's Brigade

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Georgia, Catoosa County, near Fort Oglethorpe
Text on the First Tablet:

Bate's Brigade
Stewart's Division - Buckner's Corps.
Brigadier General William B. Bate.

September 19, 1863, 4 p.m., 2d Position.

58th Alabama - Colonel Bushrod Jones.
37th Georgia - Lieutenant Colonel Joseph T. Smith.
4th Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters - Major T. D. Caswell.
4th Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters - Captain B. M. Turner.
4th Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters - Lieutenant Joel Towers.
15th Tennessee - Colonel R. C. Tyler.
37th Tennessee - Colonel R. C. Tyler.
20th Tennessee - Colonel Thomas B. Smith.
20th Tennessee - Major W. M. Shy.
Eufaula Artillery (Alabama Battery) - Captain McDonald Oliver.

At 4:30 p.m. the center of this Brigade crossed the LaFayette road at this point. The left being south of the Brotherton house and the right near the southeast corner of the field east of the Poe house, having Clayton's Brigade on its left.

Text on the Second Tablet:

The line advanced in the face of severe fire gradually swinging toward the northwest. The left pierced the Union center and opened an enfilading fire upon troops and batteries stationed near the Poe house. This Union force withdrew to the north line of the Poe field behind a strong line of guns. The approach in the Dyer field of the head of Brannan's Union Division moving from the north caused the withdrawal of Bate's left regiments, while the right, advancing through the Poe field was repulsed at 5 p.m. by the twenty guns and supporting infantry assembled there. The Brigade captured four pieces of artillery. The loss of the Brigade was 48.7 per cent, and every field officer but three was wounded.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

American Veterans Memorial

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Iowa, Page County, Shenandoah

The city of Shenandoah remembers and honors all those citizens of this community who have served in the military of the United States Of America in peacetime, and in these wars and conflicts since Iowa became a state in 1846.

Mexican War (1846-1848)
Civil War (1861-1865)
Spanish American War (1898)
World War I (1917-1918)
World War II (1941-1945)
Korean War (1950-1953)
Vietnam War (1964-1973)
Persian Gulf War (1991)
Somalia (1992-1994)

Placed with Pride by the
City of Shenandoah
September 22, 2001
—————————
In Memoriam
Robert S. Ross
Husband and Father
Businessman/Banker
World War II Veteran
Community Leader
1915-2002

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, US Civil • War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Tradition of Innovation in Agriculture

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Iowa, Page County, Shenandoah

The fertile land of the Nishnabotna Valley was created when prehistoric glaciers deposited a base for the rich, thick soil which built up through the centuries and made Iowa famous for its corn and soybeans.

Settlers from the great Mormon migration recognized the potential of the fertile Nishna Valley and established the village of Manti in the area in 1852.

Agriculture became a significant part of southwest Iowa living. Seed and nursery businesses flourished. Radio stations KMA and KFNF broadcast farm-related information to thousands of rural farm families starting in the 1920's. Jessie Field Shanbaugh, sister of Henry Field, founded the 4-H Clubs of America to teach young people about agriculture.

Shenandoah played a vital role in the early development of hybrid seed corn. During the mid 1930's, J. R. McNeilly, an early hybridizer, sold hybrid seed corn through the nurseries of Earl May and Henry Field. Under the auspices of the United Nations, John Nicholson brought agronomists to Shenandoah from all over Europe to study hybrid seed corn production at his company, United Hybrid Corn Growers. When the DeKalb plant opened in 1941, southwest Iowa became a leading producer of hybrid corn.

Southwest Iowa agriculture has continued to evolve with increased attention given to environmental conservation. Contemporary practice reduces soil erosion by terracing and various tillage methods, and controls pests with methods that decrease the use of pesticides. Agriculture also focuses on safely turning animal waste products into resources. These solutions are helping agriculture survive in southwest Iowa.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Women's Christian Temperance Union Fountain

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Iowa, Page County, Shenandoah

This property is listed in
the National Register of Historic Properties
—————————
Dedicated in memory of
Mrs. H. S. Nichols
W.C.T.U. 1912
For God and Home and Every Land

(Charity & Public Work • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mary S. Howell

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New York, Livingston County, Mount Morris

Mary S. Howell
Mary Seymour Howell 1844-1913.
Spoke nationally for
equal sufferage. Wrote the
full sufferage bill that NYS
assembly passed in 1892.

(Civil Rights) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Birthplace of Francis Bellamy

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New York, Livingston County, Mount Morris

Birthplace of
Francis Bellamy
1855-1931
author of "The Pledge of
Allegiance to the Flag"

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Little Bighorn Indian Memorial

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Montana, Big Horn County, Crow Agency

Arikara

“I shall not see you (sun) go down behind the mountains tonight . . .I am going home today, not the way we came, but in spirit, home to my people.”- Bloody Knife, Arikara (June 25, 1876)
“These Old Scouts, today we remember them, the ways of the Old Ones who were, the good ways that were ours.”- Arikara Scout’s Song
Sahnish
U.S. Arikara Scouts

In remembrance of our ancestors who fought and died at the Battle of Little Bighorn June 25-26, 1876
*Sgt. Bobtail Bull • *Bloody Knife • *Little Brave Soldier • Boy Chief • Bull • Bull In The Water • Red Bear • Red Foolish Bear • Forked Horn • Pretty Face • Goose • Little Sioux• Lying Down • One Feather • Stab Strikes The Lodge • Strikes Two • White Eagle • Howling Wolf • Young Hawk II • Curly Head • Red Star • Red Wolf • Charging Bull • Black Porcupine • Horns in Front • Running Wolf • Scabby Wolf • Black Fox • Tall Bear • Climbing Up The Hill • One Horn • Bear’s Eye • Foolish Bear • Left Hand • Owl • Wagon[ * Killed in the Battle of the Little Bighorn]

Apsaalooke
Children of the Large Beaked Bird


“The Crow Country is exactly in the right place. Everything good is to be found there. There is no country like the Crow Country.”- Rotten Belly, Crow
“A scout is like a lone wolf, that must be looking, looking, looking all the time.”- Red Wing, Crow
“White Man Runs Him, You have scouted against the enemy, the Sioux once. Now you scout again.”- Crow Honoring Song
“Our leading chiefs saw that to help the white men fight their enemies and ours would make them our friends . . . We had always fought the three tribes, Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho. Our decision was reached . . . because we plainly saw that this course was the only one which might save our beautiful country for us.”- Chief Plenty Coup, Crow

Apsaalooke
U.S. CrowScouts
In remembrance of our ancestors who fought at the Battle of Little Bighorn, June 25-26, 1876

Half Yellow Face • Curly • Goes Ahead • Hairy Moccasin • White Swan • White Man Runs Him

Arapaho
Hinono’eino’
Blue Sky People


Tsehme’etano’tohevose, Haa’êsta’ehe tsehvonanêse, June 25, 1876
In Remembrance of Our Fallen, Where Long Hair Was Wiped Out June 25, 1876
Voo’xenehe (Hump Nose) • Honeonaxe (Limber Bones) • Amévaohtsé (Noisy Walking) • Ve’ho’e enóhnenehé (Lame White Man) • O’xäsehé (Cut Belly) • Hevovetäso (Little Whirlwind) • Mo’ôhtàenàhkohe/Hahpêhe’onáhe (Black Bear/Closed Hand)

Cheyenne
Tsé tsehestâhese (The People Like Us)
So’taa’eo’e (The People Left Behind)


Nótâxévestôtse (Warrior Societies)
Véhonenótâxeo’o       (Chief Soldiers)
Vóhkêséhteaneo’o       (Kit Fox Soldiers)
Hémo’eoxeso       (Elk Horn Scrapers)
Hotamétaneo’o       (Dog Soldiers)
Hotamémâséha’o       (Crazy Dogs Soldiers)
Héma’tanóohese       (Bowstring Soldiers)
“We had killed soldiers who had come to kill us.”- Wooden Leg, Cheyenne (1906)
“It was a hot, clear day and no wind. There was a great dust from fighting, but no storm after the battle.”- Young Two Moons, Cheyenne (1907)
“I will never harm the Cheyennes again. I will never point my gun at a Cheyenne again. I will never kill another Cheyenne.”General George A. Custer (1869)
“If you break your promise, you and your soldiers will go to dust like this. If you are acting treacherously toward us, sometime you and your whole command will be killed.”- Stone Forehead, Arrow Keeper, Cheyenne (1869)
On March 15, 1869, after the Washita Battle, General George Armstrong Custer smoked the pipe with Stone Forehead, Keeper of the Sacred Arrows at Sweetwater. Long Hair (Custer) promised never to fight the Cheyenne people again. The ashes from the Sacred Arrow Keeper’s pipe were then poured on the heel of Long hair’s boot.

“Our Land is everything to us . . . I will tell you one of the things we remember on our land. We remember that out grandfathers paid for it – with their lives.”- John Wooden Legs, Cheyenne (1969)
Haa’esta’ehe, tosa’e netáho’hovaohe? Nenotaxemo namohea’ovoo’o Tosa’e netáho’hova?
“Long Hair, where did you run and hide? We rounded up your soldiers, where did you run and hide?”Cheyenne Victory Dance Song, composed after the Battle of Washita (1868)
“It was here that Yellow Nose got a company flag, snatching it from the ground where it stood and counted coup with it on a soldier.”- White Shield, Cheyenne (1908)
“Yellow Nose captured from a soldier a flag with a gilt lance head on the staff, the only one of this kind taken. About fifteen flags were captured.”- Little Hawk, Cheyenne (1908)
“I was present there and tried to cross the river. As the troops were crossing the river, the Indians kept killing them right along.”- Jacob Tall Bull, Cheyenne (1898)
“I have been in many hard fights but I never saw such brave men.”- Brave Wolf, Cheyenne (1895)
“Custer rode down to the river bank and formed a line of battle and prepared to charge. But then he stopped and fell back up the hill; but he met Indians coming from above and all sides, and again formed a line. It was here that they were killed.”- White Bull, Cheyenne (1895)
“The Indians rode right up to them and knocked some off their horses as they were running, and some fell off in the river. It was like chasing buffalo – a grand chase.”- American Horse, Cheyenne (1895)

Oyate
We are allied
Dakota – Lakota – Nakota


“Hiyupo! Follow Me”- The first command spoken by Lakota War Leaders
Oyate
LEADERS –
Sitting Bull • Kill Eagle • Inkpaduta • Big Road • •Low Dog • Little Hawk • Hump • Post Bull • Black Shield • Lame Deer • Red Hawk • High Backbone • Crow King • Iron Dog • Black Moon • Crawler • Gall • Rain In The Face •Red Horn • Old Eagle • Two Eagles • Black Eagle • Crazy Bull • Flying Chaser • Crow Dog • Charging Thunder • Iron Horn • Four Horns • Bear Face

IN REMEMBRANCE OF THE FALLEN - Hump Nose • Young Black Moon • Dog With Horns • Chataka • Red Horn Buffalo • Guts • Flying Charge • Hawk Man • Black Wasicha • Dog Backbone • Bear With Horns • High Horse • Swift Bear • Three Bears • Bad Light Hair • Cloud Man • Elk Stands On Top • High Eagle • Plenty Lice • Elk Standing High • Eagle Hat • Elk Bear • Kills Him • Chased By Owl • Young Bear • Lone Dog • Long Road • Young Skunk • Chief High Eagle • Standing Elk • Mustachs • Swift Cloud • Two Bears • White Buffalo Bull • Standing Rabbit • Big Design • Black Fox • Breech Cloth • White Bull • Owns Red Horse • Flying By • High Elk • Bad Yellow Hair • Red Face • White Eagle • Deed

“We did not ask you white men to come here. The Great Spirit gave us this country as a home. You had yours . . . We did not interfere with you. We do not want your civilization!”- Ta Sunke Wicko     (Crazy Horse)
“They came on us like a thunderbolt. I did not think it possible that any white men would attack us, so strong as we were.”- Low Dog, Lakota
“It was a terrible battle . . . a hard battle because both sides were brave warriors.”- Red Feather, Lakota
“power through unity”- Enos Poor Bear Sr., Lakota
“That night the Lakota men, women and children lighted many fires and danced; their hearts were glad for the Great Spirit had given them a great victory.”- Gall Lakota
OCETI SAKOWIN

Zuya Wicasa – The Warriors




“generosity, compassion and sacrifice.”
Tatanke Iyotake
Sitting Bull
HUNKPAPA LAKOTA, 1831-1890

Tatanke Iyotake lived the spiritual ways of his ancestors. He believed in the law of the Cannupa (Pipe) and the sacred existence with nature. Tatanke Iyotake proved he was a protector and caregiver to the people through his generosity, compassion and self sacrifice.

In early June 1876 the Lakota held their annual Sundance along Rosebud Creek below Deer Medicine Rocks. Tatanke Iyotake offered 50 pieces of flesh from each arm. On the second day of the Sundance he received a vision. He saw soldiers falling into camp upside down, and a voice told him: “I give you these because they have no ears.” Sitting Bull was also instructed to warn people. “These dead soldiers who are coming are the gifts of the creator. Kill them, but do not take their guns or horses. Do not touch the spoils. If you set your hearts upon the goods of the white man, it will prove a curse to this nation.”

Tatanke Iyotake did not partake in the battle because he listens to the wisdom and advice of his mother. She told him he did not have to fight, that it was time to let the younger men prove their ability to protect the village. She advised him to take care of the noncombatants. After the battle, he went to a ridge, filled his Cannupa (Pipe) and prayed for the fallen warriors. He also prayed for Custer and his men.- Family of Tatanke Iyotake
“truth, justice and wisdom.”Ta Sunke Witko       Crazy Horse   1840-1877
“In order to heal our grandmother earth we must unify through peace.”

In memory of the Lakota Bands of the Great Sioux Nation: Cuthead, Two Kettle, Blackfoot, Minnikojou, Hunkpapa, No Bows, and Flathead. Also the Dakota (Mdewakanton, Wahpetowan, Sissetowan) and Nakota Bands (Ihanktowan – Yankton, Ihanktonwanna – Yanktonai) of the Great Sioux Nation, and Cheyenne and Arapaho Nations who fought here with us against the U.S. 7th Cavalty. The battle was fought because the United States wanted the Black Hills and its natural resources.

Ta Sunke Witko fought in this battle to preserve a way of life for the Lakota Oyate. Our grandfathers protected our Sacred Pipe because it was given to us by the Creator believing that all mankind was given the power of Truth, Justice, and Wisdom. All the warriors at this battle who were killed believed this way. Our grandfathers say that the Cheyenne and Arapaho came because they had family ties with the Lakota Nation.

Our grandfather Ta Sunke Witko was a man who prayed with the Sacred Pipe, played with the children and listened to the elders. He saw that all living things were higher than him because he knew that mankind had the power of choice to do right or wrong, good or bad. Our grandfathers told us that all mankind were created equal, and they represent the earth man with no skin color. In order to heal our grandmother earth we must unify through peace.Pilmaye Le Uni Prya           Ta Sunke Witko Tiwahe
“Thank You. We Live.”           (Family of TA SUNKE WITKO)

(Native Americans • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 11 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

McNair's Brigade

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Georgia, Catoosa County, Fort Oglethorpe
McNair's Brigade
Johnson's Division, - Longstreet's Corps.
Brigadier General Evander McNair
Colonel David Coleman.
September 20, 1863, 11:20 a.m.

1st Arkansas Rifles,
Dismounted. - Colonel Robert W. Harper.
1st Arkansas Rifles,
Dismounted. - Lieutenant Colonel D. H. Reynolds
2d Arkansas Rifles,
Dismounted. - Colonel J. A. Williamson.
25th Arkansas, - Lieutenant Colonel Eli Hufstedler.
4th
and 31st Arkansas, and 4th Arkansas Battalion, (Consolidated), - Major J. A. Ross.
39th North Carolina, - Colonel David Coleman.
Culpeper's
(South Carolina) Battery, - Captain J. F. Culpeper.
This Brigade the right of the Division advanced at 11:10 a.m. from the first crest east of the Lafayette Road. It reached this position under a heavy flank fire of artillery and infantry. The Union troops immediately in front while withdrawing to their left leaving a gap were struck in flank and rear and driven in disorder. Upon reaching the Dyer field the brigade charged across it upon batteries posted on the crest north and west of the Dyer house.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Buckner's Corps Headquarters

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Georgia, Catoosa County, near Fort Oglethorpe
Headquarters
Buckner's Corps
Major General Simon Boliver Buckner
September 20, 1863, 2 to 6 p.m.


(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lassen Trail - Mill Creek Overlook

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California, Tehama County, near Butte Meadows
"The view below and before us truly grand - - the lofty mountains the stupendous rocks with the deep but magnificent vale below ... renders this one of the finest and most picturesque views I ever beheld" - Henry Austin, Oct 21 1849
Guidebook available
Trails West Inc., P.O. Box 12045, Reno, NV 89510


(Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Dr. Leech House

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Iowa, Cedar County, West Branch

Dr. L.J. Leech opened a medical practice in West Branch in 1882 and practiced here for the next 55 years. For many years he lived in the house one door to the north. In 1920 he moved to this home and lived here until his death in 1937. At his funeral, a message from former President Hoover praised Dr. Leech’s long and useful life and his loyalty to his neighbors.

This home has been preserved because it is in harmony with and contributes to the historic scene.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The C.E. Smith House

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Iowa, Cedar County, West Branch

Charles Smith moved to West Branch in the 1880’s and pursued his trade as a carpenter and contractor. In 1903 Smith built this retirement dream home for himself and his wife. They celebrated many special occasions here including their 50th wedding anniversary. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith celebrated their 92nd birthdays in this house.

The house has very interesting architectural details and harmonizes with the historic scene of the 1870’s.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Hannah Varney House

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Iowa, Cedar County, West Branch

This house was built in 1899 for Hannah Varney. Mrs. Varney lived in the house only about one year, but her daughters Cora and Clara continued to live here until 1915. Although built some thirteen years after Herbert Hoover left West Branch, this four room house is typical of the style of nineteenth century Iowa.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sonyea Shaker Community

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New York, Livingston County, Sonyea

Sonyea Shaker
Community
Founded 1836
Closed 1892
Became Craig Colony
for epileptics 1894

(Charity & Public Work • Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A World of Opportunity

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Iowa, Cedar County, West Branch

It was here that I was given that tender care of mind and body, those first steps in education, that knowledge of poverty and struggle for family betterment which contribute to understanding of American life.”
    President Herbert Hoover


Herbert Hoover National Historic Site commemorates the life and accomplishments of Herbert Hoover, the 31st U.S. president. Born in the village of West Branch, Iowa, to a family of modest means, Hoover believed in the “unbounded opportunity of American life.”

Explore Herbert Hoover National Historic Site, and discover how family, faith, education, and hard work opened a world of opportunity – even the presidency – to a man of simple beginnings.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of the Groveland Shaker Community

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New York, Livingston County, Sonyea
On this site the eighteenth and last Shaker community in America was founded in 1836 by members of the Sodus Bay Shaker community. The Shakers, formerly known as the United States Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, were a religious communal group that came from England in 1774. The first settlement was in Watervliet near Albany, N.Y. Known for their industry and diligence, the Shakers sold lumber, agricultural products and handicrafts. Their founder, Mother An Lee, incorporated simple dance movements and singing in the worship ritual. The practice of celibacy made them dependent on converts and the adoption of orphans for membership. A decline in membership and financial problems led to the closing of the Groveland community in 1892, and the remaining members moved to the Shaker comunity ar Watervliet, N.Y. The Shakers sold the Groveland property to the State of New York in 1894 for the purpose of establishing the Craig Colony for Epileptics which became a noted institution for the care of the handicapped.

(Charity & Public Work • Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A World of Opportunity

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Iowa, Cedar County, West Branch

My country owes me nothing. It gave me, as it gives every boy and girl, a chance . . . In no other land could a boy from a country village, without inheritance or influential friends, look forward with unbounded hope.”
    President Herbert Hoover


Herbert Hoover National Historic Site commemorates the life and accomplishments of Herbert Hoover, the 31st U.S. president. Born in the village of West Branch, Iowa, to a family of modest means, Hoover believed in the “unbounded opportunity of American life.”

Explore Herbert Hoover National Historic Site, and discover how family, faith, education, and hard work opened a world of opportunity – even the presidency – to a man of simple beginnings.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gregg's Brigade

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Georgia, Catoosa County, near Fort Oglethorpe
Gregg's Brigade
Johnson's Division - Longstreet's (Hood's) Corps.
Colonel Cyrus A. Sugg.

September 20, 1863, 11:30 a.m., 2d Position.

3d Tennessee - Colonel Calvin H. Walker.
10th Tennessee - Colonel William Grace.
30th Tennessee - Lieutenant Colonel James J. Turner,
30th Tennessee - Captain charles S. Douglas.
50th Tennessee - Major Christopher W. Robertson,
50th Tennessee - Colonel Calvin Walker.
1st Tennessee Battalion - Major Christopher W. Robertson.
7th Texas - Major K. M. VanZandt.
Bledsoe's (Missouri) Battery - Lieutenant R. L. Wood.

This Brigade was formed, in part, on the left of the Division: the remainder, consisting of the first four regiments, was placed in a second line in rear as a reserve.
It advanced at 11:10 a.m., from the first crest east of the LaFayette road.
It occupied this line under heavy skirmish fire. In its advance towards the Dyer field it suffered greatly from the fire of a heavy force of the enemy, strongly posted to its right behind barricades of rails and fallen timber. The reserve passed to the front and the Brigade dislodged this force, but with heavy loss.
Upon reaching the Dyer field the Brigade changed direction toward the right and assisted in capturing seventeen guns on the crest northwest of Dyer's. The Brigade next took part in the assault on Snodgrass Hill from the vicinity of Vittetoe's.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sue Bennett College

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Kentucky, Laurel County, London

(Side One)
Sue Bennett Memorial School, named for Madison Co. promoter, opened 1897 to educated mountain children. Funded by local people and the Methodists, school taught all grades. Commercial Dept. Opened 1901; county high school, 1910-33. Normal school operated, 1900-1920, and became junior college, 1922. Name changed, 1930; closed 1997.
Presented by Friends of Sue Bennett
(Side Two)
Educated more than 11,000 students, 1897-1997. School leaders: J.C. Lewis, 1897-1917; J.E. Savage, 1915-16; Ms. K.J. French, 1916-17; A.W. Mohn, 1917-22; K.C. East, 1922-42; H.V. McClure, 1939; Ms. J. Harrison, 1942-44; Ms. O. Sanders, 1944-58; L. Flynn, 1954; E.F. Hays, 1958-85; J.E. Patterson, 1985-88; Ms. J.K. Stivers, 1988-91; P.G. Bunnell, 1991-97; J. Cheek, 1997.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Laurel Seminary

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Kentucky, Laurel County, London
In 1826, the legislature granted land to Laurel and some other counties for educational purposes. Land sold; Seminary opened, 1858. Used for hospital in Civil War. Gov. W.S. Taylor called special session of legislature here, 1900. Common school, 1870-84; private school, 1884-93; common school, 1893-1906; then public school. Original building replaced, 1954.

(Education • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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