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Atterbury Army Air Field

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Indiana, Bartholomew County, Columbus

(Side 1)
Construction begun summer 1942 under Captain Stratton O. Hammon, who used broad authority over laborers, suppliers, and railroad; base in use February 1943. More than 1,000 workers employed during construction. Base was over 2,000 acres, cost over four million dollars, and included more than one hundred buildings, intended to be temporary.

(Side 2)
WWII uses included training B-25, B-26, and glider pilots; by 1944, wounded from Europe received here for Wakeman Hospital. Wounded soldiers during Korean War received here. Renamed 1954 to honor John Bakalar. Base closed 1970. Original building made into chapel; restored and named for Women's Air Service Pilot Jean Lewellen Norbeck 1990s.

(Air & Space • Churches, Etc. • Military • War, Korean • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Home of Thomas Andrews Hendricks

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Indiana, Shelby County, Shelbyville
Outstanding lawyer; member Indiana legislature; delegate, Second Constitutional Convention, 1850-1851; Indiana Congressman, 1851-1855; United States Senator, 1863-1869; Governor of Indiana, 1873-1877; and Vice-President of the United States, 1885.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Charles C. Deam

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Indiana, Wells County, Bluffton

(Side 1)
Born 1865 near Bluffton; died 1953. Resided most of his life on land south of here where house, study, and arboretum located. A Bluffton druggist, he was avid collector of botanical specimens throughout the state 1890s - 1920s. Documented important biological transition taking place between eras of virgin forests and intensive agricultural cultivation.

(Side 2)
Appointed Indiana's first State Forester (1909-1913, 1917-1928); Research Forster 1928-1940. Author of books on trees, shrubs, grasses, and flora of Indiana. Collections in Deam Herbarium, Indiana University, and Deam Arboretum, Bluffton. Charles C. Deam National Wilderness Area, 12,953-acre preserve, established in southern Indiana 1982.

(Horticulture & Forestry • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Wetmore Calaboose

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Kansas, Nemaha County, Wetmore


The Wetmore Calaboose was started November 20, 1882 and completed July 7, 1883 for a total cost of $263.40 which included the price for purchase of Block 22, Lot 20, from Elvis Campfield. The walls are 15" thick native stone. The inside ceiling and wooden door are covered with metal sheeting. The original jail had an earthen floor, but a concrete floor was laid many years ago after a prisoner attempted to dig his way out. The first prisoner in the newly erected calaboose was John Martin who was arrested Aug. 31st, 1883 for disturbing the peace and quiet of the city of Wetmore by getting drunk. He pleaded guilty and was fined $1.00. The total fee, including court cost, was $3.00. The Wetmore Police Log records the last arrest and incarceration on June 22nd, 1942.

The defendant was charged with disturbing the peace of the city of Wetmore and its inhabitants by appearing on the streets in a drunken condition and using vile and obscene language, and did resist the arresting officers by cursing and striking them. The felon's fine and court costs totaled $6.50. A.W. Dickson was Police Judge and Wm. Porter was City Marshal. Several names have been given of later prisoners, but to date no written account later than June 22, 1942 has been found. Two anecdotes supplied by local citizens were about John Rucker, City Marshal for several years. One told of a time during the depression years when many men who traveled "the rails" seeking work would seek out Mr. Rucker. Mr. Rucker would unlock the jail, let the travelers go into the jail, and he would then lock them in so they wouldn't be robbed. The other anecdote concerns a time when Mr. Rucker was trying to arrest a reluctant drunk and the culprit wouldn't cooperate. Mr. Rucker always carried pliers in the pliers pocket on the leg of his overalls, so he simply took out the pliers, pinched the culprit on the cheek with them and his prisoner moved right along.

(Charity & Public Work • Man-Made Features • Peace) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Goff Elementary & Goff Rural High School

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Kansas, Nemaha County, Goff


In honor of those who attended
Goff Elementary & Goff Rural High School -
the bell & brick are from the site
3 blocks north

(Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Shoe Tree

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Kansas, Nemaha County, near Wetmore


In 1909 when my grandfather moved to this farm on the west side of the road this tree was the size of a telephone pole. I played under it as a boy waiting on the mail man.

In about 1985 I started putting shoes on it. It has shoes on it from several states as far as Arizona. It measures about 23 ft at the trunk. Any shoes donated is appreciated.

(Horticulture & Forestry • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Original Town Well

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Kansas, Jackson County, Soldier


[Title is marker text]

(Charity & Public Work • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Veterans Memorial

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Kansas, Jackson County, Soldier


In Memory of
Veterans of All Wars

Dedicated May 30, 1933

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Patriots & Patriotism • War, Spanish-American • War, World I) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Geneva Downtown Historic District

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Indiana, Adams County, Geneva

(Side 1)
Adams County formed 1835. Geneva incorporation 1874 included early towns Alexander and Buffalo. During 1890s oil boom, population and businesses grew. Fire destroyed much of town 1895; Geneva Board of Trustees banned wooden buildings, mandated stone, iron, or brick buildings along part of Line Street.

(Side 2)
By end of 1895, twenty-four new brick business buildings completed here. District (144-455 East Line Street) retains look of late 1800s commercial center because most buildings were constructed concurrently, as evidenced by architectural details. Listed in National Register of Historic Places 2002.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Godfroy Reserve

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Indiana, Blackford County, Montpelier
Reserved by U.S. to Chief Francois Godfroy of the Miami National of Indians by treaty at St. Mary's, Ohio, 6 October 1818, 3,840 acres on Salamonie River at La Petite Prairie, Harrison Township, Blackford County; reserve lands sold 1827, 1836.

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

De Witt Pioneer Home

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Indiana, Shelby County, near Ray's Crossing
Peter De Witt erected on this site in 1821 the first home in what is now Union Township, Shelby County.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Civil War Memorial Cannon

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Indiana, Noble County, Kendallville
This cannon refurbished and maintained by VFW 2749 and American Legion 86 to preserve the memories of our veterans’ sacrifices in all wars Dedicated November 11, 1992

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mansions, Parks, and People

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District of Columbia, Washington
On your right is Josephine Butler Parks Center, home of Washington Parks & People, a network of groups devoted to DC and its parks. The network's 1927 mansion, which once housed the Hungarian delegation, was part of an embassy row envisioned by Mary Foote Henderson for this area. Henderson built a "castle" across 16th street for her family, and commissioned important architects to create an enclave worthy of important residents. Meridian Hill Park was also a result of her influence. In the 1980s, the park (by then also called Malcolm X Park) had become forbidding and dangerous, and the mansion was vacant. Then Friends of Meridian Hill came together in 1990. By the end of the decade, when Parks & People bought the mansion, the park again thrived. The first phase of the National Park Service's restoration of the park to its original design was completed in 2009.

The Parks Center, housing nonprofit groups, memorializes Josephine Butler (1920-1997), a union and political activist and educator who led Washington Parks & People at the time of her death. Just ahead at the corner of Euclid Street is the Embassy of Ecuador, formerly the Netherlands Embassy. Please proceed through the park and turn right on 16th Street to reach Sign 17. Along the way you'll see Warder-Totten House at 1633 16th. George Oakley Totten Jr. architect of the Parks Center, salvaged most of a house designed by his teacher renowned architect H.H. Richardson, and rebuilt it here in Washington.

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 17 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

U.S. Naval Academy Museum

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Maryland, Anne Arundel County, Annapolis
Founded as the Naval School Lyceum in 1845, this is among the nation's oldest museums. It contains two full floors of exhibitions. There is extensive coverage on the War of 1812 on the first floor to the left. Inside, too, is the original signal flag with the famous words "Don't Give Up the Ship" used to begin the Battle of Lake Erie on September 10, 1813.

Upstairs is the fabulous Henry Huddleston Rogers Collection of Ship Models dating from 1650 to 1850. There is a gift shop in the basement.

HMS Cyane Carronades

The two short cannons on either side of the steps were removed from the ship captured by USS Constitution, "Old Ironsides," in February 1815. Cyane was repaired and taken into U.S. Navy service. The short range, low velocity carronade takes its name from the 18th century Carron ironworks in Scotland where they were first made.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Santo Tomas Internment Camp

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Philippines, Metro Manila, Sampaloc, Manila

Through these portals passed up to ten thousand Americans and other nationals of the free world who were interned within these walls by the Japanese military. Suffering great physical privation and national humiliation from January 4, 1942, until liberated February 3, 1945, by the American Forces under General Douglas MacArthur.

(Notable Events • Notable Persons • Notable Places • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Trimmer Hill

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California, Monterey County, Pacific Grove
This property
Trimmer Hill
Has been placed on the
National Resister
Of Historic Places
By the United States
Department of the Interior

Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mission Cross

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California, Monterey County, Carmel-by-the-Sea
On this very spot
Fray Junipero Serra
erected the
mission cross
August 24, 1771

(Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Veteran's Memorial

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Kansas, Jackson County, Soldier


[Seals of the Armed Services]

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, 1st Iraq & Desert Storm • War, 2nd Iraq • War, Vietnam) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Early American Baptisms in California

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California, Monterey County, Carmel-by-the-Sea
Honoring
Four Early Americans in California
They came to this coast as seamen and remained as settlers
Baptized in this Mission
George Mayo, of Plymouth, Mass., on 3 August, 1816
Thomas W. Doak, of Boston, Mass., on 22 November, 1816
Samuel Grover, of Malden, Mass,. On 2 June, 1817
Baptized at the Royal Presidio, Monterey
Marcus Messon, of Boston, Mass., on 23 May, 1818

(Churches, Etc. • Notable Events • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Junípero Serra/Establishing the California Missions/The Ave Maria Bell

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California, Monterey County, Carmel-by-the-Sea
Junípero Serra Serra played a decisive role in the European settlement of the New World. He was born Miquel José Serra in Petra on the Mediterranean island of Mallorca on November 24, 1713. Though not an assuming figure and plagued by ill health much of his adult life, he brought Christianity and Spanish culture to California. The first half of his life was spent in Mallorca; the second half was dedicated to developing missions and administering to native peoples in remote regions of New Spain (later Mexico) including Sierra Gorda, Baja California and Alta California (today the State of California).

Bright, earnest and deeply religious at an early age, he chose to become a Franciscan, adopting the name of Junipero after an ardent disciple of St. Francis of Assisi who founded the Franciscans. Serra was ordained a priest shortly before Christmas, 1737. He earned his doctorate in sacred theology at Lullian University in Mallorca’s capital of Palma and in 1743 was named to the chair of Theology. Two of his students, Francisco Palou and Juan Crespi, became lifelong associates in Serra’s missionary work.

Junípero Serra long dreamed of going to the New World as a missionary. In 1749 Fray Serra, now 36, began the treacherous journey across the sea to New Spain and for the next 19 years dedicated himself to missionary work in Mexico. Between 1750 and 1758 he revitalized five missions in the Sierra Gorda region. In 1767 the Franciscan were asked to take over the 13 missions of Baja California. Serra was appointed padre-president and while there founded Mision (sic) San Fernando Rey de España de Velicata. In 1768 Don José de Galvez, the Visitador General of New Spain, was planning a land and sea expedition to settle Alta California, and Serra was selected to be founder and president of the Alta California Missions.

Establishing the California Missions Joining the expedition led by Don Gaspar de Portolá, Serra arrived in San Diego in 1769 and established the first Alta California mission. In 1770 the parties set out for Monterey Bay where the central settlement of Alta California and the second mission was temporarily located. He moved the mission in 1771 to the Carmel River, six miles to the south, in order to benefit the natives and to take advantage of better water and agricultural conditions. The Carmel Mission (Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Rio Carmelo) became the headquarters for the California Mission System and is now designated a National Historic Landmark. From here personnel and supplies were sent throughout Alta California, ultimately supporting 21 missions.

Between 1769 and 1782 Fray Serra founded the first nine missions in Alta California, San Diego de Alcalá, San Carlos Borromeo del Rio Carmelo, San Antonio de Padua, San Gabriel Archángel, San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, San Francisco de Asís, San Juan Capistrano, Santa Clara de Asís and San Buenaventura. The remaining missions were founded under the guidance of Fray Fermín Francisco de Lasuen and his successors. By the end of 1783 the missions had attained a level of self-sufficiency that Serra had envisioned years earlier.

Fray Junípero Serra overcame political and physical adversity with his dedication and sustaining faith, and left as his legacy the foundation of Californian. This devoted and selfless missionary died at the Carmel Mission on August 28, 1784 at the age of 70. The natives mourned the loss of their beloved Fray Serra. His body rests under the Carmel Mission Basilica’s main alter. Honoring him is a cenotaph in the Mora Chapel adjacent to the Basilica and this Serra Memorial Wall. A statue of the blessed Junípero Serra, on of the giants of California history, stands in Statuary Hall in our nation’s Capitol Builbing.

A Lasting Tribute This wall was erected in 2011 as the centerpiece of the Carmel Mission Foundation’s Tricentennial Capital Campaign to restore and preserve the historical buildings of the Carmel Mission. It is intended as a celebration of the 300th anniversary of Junipero Serra’s birth in 1713, as well as a lasting tribute to those 300 donors whose generosity is helping make the Mission’s restoration possible. Of the seven plaques on the wall, the upper two are narrative commemorations of Father Serra’s life as his work. The five lower plagues recognize the campaign’s major donors.
The bell, Ave Maria, is a fitting adjunct to the setting as its history parallels that of the Mission and symbolizes the Mission’s historical resilience. Ave Maria was cast in Mexico City in 1807 and was installed at the Mission in 1820. When the Mission was secularized after 1834 the bell was removed by local Indians for safekeeping and ultimately secreted at St. Patrick’s Church in Watsonville. Over time the bells whereabouts were lost but it was re-discovered and restored to the Mission in 1925, 105 years after its original installation. Ave Maria subsequently cracked through usage but a grant to the Foundation for the restoration of the bells allowed for an exact duplicate to be cast in Holland in 2010. The bell now hangs in Ave Maria’s original setting on the South side of the bell tower where it is visible from the memorial wall.

Taken together, the wall, the life and history of Junipero Serra, the donor plaques and the old bell are intended as lasting reminders of the history and significance of the Carmel Mission and a caring public’s commitment to maintain it into perpetuity.

(Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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