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Butler Short Line

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, near Gibsonia
Butler Short Line electric streetcar passed this spot as it ran between Pittsburgh and Butler carrying passengers and freight from May 1st 1907 until April 22nd 1931

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Davis Home

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Texas, Hill County, Hillsboro
1900 Victorian Home of
Edward S. Davis, Civic
Leader, Banker, Engineer.
Has Fine Ornamentation,
Tiles, Windows.
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark 1965

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Danish Customs House

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U.S Virgin Islands, St Croix, Christansted
This building was the third stop in the local chain of commerce. After conducting business at the Scales and Guinea Company Warehouse, merchants and planters paid import and export taxes to Danish customs officials here in the ground-floor offices.

The Customs House is linked in other ways to the historic structures. Most have been neoclassical architecture modified for the tropics. Note the louvered windows to regulate light and air flow, the outer shutters, for hurricane protection and the second floor awnings on sun-facing walls. The architecture reflects cultural life and mix of European and island styles.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Steeple Building

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U.S Virgin Islands, St Croix, Christansted
This building was the first Danish Lutheran church on the island—one of the few government buildings not directly involved in international trade. From 1754 to 1831 the Steeple Building was the embodiment of the Danish state religion. All government administrators as well as the fort’s garrison were required to worship there. Official proclamations, such as the abolition of the Danish slave trade, were read from the pulpit.

Like the Scale House and Guinea Company Warehouse, the Steeple building evolved. Rather than undertake mostly repairs, in 1831 the Lutherans bought the Dutch Reformed church on King Street. There you can see original furnishings from the Steeple Building: the altar, pulpit, chandeliers, baptismal font, and governor’s box.

The Church of our Lord God of Sabato (the Steeple Building’s official name) has been restored to its ca. 1800 appearance. The yard behind the church was the cemetery for the congregation

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Establishment of Virgin Islands National Park

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, Cruz Bay
The Virgin Islands government had proposed a territorial park for the Reef Bay region of St. John as early as 1937. This led to feasibility studies by the U.S. Department of the Interior to determine if the resources of St. John warranted the inclusion of the island in the National Park system. After World War II, both a National Recreation Area and National Park were considered.

While Laurance Rockefeller provided the necessary funding for the purchase of the land that would eventually become a park, it was the urging of land owner and real estate developer Frank Stick that resurrected federal and territorial interest for the establishment of a national park unit on St. John.

St. John Senator Julius Sprauve, Sr. introduced local legislation for the establishment of Virgin Islands National Park. He was also integral in Territorial requests to the Department of the Interior for improved roads and trails to facilitate the proposed “winter resident trade.” Homesteading provisions for St. Johnians were sought as a means of ensuring a reliable food source for both residents and anticipated visitors. In the mid-1950’s, with the gradual growth of tourism and development in the Caribbean, many St. John land owners either donated or sold land to Laurance Rockefeller with the intent to ensure the preservation of the natural beauty of the island. Today, Virgin Islands National Park consists of about half of the island of St. John

(Landmarks) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Laurance Rockefeller

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, Cruz Bay
In 1956 Laurance S. Rockefeller, financier and conservationist, donated over 5,000 acres through the Jackson Hole Preserve for the establishment of Virgin Islands National Park. While sailing the Caribbean in 1952, he became enchanted with the people and the unspoiled beauty of St. John. The unique natural, cultural and historic resources of the park are protected in perpetuity, thanks to his vision and generosity.

(Charity & Public Work • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Philanthropy in the National Park Service

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, Cruz Bay
Private philanthropy has a long history and important role in the development of America’s National Park system.

Charitable donations by the Rockefeller family, notably by Laurance S. Rockefeller, helped to establish, enlarge or improve national parks across the United States. From Maine to Hawaii and Alaska to the Virgin Islands, over two dozen national park sites, including Acadia, Great Smokies, Grand Teton and Yosemite have benefited from his generosity and conservation ethic.

The Mellon family has also contributed significantly as has Walter and Leonore Annenberg at sites nation-wide.

Philanthropy continues to ensure that our national treasures are protected for future generations. The National Park Foundation, National Park Trust and Trust for Public Land are just a few organizations that secure land for the continued protection and preservation of national parks. Other non-profit organizations, corporations and private citizens act individually and collectively in cooperative preservation partnerships.

Advocacy groups such as Friends of Virgin Islands National Park are increasingly playing a vital role in supporting park units in the advancement of the Mission of the National Park Service. Equally important is the generosity of volunteers who are the spirit of many of many philanthropic groups, who unselfishly give their time and individual expertise in the support of the National Park Service.

(Charity & Public Work • Landmarks) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Poultney Civil War Monument

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Vermont, Rutland County, East Poultney
To our country's defenders of Poultney,VT. Erected in grateful memory of their heroic service by Mrs. Josephine L. Lewis in memory of her husband Col. Judson A. Lewis.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Annaberg Historic Trail

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, St John
As you wander the ruins, picture the thriving 18th-19th century sugar factory: big rollers crushing the cane, juice pouring down to the boiling room, and everywhere the thick scent of rum and molasses. This was the Danish plantation era, when sugar dominated the island for 150 years.

The ¼ mile walk takes about half an hour. For your safety, and to preserve the historic structures, please do no climb on the ruins.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Slave Quarters

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, St. John
Primarily used for sleeping and household storage, typical “wattle and daub”’ huts with woven stick walls (wattle), dirt floors, and tyre palm roofs comprised Annaberg’s slave quarters on the slope below. The exteriors were plastered (daubed) with fresh cow dung, clay, or a mixture of sand, lime, and water. The bedding was made of sacks stuffed with coconut husks. Cooking and chores were done in the surrounding yard.

(African Americans) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Windmill

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, St John
If there was a steady breeze, cane was brought to the windmill. Revolving sails turned a central shaft, rotating the rollers and crushing the stalks. Juice ran down the rollers into the gutter and flowed downhill to the factory. The windmill, as well as the rest of the factory, was built between 1797 and 1805. It could produce more juice than the horsemill, and involved fewer people and no draft animals. The now-missing turret carried axle and sails, and could be turned into the wind.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Horse Mill

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, St John
When the breeze died, mules, horses or oxen plodded an endless circle in the sun while slaves fed cane to the rollers. A box at the base caught and held the juice until the factory called for more.

In the early 1900’s, after the sugar industry declined, a cattle farmer built the cookhouse on the far side of the platform.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Boiling Room

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U.S Virgin Islands, St John, St John
Intense heat. Steam rising from huge cauldrons. A foreman shouting to watch the last copper. This empty ruin was once the heart of Annaberg’s sugar operation. Workers ladled the cane juice from kettle to kettle, gradually concentrating and purifying the boiling liquid. They then poured the juice into flat wooden pans where it cooled and crystallized into sugar. Timing was critical. If juice were removed too soon from the last kettle, it became molasses instead of sugar crystals.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Native American Village and Ceremonial Site

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U.S Virgin Islands, St Croix, Christiansted
This site marks the only point on the United States Territory where members of the crew of Christopher Columbus came ashore on his second voyage to the New World in November 1493. It also relates to the first recorded altercation between Europeans and the native people of the western hemisphere, at a point on the other side of the bay, known as “Cape of Arrows”. The site on which you stand was a Native American village and ceremonial site, and includes the site of the only known ball court (or batey) in the lesser Antilles. Later after the demise of the native population on St. Croix, an earthen fort was erected, the remains of which can be seen, and was successfully occupied by European powers, including the English (1641-1645-50), Dutch (1642-1645, and French (1650-51) (1665-1733). In 1788 a Danish Customs House was built nearby to thwart smuggling, and during the 1920’s. Danish archaeologists carried out extensive excavations on the prehistoric village site. Department of Natural Resources Virgin Islands State Historic Preservation Office

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Oldest Union Church in America

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Vermont, Rutland County, East Poultney
Founded eight years before religious liberty was made constitutional 1780

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ebenfeld Centennial

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Kansas, Marion County, near Hillsboro


The first organized Mennonite
Brethren Church in North America

From the Steppes of South Russia
to the Plains of Central Kansas

“When your children shall ask their
fathers in time to come, saying, what
mean these stones? Then ye shall let
your children know….
….that all the people of the Earth
might know the hand of the Lord, that
it is mighty; that ye might fear the
Lord your God forever.”
Joshua 4:21-24

Ebenfeld M.B. Church
125th Anniversary
1876 - 2001

(Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Historic Elgin

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British Columbia, Greater Vancouver Regional District, Surrey

Community Building
The first permanent structure in Elgin was the Elgin Hotel (1870). It was built as a convenient stop-over point for travellers between New Westminster and Blaine.

In 1875, four years before the incorporation of the District Municipality of Surrey, the first public church service was held in a simple log cabin built by John Brewer, who had settled in the area in 1870.

William Brewer is attributed with building the first community hall in 1878. Built on the banks of the Nicomekl River, it was known as ‘Misery Hall’ because at low tide you had to climb over a muddy dyke in order to reach it.

Elgin was also the site of the first commercial logging operation in Surrey. In 1875 Alexander and William McDougall started a logging camp in the Elgin area. The Nicomekl River was an essential link in towing logs to New Westminster for sale to the Royal City Planing Mills.

From 1862 to 1875 a pioneer trail was built between Semiahmoo Bay and the Fraser River at Brownsville. This wagon road was the only passable land route south from New Westminster to Blaine. In 1865, Western Union augmented this communication route when it surveyed a telegraph line which passed through Mud Bay. Where the telegraph trail crossed the Nicomekl River, near its junction with the Semaihmoo trail, a community known as Elgin emerged.

Early Residents
The first recorded homesteaders in Elgin were Hugh McDougal and Samuel Hardy in 1861. They both preempted land, built log cabins and began to clear land. However, they appear to have left by the time of Municipal incorporation in 1879.

Other early settlers in the area included William John Brewer (1870), Alexander McDougal (1872), Harry and John Chantrell (1873), Daniel Johnson (1880) John Stewart (1880), and Ed and John Loney (1890).

The pioneer homes evolved from simple log cabins to elegant Victorian farmhouses. Few of these historic buildings remain in Elgin today. As a consequence, the buildings that have survived are highly treasured reminders of the community’s heritage.

Historic Elgin in the 21st Century
The historic buildings of Elgin include the Stewart Farm (1894-1920), the Daniel Johnson House (1904), Elgin Hall (1923), and Elgin Centre School (1921). As you visit these buildings and sites, please respect the contributions of past residents in creating these legacies. Preserved heritage symbolizes the people and community spirit of the City of Surrey.

(Notable Buildings • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Minor Theatre

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California, Humboldt County, Arcata
The nation's oldest theatre built for feature films was opened on December 3, 1914, by Isaac Minor with a silent film based on Charles Dickens' "The Chimes" directed by Herbert Blaché starring Tom Terriss.

Arcata Historic Landmark #28
This program is possible through a partnership with property owners, City of Arcata, Arcata Main Street and Historical Sites Society of Arcata

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Pacific Lumber Company

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California, Humboldt County, Scotia
Their first sawmill was built in 1887 at their current location and employed 150 men to turn the giant redwoods into shingles and other products.

Originally named Forestville, the town name was changed to Scotia in 1888. Scotia is own of the last company-owned towns. With a population of 1200, almost everyone works for the Pacific Lumber Co. Today there are two sawmills in Scotia, including Mill B, the world's largest redwood lumber manufacturing facility, built in 1910. The Pacific Lumber Company is Humboldt County's largest private employer, providing jobs for nearly 1600 people. Dedicated to preserving a heritage, producing high quality redwood and douglas fir lumber products and continuing that tradition for the future.

Dedicated by Grand Parlor
Native Sons of the Golden West
Jesse M. Garcia Grand President
February 14, 1998

(Horticulture & Forestry • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Deception Pass

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Washington, Island County, Oak Harbor
To the north of this narrow passage is Fidalgo Island, so named for the Spanish explorer, Lieutenant Salvador Fidalgo. To the south is Whidbey Island, second largest island in the contiguous 48 states, which Captain George Vancouver, while exploring this region in 1792, first thought to be a peninsula. Further exploration conducted by him disclosed the existence of this intricate channel. Upon realization that he had been deceived as to the character of the large island, Vancouver gave to this channel the name of Deception Passage and in naming the island he honored his trusted officer, Joseph Whidbey.

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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