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Government Street Presbyterian Church

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Alabama, Mobile County, Mobile

Founded, with 21 members, in 1831, by Rev. John B. Warren. This sanctuary erected 1834. Designated by the U.S. Dept. of the Interior as one of America's historic buildings. Presby-terian mother church for Southern Alabama.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Saenger Theatre

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Alabama, Mobile County, Mobile

Opening night, January 19, 1927, saw crowds gather to hear local dignitaries praise Mobile's "Place of Entertainment". Today the Saenger Theatre remains the entertainment center of downtown. Designed by Emile Weil in the French Renaissance style, it's ornate decorations recall the mythology of ancient Greece blended with coastal ornaments such as seahorses and shells. Constructed as a home to vaudeville and silent movies, the Theatre was one of several hundred movie houses owned by Julian and Abe Saenger of Louisiana. The Theater retains its splendid interior with a massive chandelier, monumental gilded columns flanking the stage, and new murals in the stair lobby. The exterior features an elaborately sculpted arch over the entrance with classical urns along the parapet and decorative masonry gracing the facade.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Abilene Christian University

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Texas, Taylor County, Abilene
This school, formed to provide a Christian education for all grade levels, was founded in 1906 by A.B. Barret, an early educator and preacher for Texas Churches of Christ. It was first called Childers Classical Institute in honor of Col. J.W. Childers, who deeded his homesite at North First and Victoria Streets for use as a campus. Early expansion of the institution began in 1912 with the 12-year presidency of Jesse P. Sewell. In 1920 it became Abilene Christian College and nine years later was moved to new facilities here. The present name was adopted in 1976.

(Churches, Etc. • Education) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

James Harrison Parramore

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Texas, Taylor County, Abilene
Born in Georgia to Rebecca (Norwood) and William W. Parramore, James Harrison Parramore moved with his family to Gonzales County in 1849. James attended Gonzales College before joining the Confederate army. He married Mary Jane Goodson in 1866; they began their life together farming 100 acres of land near Gonzales.
     Parramore formed a partnership with his brother-in-law, Hugh Lewis, that launched their careers as prominent Southwestern ranchers. After several years in Runnels County, Parramore bought ten acres west of Hickory Street in Abilene for his large family in 1881.
     The San Simon Cattle and Canal Company was organized in 1883 by Parramore, Lewis, and Claiborne W. Merchant. The company stocked its vast Arizona and New Mexico ranches with Texas Longhorns for twenty years.
     J.H. Parramore was active in local, state, and national organizations for cattlemen. A member of the Board of Trustees of Simmons College, he donated $10,000 for a dormitory named Mary-Frances Hall. The home that J.H. Parramore shared with his wife and ten children was located at 810 Orange Street in the area later developed by his heirs as the Parramore Addition. A Victorian mansion with French Second Empire details, the home was dismantled in 1960.

(Agriculture • Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

22nd Marine Regiment

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Ohio, Montgomery County, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

The 22nd Marine Regiment was cited for their capture of Sugar Loaf Hill, 14-19 May 1944. The 4th Marine Regiment was cited for the Battle of Mount Yaetake. The 6th Marine Division lost 8,227 killed and wounded. In exchange, more than 18,000 Japanese troops were killed and 3,254 captured: more than in any previous campaign and the largest in Marine Corps history.

The 6th Marine Division received the Presidential Citation.

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cpl Anthony P. Damato

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Ohio, Montgomery County, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

At the risk of his own life, above and beyond the call of duty, while serving with an assault company, the 2nd Platoon, Easy Company, 22nd Marines against enemy Japanese forces on Engibe Island, Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, 19-20 February 1944. He gallantly gave his life to save the lives of his two Marine companions.

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

482nd Bomb Group (P)

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Ohio, Montgomery County, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

812th, 813th, and 814th Bomb Squadrons
and All Support Units
Station 102, Alconbury, England

Dedicated to all who served
at Station 102

(Air & Space • Patriots & Patriotism • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pilot Training Classes of 1944

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Ohio, Montgomery County, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

In honor of pilots who served
the United States in preservation
of our freedoms

(Air & Space • Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


The Seabreeze Time Line

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New York, Monroe County, Irondequoit
Take a walk through the park's colorful history of providing family fun for over 130 years.

c. 1879, The Park Opens
The park opens in 1879 as the final stop on the Rochester & Lake Ontario Railroad Company's steam train line, running from the city to the lakefront. Each summer, thousands flock to the Sea Breeze picnic groves for recreation and the cool breezes off the lake.

c. 1886, Rooms with a View
Taking advantage of beautiful surroundings, the Sea Breeze Hotel provides fine food and refreshments to riders of the Rochester & Lake Ontario Railroad. Irondequoit Bay is on the left of the hotel, with the park later being developed up the hill on the right.

1889, The Sea Breeze Hotel
The hotel, located where the Whirlwind in today, overlooks the lake and the bay, and offered fine dining, dancing and top vaudeville acts. While the hotel burns in 1909, a fountain - seen to the right of the crowd - remains in the park until the 1960s.

1900, A Day at the Park
The trolley car soon becomes the major method for traveling to Sea Breeze. Passengers get off the cars inside the park; later on, the tracks are moved to let people off outside. This picture was taken from the park's front lawn looking northward.

1902, Training for the Industry
While spending off seasons in Philadelphia, George Long's family spends summers in Rochester and other waterfront spots, running their carousels. The first 4 train passengers shown here are George Long Sr., daughter Kathleen, Mother Long and son George Long Jr., - whose love for carousels blossoms into a livelihood.

1903, First Permanent Ride
Already established as a great place for picnics, a wooden roller coaster is added to attract new guests. Built where the Jack Rabbit is located today, the figure-8 coaster is a major attraction for its time. And while smaller in size, it's the start of something big.

1904, A Long Family Tradition
Members of the Long family build and operate their own carousels in Northeastern cities. George W. Long, Sr. brings his to Sea Breeze. The family also comes and lives in one of the two rooms attached to the back of the building. George W. Long, Jr. (age 12) can be seen to the right of center.

1906, Turning on the Juice
Electricity comes to the area, bringing with it trolley cars, lighting, longer stays by guests - and offering bigger and better rides for summer fun-lovers of all ages. The giant Circle Swing operates at the north end of the park, just south of the Sea Breeze hotel.

1910, The Ships Come In
People come to Sea Breeze by boats, which dock at the pier north of the park. Ferries such as the "Ontario" and the "Thorne" arrive from Charlotte Beach and downtown via the Genesee River, and then make their way along the shoreline of Lake Ontario.

1910, A View of the Beach
As the Sea Breeze area develops, this boat pier and other lakeside attractions are built to handle the thousands of visitors who come to enjoy swimming, boating and picnicking. The pier was found just across the street from the park's northern end.

c. 1910, The Long Family Carousel
Over time the Longs make modifications to their carousel - such as adding rounding boards, creating inner row jmpers and carving new legs. This merry-g-round is later moved to and operated at Seneca Park, making room at Sea Breeze for PTC#36.

1917, Everybody Dance!
It's the 1920s and the whole country is caught up in the "dance craze". Sea Breeze answers the call by building "Dreamland" just north of the Jack Rabbit. The dance hall burns down in 1923, but "Danceland" is built a year later in today's Jack Rabbit parking lot.

1920, The Jack Rabbit
Using the area's natural terrain and an out & back design by Miler & Baker, a wooden classic comes to life. The station and track have been updated, but the Jack Rabbit - today the nation's oldest continuously operated wooden coaster - provides legendary thrills.

1921, The Virginia Reel
At this time, 3 roller coasters are in operation. The Virginia Reel is on the foreground, the Dips (later called the Greyhound) to the right, and the Jack Rabbit at the south end of the park. Note the sign that asks riders to pay as they leave.

c. 1921, Park and Ride
Always a popular destination, visitors come to the park by train, trolley, boat, and eventually the Model T. Familiar sights here include the 1915 carousel building and what is now the park office. The office building was later picked up and moved to its present location.

1925, The Natatorium
Billed as "The World's Largest Salt-Water Swimming Pool" at 125 ft x 30 ft, the Natatorium opens just south of the Jack Rabbit. Features include fountains, play elements and seating for water shows. Filled with filtered water from the bay, salt was then added.

1926, The Wildcat
Summertime in the Twenties means taking a ride on the Wildcat roller coaster. It was located just north of the Jack Rabbit, with its station where the Flying Scooters is today. In the background is the Midway - before its overhanging porch was installed.

1926, PTC #36 Comes to the Park
Built in 1915, this Philadelphia Tobaggab Company machine first placed at Rochester's Seneca Park, and then swaped with the Long carousel operating at Sea Breeze in 1926. Originaly the machine needed no light fixtures, since the park closed at sundown. Lights were later added by George W. Long, Jr.

1945, Giggling Gertie
If you were taking a ride on the Subway, located under the Jack Rabbit, it was hard to miss Giggling Gertie. She stod over the ride entrance, laughing at everything. When Gertie was removed, some missed her face - but few missed her constant laughter.

1945, Take a Break at the Pagoda
After riding the Jack Rabbit, the Cterpillar, and the Subway, you could catch your breath at the Pagoda, a refreshment stand located where the Tilt-a-Whirl is today. Long a mainstay of the south end, the Pagoda offered 15-cent hamburgs and Anderson's Beverages.

c. 1946, The North End
A look northward offers a view of attractions like the Goofy Hpise, Hey Day, Loop-O-Plane, minature golf, Thunderbolt, the Sky Ride and a popcorn & peanot stand. A America rediscovers its love for summer fun, George Long buys the park and renames it Dreamland.

c. 1950, Live On Stage
Guests flock to see live acts at he main stage area, located where the Log Flume is today. From horse shows and lion taming to high wire acts, thousands enjoy a wide variety of exciting shows every weekend. The later growth of television marked the decline in the popularity of live acts.

c. 1950, Miniature Golf
In the 1950s miniature golf became popular, and the park built its own course. Located next to the Bobsleds, the course uses lanterns from the Virginia Reel to liven thing up; today the lanterns light up the Train Depot. Miniature golf at the park eventually gave way to more space for parking in the 1980s.

c. 1950, Staying on Track
The Scenic train takes you out for a beautiful view of Lake Ontario and Irondequoit Bay, at a spot where the water park is today. The original train cars were actualy mine cars, altered to carry passengers rather than cargo. Later the cars and engine were modified, capturing the old fashioned look that you see today.

c. 1960, Fairyland
Dreamland's new petting zoo is located behind the Bumper Cars, where the picnic groves are today. Visitors enjoy an assortment of animals like ducks, sheep, Henrietta the Tapir, and Spitzy the Llama. For an underwater view of the fish pond, you could walk into the mouth of a giant concrete whale.

c. 1960, Laughing on the Lightning Bug
Introduced in the mid-1940s, the Lightning Bug entertains guests of all ages for a number years in the spot where the Music Express stands today. Behind the Bug is the gift shop and barn of Fairyland, and just to the left is the Junior Coaster.

c. 1960, Over the Falls
Built in 1954 and powered by a giant paddle wheel, Over the Falls delivers the steepest flume drop in the world at the time. Other rides include a river boat ride on the Delta Queen and a trip on the scenic Train. Laterm the U-Drive-Em Boats appeared in the Pond.

1961, Monkeying Around
Designed to help promote the park at parades and other off-site locations, this Crosley truck was made out of two separate vehicles. The chimp in the back was on loan from one of the free acts performing at the park at the time.

1968, The Bobsleds
In order to make the ride more modern and exciting, park crews rebuild the Junior Coaster and create the classic Bobsleds coaster. Using a ten state-of-the-art tubular track design and adding a third story, the new ride becomes a George Long and Seabreeze original!

1975, The Seventies
A look north reveals plenty of fun on the Paratrooper, Hot Rods, Manhandler, Rock-O-Planes, Enchanter and more. It's also the time of Report Card Days, Kiddie Fun Day, Carlos' Tacos and C. Breezy, complete with his green polyester leisure suit. "Dreamland Park" changes its name to "Seabreeze" and a new era begins.

1976, George Long, the Carver
Upon retirement, George LOng devotes his energies and carving abilities to creating over 600 miniature horses. In addition to single horses, Long builds two complete working miniature carousels. One celebrates the country's Bicentennial; another miniature, shown here, is a duplicate of PTC #36 (seen in the background).

1977, The Gyrosphere This Seabreeze-designed ride featured a Scrambler inside an inflatable dome - and later a tension structure. The custom light, sight & sound show was updated periodically, but the most remembered music is "Fire On High" by Electric LIght Orchestra.

1992, Just Add Water Seabreeze begins adding water slides to its list of varied attractions in 1986. The combination of "wet and dry" attractions, a modern-day reflection of its proud history, continues to make the park one of the area's most popular destinations.

1996, A New Carousel is Born
After a devastating 1994 fire which destroys PTC #36 and other attractions nearby, the fifth generation of the Long family decides to build a new hand-carved carousel. This magnificent "revolving work of art" is the result of two years' hard work by a dedicated crew.

2004, A Spin on Things The debut of the unique Whirlwind spinning steel coaster is the perfect way to celebrate 125 years of fun. Other highlights of this time include the new Seabreeze Passport program and the return of live shows to the Center Stage. Look forward to another 125 years!

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 40 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Western and Atlantic Railroad Depot

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Georgia, Whitfield County, Dalton
Date of Construction: 1852
Builder: Western and Atlantic Railroad
Original Occupancy: Railroad Station

Here, during the Civil War on April 12, 1862, the engine "Texas," dropped off a telegraph operator with orders to warn the Confederate Army in Chattanooga that Union Raiders were coming with the engine "General."

(Railroads & Streetcars • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rocky Face Ridge Phase

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Georgia, Whitfield County, Dalton
Confederates withdraw to Resaca when Federal flank movement threatens their rear.

(labels)
Confederate position Rocky Face Ridge
Federal attack fails / Mill Creek Gap
Federal flank movement / Dug Gap


(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Battle of Mill Creek Gap

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Georgia, Whitfield County, Dalton
The Atlanta Campaign opened at 3:00 AM on the morning of May 7th as the bugles of McCook's Federal Brigade sounded reveille at their camps near Ringgold. Federal troops occupied the village of Tunnel Hill and approached Buzzard's Roost Pass, as Mill Creek Gap has also been called. After seeing the heights, some Federals commented that "buzzards are roosting (up there)" and waiting for us to die. Federal General George Thomas called it "a slaughter pen."

With the gap flooded by Southern engineers and with Confederates entrenched along Rocky Face Ridge, Federal Commander General William T. Sherman probed the Confederate positions at Mill Creek while he sent the 25,000 men of McPherson's Army of the Tennessee around Johnston's flank through Snake Creek Gap to cut the Confederate supply lines at Resaca, 15 miles to the south. Meanwhile, Sherman sent 60,000 strong Army of the Cumberland under General Thomas, to test the Confederate defenses northwest of Dalton.

Morgan's Federal Brigade crossed Mill Creek and advanced into the gap to attack Gibson's Louisiana Brigade of Stewart's Division on May 8th. Protected by stout earthworks and two redoubts line with artillery, the Federals had little chance to break through the Confederate defenses. In a series of attacks from May 8th to May 11th, Gibson's Brigade lost just 29 men, while Northern attackers sustained over 200 loses.

Along the railroad, Mitchell's and McCook's Federal Infantry Brigades pushed deep into the gap on May 9th until they reached Baker's Alabama Brigade which was posted along the low ridge to the east of the gap. Stovall's Georgia Brigade continued Stewart's defenses at the foot of the ridge, while Clayton's Alabama Brigade was positioned on top of the ridge, completing Stewart's line. With Stovall along the ridge spur, Standford's Mississippi Battery supported the Confederates and commanded the valley below. After initially driving in the Confederate pickets, the Federals found themselves in a pocket (the low lying area inside the gap) and surrounded on three sides. Defiantly, the Federals dug in under a barrage of Confederate artillery fire.

On May 10th, "rain steadily fell holding the pungent smell of battle smoke" in the valleys keeping the two sides at bay, recalled Sergeant Henry J. Aten of the 85th Illinois, as one of the heaviest rain storms in years drenched the exposed men. By evening, it turned cold as North Georgia's 'Blackberry Winter' set in.

The morning of May 11th brought clearing weather, but Johnston's intentions remained cloudy to Sherman from his post atop Blue Mountain. After being told that Johnston was evacuating Dalton, Sherman began withdrawing his forces to support McPherson. To keep Johnston busy, Sherman renewed the attacks at Mill Creek Gap. The result was disastrous as Stewart's forces had not evacuated. Despite facing three times their number, Confederates in this sector lost only about 65 men in five days, while the Federals sustained nearly 300 casualties.

With the bulk of Sherman's Army passing around Dalton via Snake Creek Gap, Johnston ordered the evacuation of Dalton on the evening of May 12th. By daylight on May 13th, the two armies were at Resaca, only 90 miles from Atlanta. Sherman had maneuvered Johnston out of 'Fortress Dalton' without a full-scale fight, but Johnston had slipped out of the Federal's trap to fight another day.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Livingston Parish

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Louisiana, Livingston Parish, Livingston
Created by legislature 1832. Named for Edward Livingston. Courthouse sites include:
Van Buren 1832-1835
Springfield 1835-1872
Port Vincent 1872-1881
Centerville 1881-1941
Livingston 1941-Present

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Haynes Settlement

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Louisiana, Livingston Parish, Springfield
One of the oldest Black Settlements in Livingston Parish; only one known to be shown on a map. Named for Haynes family. Property crossed by Brakenridge and Thomas RRs. Galilee Baptist Church est. in 1884 by Rev. C.C.Clayton.

(African Americans • Churches, Etc. • Railroads & Streetcars • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Midland National Bank

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
Organized on August 22, 1902, in Odessa as Odessa National Bank, this institution began with an initial capital of $25, 000. Less than one year later the bank's shareholders voted to relocate to Midland and the institution became Midland National Bank. The bank set up offices in the Llano hotel building at the corner of Wall and Main Street. Early leadership for the institution was provided by such prominent people as D.W. Brunson, Andrew Fasken, and Ralph Barron.

With its business largely dependent upon the cattle industry, the bank served its customers until a prolonged drought caused an economic crisis which led to its reorganization in 1923. By 1927 the oil industry had become the major business of the bank. Throughout the subsequent "boom and bust" years of the oil business, the bank has continued operations.

A new three-story bank building was erected in 1953 on the corner of Texas and Big Spring, and a nine-story tower was added four years after. In a continued period of growth, the bank merged with the Bank of the Southwest in 1968. A new fourteen-story building was completed at this site in 1976. In 1983 the bank's name was changed to First City National Bank of Midland.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Midland County's First Bank

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
First National Bank of Midland. Organized June 16, 1890. First officers were A. W. Hilliard, president; W.H. Cowden, vice president; and W. E. Connell, cashier.

Its financial stability has saved its customers from ruin in the face of drouth or other disasters over the years.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Valentine Pliska

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
Mechanical genius who made and flew first locally-owned aircraft. Born in Austria, Pliska came with parents to Texas, and after 1903 followed blacksmith trade in Midland. He built (1912) and flew at intervals up to 15 minutes an aeroplane of his own invention. (Plane now in museum at Midland-Odessa air terminal.)

Pliska was a master Smith. Gen. John J. Pershing had U. S. Army horses shod here during border trouble prior to World War I. Branding irons for a large west Texas area were also made here.

Pliska married Louis Hundle. They had seven children.

(Air & Space) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Brown-Dorsey House

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
Z. Taylor and Sara Brown moved their family to Midland in 1884. A rancher and merchant, Brown had this house built in 1899. Featuring carved wood details, an art glass window, and three fireplaces connected to a single chimney, the house is believed to be the oldest dwelling in Midland. Following the deaths of Sara Brown in 1922 and Z. Taylor in 1930, the house was inherited by their daughter Sara Brown Dorsey. It remained in the family until 1969. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark – 1965

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of “The Staked Plains”

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
First newspaper published in Midland County. Printed in 1885 in frame building once on this site. Copies were hand-set and hand-printed at rate of 5 per hour on old-style press. County court proceedings were printed at 75¢ per square inch. J. C. Rathbun was editor and publisher.

(Communications) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Yucca Theatre

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Texas, Midland County, Midland
Attracted by Midland's growing economy and the rapid development of the area's petroleum industry, T.S. Hogan announced plans for the construction of this facility in 1927. An oilman and former Montana senator, Hogan saw the need for a multi-purpose regional theatre to serve the growing population of the Permian Basin. He commissioned noted Fort Worth architect Wyatt C. Hedrick to design the structure. The result was an elaborate facade with intricate Gothic revival detailing. The interior was designed by H. B. Layman of New York and features characteristics of the Egyptian revival style.

The Yucca Theatre opened on December 5, 1929, after two years of construction. The premier included a screening of the Hollywood musical "Rio Rita" and a musical comedy revue by the jubilee players of New York City.

The versatility of the building's design made the Yucca Theatre suitable for a variety of activities. Despite the 1930s economic depression, it remained a popular place for traveling vaudeville shows, operas,recitals, and high school graduation ceremonies. Today it serves as a reminder of Midland's early growth as a center of the petroleum industry. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1981

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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