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Frances E. Willard

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Chicago, Illinois.

Founder of the World's
Woman's Christian Temperance Union

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Politics • Charity & Public Work) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


Firefighters Memorial

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Chicago, Illinois.

In Memory of
Members of the
Volunteer Fire Department
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Firemens Benevolent Association
Organized 1847
Chartered 1852

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This monument was
erected in 1864
to honor all the courageous
Volunteer Firefighters of Chicago
Rededicated October 7, 1979
Chicago Firefighters
Union No. 2

[Honor Roll]
Jacob Held 1867 • S. Cunningham 1867 • Geo. H. Rankin 1870 • G. W. Sherman 1871 • Joseph C. Sparr 1880 • Alexander McMonagle 1880 • William Wachter 1883 • John McLean 1887 • Jeremiah Weller 1887 • George Ernst 1890 • August D. Pattei 1893 • John Cleland 1898 • F. W. Taplin 1899 • Ernst Reinecker 1902 • James Maxwell 1904 • Oliver J. Kugelman 1984 • William R. Kotowicz 1991 • Daniel Vinson 1994 • Charles E. Gamble 2001

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Man-Made Features • Charity & Public Work • Disasters) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Clark Oak

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Newport News, Virginia.
In 1935 a seedling from the Emancipation Oak was planted at Booker T. Washington Elementary School.

The Emancipation Oak, also known as the Butler Oak, is located on the campus of Hampton Institute (now Hampton University) in Hampton, Virginia. Under this tree the Emancipation Proclamation was read to a gathering of slaves in 1863, telling them of their freedom.

The seedling was obtained by Asa Sims, a horticulturist at Hampton Institute. A ground breaking ceremony was sponsored by the Everblooming Garden Club of Newport News on Thursday, January 17, 1935.

The Clark Oak was named for Norris Berkeley Clark (1856-1940). Mr. Clark was a graduate of Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute (now Hampton University), where one of his schoolmates was Booker T. Washington. An attorney and educator, Mr. Clark was the first principal of Booker T. Washington Elementary School (1929-37). He also served on the school board in Newport News (1896-1900), being the fist African-American to serve in that capacity.

(Horticulture & Forestry • African Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Montgomery Lodge R.A.M.

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Stillwater, New York.
Site of Montgomery Lodge R.A.M. Chartered 1791; hall built 1806 first floor was early village school.

(Churches, Etc. • Education) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Fontenelle Bank - County Courthouse

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Bellevue, Nebraska.
This building of handmade bricks was constructed in 1856 to serve as the Fontenelle Bank. During the financial Panic of 1857 the Fontenelle Bank failed as did most of the other poorly backed wildcat banks in the Nebraska Territory.

In 1861 by authority of the Territorial Legislature the building was acquired by Sarpy County for use as the courthouse. In 1875 the County Seat was moved to Papillion. The city of Bellevue then utilized the building as the Town Hall until 1960, when a municipal building was completed. In 1961 Mrs. Harold D. LeMar purchased the building for preservation. In 1969 this rare structure was entered in the National Register of Historic Places. with the aid of a grant for historic preservation from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the building was purchased by the City of Bellevue and restored. In the history of Nebraska, buildings such as this have given service as the transition has been made from frontier settlements to modern communities. It has been preserved as one of the earliest public buildings in the State and remains a tribute to the heritage of Bellevue and Nebraska.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Village of Plainfield

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Plainfield, Illinois.

Plainfield is reported to be the oldest community in Will County, situated along the DuPage River it quickly became a summer suburban vacation spot for much of northern Illinois. Before automobile travel on the Lincoln Highway became the preferred mode of transportation, interurban railroads were established such as the Aurora, Plainfield & Joliet Railroad. This electric rail line served to further boost Plainfield's own transportation system and connected the three communities.

To promote travel and encourage weekend travel to the area, the Aurora, Plainfield & Joliet Railroad opened Electric Park to the public in 1904. The fabulous park offered lavish gardens flanking the banks of the DuPage River, as well as athletic grounds, bandstands, dancing pavilions and the 5,000 seat auditorium featuring a large pipe organ. Cabins featuring electric, gas and water service were also available to the vacationer.

The Village of Plainfield remained easily accessible to Lincoln Highway travelers and continued to grow and prosper; developing into the county's fastest growing community at the time.

Throughout the nation parks that were accessible by interurban rail lines were a popular destination for weekend entertainment. Over time with the emergence of paved roads there was less need for interurban transportation. This caused financial hardship for the electric line and Electric Park closed in 1932.

While Traveling the Lincoln Highway...
• Lincoln Highway Interpretive Murals now in Creston, DeKalb and Rochelle with forty more planned along the highway.

• Lincoln Highway Interpretive Exhibit is located in the Dixon Welcome Center.

• Lincoln Highway's First Concrete Mile, the Seedling Mile, is located in Malta.

• Interactive Kiosk in Aurora, check web site for location.

Check the web site for locations of the Lincoln Highway Traveling Exhibit.

www.drivelincolnhighway.com

The Interpretive Gazebo Project was partially funded through a National Scenic Byway Grant from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), with support from the Village of Plainfield. The project was coordinated by the Illinois Lincoln Highway Coalition, the management agency for the Illinois Lincoln Highway National Scenic Byway. Grant funds were provided to tell the history and heritage of the Lincoln Highway in Illinois and stories of our corridor communities.

Images provided by Debra Olsen

(Railroads & Streetcars • Entertainment • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Graves Family Monument

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Chicago, Illinois.

Erected by Henry Graves,
son of Dexter Graves, one of the pioneers of Chicago. Dexter Graves brought the first colony to Chicago, consisting of thirteen families arriving here July 15th, 1831 from Ashtabula, Ohio, on the schooner Telegraph and father and son remained citizens of Chicago till their death.

This lot contains the remains of
Dexter Graves, died April 29th 1844
aged fifty-five years
His wife Olive Graves, died July 30th, 1849
aged fifty-eight years and five months

Their children
Lucy, died January 24th, 1844
aged eighteen years and ten months
Emiline, died February 9th, 1844
aged eight years and nine months
Loring, died September 11th, 1852
aged thirty-eight years and ten months
and thirteen days, and
Henry Graves, died October 3, 1907
aged eighty-six years and one month
and twenty-four days
Clementine, wife of Henry Graves
died February 24th 1881
aged seventy-three years and four months

(Settlements & Settlers • Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Town of La Crosse

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La Crosse, Virginia.
La Crosse became the junction of the Atlantic and Danville Railway and the Seaboard Air Line Railway in 1900. Surveyed as early as 1748, the area was known as Piney Pond by 1767, for a body of water that no longer exists. When a post office was established here in 1890, the region was known as La Crosse. The Virginia General Assembly incorporated the town of La Crosse on 15 February 1901. Around the railroad tracks, a business district, which included two depots, a bank, and a several stores, then prospered. The rail tracks were removed by 1990.

(Settlements & Settlers • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Keane Wonder Mine

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Death Valley, California.
During the first two decades of this century the Keane Wonder Mine was the scene of major investment and development. The products of this labor were the riches - gold and silver.

About 1903, Jack Keane, prospector, discovered gold in this area of the Funeral Mountains. The ore was of such high quality the mine sold for $150,000 before any development had started. In late 1907, the Keane Wonder Mining Company completed construction on an ariel tramway and mill. (This photograph represents how the mill and lower portion of the tramway looked in 1907).

The tramway, consisting of eleven wooden towers, transported ore from the mine to the mill, a distance of 1 mile (1,6 km) and a drop of 1,300 feet (396 m). The ore, carried in large buckets, moved by gravity down the tramway on cables which also provided mechanical power to operate the crusher up near the mine.

At the mill, gold and silver were separated from the rock by a stamp milling process. This operation can be compared to a nut (ore) being struck by a hammer (the stamp) whose blow separates the valueless shell (the quartz rock) from the valuable kernel (the gold and silver). The pulverized ore mixed with water flowed over silver-coated copper plates, an amalgamation, process which arrested the valuable particles and allowed the rest of the material to pass over the plates and out of the mill. The processed "waste" material was put through another chemical operation, a cyanide plant, which extracted more gold and silver.

The gold, silver and some lead harvested from the mine and processed in the mill was hauled by wagon to Rhyolite, Nevada, the closet railhead. Even the famous steam tractor "Old Dinah" made a couple of trips pulling precious loads before breaking down on top of Daylight Pass.

During the peak years, 1909 through 1911, 73,989 tons of ore were processed yielding $682,209.69 - and average of $9.22 per ton. The mine was reported to have ceased operation in 1916, when "...the developed ore bodies were worked out." Reliable estimates have put the total production figure of the Keane Wonder Mine at $750,000.

Each piece of rusty mining machinery and every bit of timber represents a part of Keane Wonder's intriguing past. Please do no remove or disturb anything. Leave it for others to discover and enjoy.

NOTICE: There are many hazards associated with old mining areas. Use caution when walking around.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Steamboat Springs

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Reno, Nevada.
These natural hot-springs are notable for their curative qualities. They were nationally acclaimed by President Ulysses S. Grant when he visited them in 1879.

Early emigrants so named them, because of their puffing and blowing. Located in 1860 (by Felix Monet); a hospital, with adjacent bathhouses, was subsequently added by a Doctor Ellis (1861-1862).

The Comstock mining activities and the coming of the Virginia and Truckee Railroad in 1871, caused Steamboat to became a terminal. Here materials for the silver mines were transferred to freight wagons for the steep haul to Virginia City. The completion of the tracks abolished the need for a junction, but its resort popularity was to reach its peak with the Bonanza Days.

To its "fine hotel, commodious dance-hall and elegant bar, came the legendary silver kings, politicos, gamblers and news chroniclers, escorting the lovely ladies of stage and opera house."

With borasca, attendance waned; fires destroyed the luxurious buildings, but the therapeutic waters remained, not only for health seekers, but for conditioning athletes - even producing mineral muds sought by cosmeticians and race horse owners.

(Natural Features • Natural Resources) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Broadnax

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Broadnax, Virginia.
A community of mills, warehouses, homes and stores sprang up with the construction of the Atlantic and Danville Railway in the 1890s. A combination freight and passenger station was located at Brodnax shown here in 1948. Bales of cotton, timber and other commodities shipped from Brodnax by rail until the 1950s. An abundance of cucumbers and peaches grown nearby were graded, packed and shipped from the town. One of the old grading stations is located at the Whitby Produce market which continues to provide an outlet for local produce.

For many years prior to its decimation by the boll weevil, cotton was a major crop in the region and the Dugger Cotton Company had the largest cotton market in Virginia. The Brodnax Cotton Mill established in the 1930s has evolved into Brodnax Mills, which now produces specialty yarns of natural and synthetic materials.

The town was bustling in the 1950s with a post office, hardware stores, three furniture stores, five grocery stores, lunch room, numerous shops—a department store, clothing, and two general merchandise stores; five gas stations; service establishments for plumbing and heating, shoe repair, barber; and a pulpwood center, saw mills and a planing mill to support the booming wood industry.

(captions)
Top to Bottom:
Brodnax circa 1905 A&D Crossbars visible at end of Main St Carolyn D. Spencer
Brodnax Freight & Passenger Station William E. Griffin Jr.
Dugger Cotton Company

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Geiger Station

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Reno, Nevada.
Seven-tenths of a mile east of this marker was Geiger's Station, the largest station on the Geiger Grade Toll Road, the main thoroughfare between the Comstock Lode and the ranches of the Truckee Meadows. Located at the site were a toll house, three blacksmith shops, three barns, several corrals and an inn named Magnolia House.

During the boom years of the Comstock Lode, the 1860s and 1870s, the station was crowded with freight outfits, stagecoaches, and weary teamsters. Passing travelers could stop off at the inn for a drink or a quick meal.

Following the extension of the Virginia & Truckee Railroad to Reno in August 1872, the toll road fell into disuse, and a few years later it became a public highway. Magnolia House continued operating until 1915. Social activity at the inn included dances, attracting residents from Virginia City, nearby valleys, and the Truckee Meadows.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Fight of the Century

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Reno, Nevada.
On this site on July 4, 1910, Reno hosted "The Fight of the Century," a heavyweight championship boxing match between John Arthur "Jack" Johnson, the black title holder, and James J. "Jim" Jeffries, a former champion seeking to regain the title he had vacated in 1904. Jeffries had refereed a previous championship bout between Marvin Hart and Jack Root at this site on July 3, 1905, but the promotion of the ex-champion as "The Great White Hope" focused world-wide attention on his 1910 contest with the talented Johnson, known as the "Galveston Giant.". Gamblers had their money on Jeffries, but Johnson easily handled his opponent and Jeffries' trainers called the fight in the fifteenth round to save their man from the disgrace of a knockout.

Promoted by Tex Rickard, the fight brought over 30,000 fans to Reno, some 22,000 of whom packed the arena here on the day of the fight.

(Sports) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lake Mansion

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Reno, Nevada.
Washington J. Marsh built this house in 1877. Myron C. Lake, regarded as a founder of Reno, purchased it in 1879, and ownership passed to his divorced wife, Jan, in 1881. This Italianate-style house has been moved twice and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gold Bug Stamp Mill

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Auburn, California.
The Gold Bug stamp mill was built in the 1880s in the Tahoe National Forest. The Gold Bug Mine, one of many smaller hardrock mines located throughout the Mother Lode, was established to protect the ownership of the main quartz vein of the Eagle Bird Mine. This was the result of the 1878 mining law which allowed the mine to follow the vein to its apex. In association with the U.S. Forest Service, the mill was removed in 1996 for reconstruction at this site by the members of Auburn Parlor No. 59, Native Sons of the Golden West.

(Natural Resources) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rolling Post Office

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Broadnax, Virginia.
Until about 1967, the U.S. Postal Service used the railroads to handle mail on designated routes. The mail was handled in special railroad cars usually moved on passenger trains, designated as Railway Post Office (RPO) cars. The RPOs were actually post offices on rails and staffed by postal employees. Mail was sorted en route on the moving train. Sorted mail pouches were delivered to stations when the train made a stop or thrown off as the train passed.

The operation of handling mail as a station without stopping was called “mail-on-the-fly.” It was used where the exchange of mail was too small to justify the stopping of a train and allowed trains to exchange mail without slowing down. At the station mail was placed in a heavy canvas catcher pouch, which the station agent hoisted to the arm of the mail crane located beside the tracks.

As evidenced by the postcard above, a mail route operated on the Atlantic & Danville corridor probably through the 1940s when the Southern Railway operated passenger trains over the railroad. Handling of mail over the A&D ended with termination of passenger service by the Southern Railway in 1949.

(captions)
Top to Bottom:
• 1932 postcard shows the cancellation stamp for a mail route on the N&D Railroad William E. Griffin Jr.
• Catcher pouch waiting for pick upWilliam E. Griffin Jr.
• Interior of a Seaboard Air Line Railway postal car where the clerks sorted the mailWilliam E. Griffin Jr.
• Train Official operates the catcher arm for mail deliveryWilliam E. Griffin Jr.
• SAL No. 4 in Bracey, VA Wiley M. Bryan

(Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

NSGW Hall - Eden Parlor No. 113

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Hayward, California.
This is the former site of
Eden Parlor No. 113 N.S.G.W. Hall
1890 to 1936

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Von Schmidt

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near Verdi, Nevada.
This cast iron obelisk was one of only four such monuments set by Allexey Von Schmidt during his survey of the California Nevada boundary in 1872-73. It was intended to mark a point on the 120th meridian, the border line between the two states north of Lake Tahoe. In addition to these four monuments Von Schmidt set stone mounded mile posts along the entire 612 mile boundary from Oregon to the Colorado River.

The boundary line was disputed in 1850 and in 1863 this argument led to bloodshed during the Roop County War. A partial survey of the line was conducted in 1863 which was later proved to be in error. In 1872 Von Schmidt was commissioned by the U.S. General Land Office to correct that line and to settle the boundary dispute once and for all.

The boundary between the states remained in dispute until 1980 when the United States Supreme Court accepted Von Schmidt's survey from Lake Tahoe north to Oregon. The court rejected his boundary line from Lake Tahoe south to the Colorado River in favor of a later survey by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Henness Pass Road

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Verdi, Nevada.
The Henness Pass Road was a major immigrant trail from the Truckee Meadows to the California gold fields. In the 1850's it was improved and became a toll road. In 1860 Felix O'Neil built a bridge over the Truckee River, east of this place and near the existing bridge. His stage stop was known as O'Neil's Station. For a time, Verdi was known as O'Neil's Crossing.

After the discovery of the Comstock Lode in Virginia City, Nevada, the route served as the primary supply road for the mines. It continued to be a major transportation route through the Sierra Nevada Mountains until the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869.

The Henness Pass Road was included in the Lincoln Highway, the country's first transcontinental highway system. It continued to carry wagon and later automobile traffic between Truckee and Verdi until the completion of the last portion of the Victory Highway (later Highway 40) through the Truckee River Canyon in 1925.

(Settlements & Settlers • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The American Thoroughbred in Brunswick

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Broadnax, Virginia.
The Thoroughbred is a horse breed synonymous with racing. All modem Thoroughbreds trace back to three stallions imported into England from the Middle East in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. English Thoroughbreds were imported into North America starting in 1730. Diomed, brought to Virginia in 1798, significantly impacted American Thoroughbred breeding, mainly through his son, Sir Archy.

Ralph Wormeley of Brunswick owned and raced Sir Archy briefly circa 1807. Prominent horse breeder, James J. Harrison of Diamond Grove Plantation on the Meherrin River owned offspring of Sir Archy including sons Sir Charles and Timoleon—both 19th century stars as sires and racers. Harrison also spearheaded the development of a United States studbook like the English volume.

Racing and horse breeding were at their peak economically and socially in early 19th century southern Virginia. There were numerous racetracks in the region including Diamond Grove, Lawrenceville and Charlie Hope. By 1830 there were county races twice a year, spring and fall, lasting four days, with gala balls, parties in homes, fox hunts and excursions. Many a woman, it is said, invested a fortune on attending the races with an elegantly dressed daughter in an attempt to ‘marry her off.’- Gay Neal

During the Civil War both the Confederate quartermasters and Union raiders had taken crops, livestock including thousands of horses for their troops. Coupled with the devastated post-war economy, the horse industry declined locally.

(captions)
Many racehorses foaled in America descended from Sir Archy, including legends Secretariat, Man O’War and Seabiscuit seen here.
Horse Racing Trophy Jim Baney
Dressed to win a trophy
Sir Archy

(Colonial Era • War, US Civil • Sports • Animals) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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