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Miguel Hidalgo

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Costa Rica, San José, San José

Miguel Hidalgo
1753-1811
Padre de la Independencia Mexicana
del pueblo de Mexico
al pueblo de Costa Rica
Gustavo Diaz Ordaz
Presidente Constitucional de los
Estados Unidos Mexicanos
1966

English translation:
Miguel Hidalgo
1753-1811
Father of Mexican Independence
from the people of Mexico
to the people of Costa Rica
Gustavo Diaz Ordaz
President of the United States of Mexico
1966

(Patriots & Patriotism • Wars, Non-US) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Andrés Bello

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Costa Rica, San José, San José

Don Andres Bello
1781-1865
Donacion del
Dr. Luis Herrera Campins
Presidente de la Republica de Venezuela
A Costa Rica en ocasión del
Bicentenario del nacimiento
del gran sabio venezolano
29-noviembre-1981

English translation:
Andrés Bello
1781-1865
Donated by
Dr. Luis Herrera Campins
President of the Republic of Venezuela
To Costa Rica on occasion of the
200th anniversary of the birth
of the Venezuelan genius
November 29, 1981

(Colonial Era • Arts, Letters, Music • Patriots & Patriotism • Wars, Non-US) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hoagland Cemetery

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New Jersey, Hunterdon County, Ringoes
In an 1889 Ringoes magazine, James Monroe Hoagland wrote of a cemetery of about 100 graves. It has been obliterated by plowing but was located in the field to your right. John Hoagland and other early farmers and settlers are said to have been buried here.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Step into the Past

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New Jersey, Ocean County, Bayville
Initially settled because of Atlantic white cedar lumbering operations, Double Trouble Village became active, self-contained cranberry production community from the early 1900s through the 1960s. The village, sawmill, cranberry bogs and processing facilities have survived allowing us the chance to step back in time and explore the historic lumber and cranberry industries of New Jersey.

Take a walk through the village and imagine what it would have been like to live and work (or go to school) in a small, self-contained company town.

(Inscriptions under the photo in the center)
Pickers Cottage (c. 1940) Pickers’ cottages housed seasonal workers-including family groups. Every year 30-40 migrant workers arrived on Labor Day weekend and stayed until Thanksgiving. They worked exclusively in the bogs handpicking cranberries. This building is now an information center with restrooms.

Company Foreman’s House (c. 1900) This was the year-round home of the “head” foreman who oversaw the management of the cranberry and sawmill operations.

Double Trouble School (operated 1893-1915) This one room school is the oldest remaining structure in the village. It was established to serve the children of the lumbering community and survived to serve the children of the cranberry workers.

Burke House (c. 1900) This was the home of the Burke family from 1938 until 1957. Mr. David Burke was foreman of the cranberry processing operations until 1967, when his son took over.

Garage and Machine Shop. The oldest part of this structure housed the blacksmith and repair shop for the cranberry and sawmill operations. Today, this building houses park operations and maintenance shop.

Cranberry Sorting and Packing House (Built 1909-1916, with additions in 1919 and 1921-25) This building was the hub of the cranberry harvest. Here, hand-scoped cranberries were sorted according to size and quality and then packed for market.

General Store (c. 1920) The general store provided the early villagers with staples such as oatmeal, flour, pork and sugar. From the 1930s until it closed, convenience items like candy, cigarettes and gloves were sold.

Shower Room. The shower room was a shared facility, with separate men’s and women’s rooms. Each room had two shower stalls. The women’s side also had a laundry sink.

Bunk House (c. 1900) Also called the “communal house” this is where single workers lived during the seasonal cranberry harvest. ---Pickers’ Cottage (1953).

This exhibit was supported by the National Park Service’s Challenge Cost Share Program. Village photograph courtesy of George Chase. Historic photographs courtesy of New Jersey Archives, Department of State. Special thanks to George Burke for his insight and advise.

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Captain Joshua Huddy

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New Jersey, Ocean County, Toms River
Revolutionary War Patriot led his men at the Block House Battle on the banks of the Toms River. Was captured and hung by the British at Graveley Point, Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey on April 12, 1782. He gave his life for American independence.

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Anchor from the Aircraft Carrier USS Randolph CV-15

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New Jersey, Ocean County, Toms River
Served with distinction during Kamikazi attacks in the Pacific Theatre during World War II. It later joined fleets in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and played a part in America’s early space program. Returned John Glenn, the first American to orbit the earth, to Grand Turk Island for medical exams.

This anchor is also a symbol that represents the early shipping commerce on the Toms River which helped build the village as a commercial center.

(War, World II • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Elizabeth Sculthorp Force

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New Jersey, Ocean County, Toms River
Elizabeth Schulthorp Force (1902-2007) brought national fame to Toms River Schools and community with courses in Family Relationships and Social Behavior, designed and taught by her to local high school students from 1942 to 1957. News of both her excellent teaching skills and the challenging content of her courses spread rapidly throughout the country. Elizabeth subsequently decided to devote her life to national, international, and United Nations’ efforts to promote and strengthen the quality of family life.

“As an adolescent seeking clues and clips about what would be expected of me as future citizen, worker, husband and father, I eagerly embraced what Mrs. Force had to offer. Looking back from the perspective of fifty years, I now fully appreciated the brilliance of her classes."

(Education) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Birthplace of Wilford Woodruff

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Connecticut, Hartford County, Avon

Wilford Woodruff, fourth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, was born 1 March 1807 in a section of Farmington, Connecticut, known as Northington (now Avon). He and his parents, Aphek and Beulah Thompson Woodruff, lived in a modest home approximately three-fourths of a mile west of this site on the north side of Old Farms Road on Avon Old Farms School property. Their farm of about 40-acres had a saw and grist mill and a kiln for drying corn.

Well-educated and well-read for his time, Woodruff attended school until he was eighteen, including four years at the prestigious Farmington Academy. Inquisitive, industrious, and with a love of learning, he was also a serious student of the Bible and religion who searched for light and truth.

He was baptized into the Church on 31 December 1833 after accepting the message of Latter-day Saint missionaries. Woodruff’s contributions to his church and country were numerous, and the impact of his vision and leadership were far-reaching.

He was a man of many talents, much energy and compassion. He served missions for the Church in the United States, Canada, and the British Isles, personally baptizing more than 1,800 people. Wilford Woodruff was ordained an Apostle in 1839. He also served as a Church historian for more than 30 years before becoming President of the Church in 1889. In 1890, he issued the Church manifesto discontinuing the practice of plural marriage. In 1893, He dedicated the Salt Lake Temple.

His understanding of compromise and of when to stand firm in the principles of his beliefs made him a valued member of church and community. He served in Nauvoo, Illinois, City Council in 1841, joined Brigham Young’s pioneer company to the Salt Lake Valley in 1847, sat in the lower house (1851) and in 20 sessions of the upper house of the Utah territorial legislature, and helped Utah become the forty-fifth state of the nation in 1896.

Woodruff served as president of the Deseret Agricultural and Manufacturing Association; organized the General Church Board of Education to direct Church schools, academies, and colleges; and in 1894 incorporated the Genealogical Society of Utah, which would become the largest repository of family research in the world.

Of all his many accomplishments and personal characteristics, he was, most of all, a humble man of God.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Train Station & Smith’s Forest

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New Jersey, Burlington County, Eastampton
The Burlington County Railroad completed its line to Pembarton in 1861. The benefits of the railroad had a great influence on the village of Smithville. The route provided access to Philadelphia with only an hour’s ride and connections to Boston and Washington, D.C., which cities could be reached in a day.

The Smithville railroad station stood nearly a half-mile below the creek and the main section of the village. The Jacksonville-Vincentown Road crossed the tracks nearby and connected the station with the upper village.

Turning north from the train station and traveling the main road toward the upper village, one could see a large stand of hardwood trees which began two-hundred or so yards to the east. Known as “Smith’s Forest,” this grove served the workers as one of the main recreation areas in the village. The forest consisted mainly of mature beech trees covering about forty acres on the dry upland area south of the Rancocas Creek. Residents took walks and drives among the trees, making it more of a pleasure park than anything else.

This area provided a pleasant refuge during the summer and groups from Mount Holly, as well as local villagers frequented these woods. Smith charged no admission to the forest and revelers often held picnics and dances here.

(Inscription under the images at the top)
Left: The warehouse was located next to the rail line. Above: Part of the warehouse can be seen to the left of the train station.

(Inscription in the upper right)
“Smith’s Forest was a popular destination not only for those living in Smithville but also from neighboring towns, such as Mount Holly.

“H.B. Smith Esquire of Smithville as his usual progressive spirit has been laying out his woods between his place and Evansville in a neat, beautiful manner.” Mount Holly Herald, August 1, 1874

(Inscription beside the image on the right)
Left: A view of the railroad tower. Right: The Smithville railroad station seen about 1900. This station building was built in 1884, replacing an earlier structure.

(Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars • Horticulture & Forestry) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Smithville Lower Village

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New Jersey, Burlington County, Eastampton
H.B. Smith’s machinery warehouse was the largest structure in the lower village. It stood across the main road from the Smithville railroad station.

The construction of new houses on Forest Avenue in the lower village took place in 1886. These new dwellings provided homes for the mechanics and their families. The monthly rent amounted to about $8. They had generous yard space for gardens and fruit trees and the yards featured white picket fences. The Smithville School stood in the lower village of Smithville. Constructed in 1899, the new school replaced the original school, housed in a building occupying the corner of the mansion property.

The Smithville Methodist Episcopal Church faced the Smith Company warehouse across the road. A clapboard structure, it measured 27 feet by 37 feet with a bell tower over the entrance. It cost $1,397.84 to build in 1877.

(Inscription under the image in the upper left)
Smithville School, built in the lower village near the pond in 1899.

(Inscription under the image in the upper right)
Smithville school class of 1925.

(Inscription under the image in the lower center)
Left: Back view of a duplex workers’ house on Forest Avenue, about 1925. The houses featured two and one-half story construction. They contained three bedrooms, a living room, dining room and a large kitchen. Right: A view of the lower village.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Smithville Historic District

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New Jersey, Burlington County, Eastampton
A model industrial village was built here for the H.B. Smith Machine Company.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Historic Smithville Park

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New Jersey, Burlington County, Eastampton

Village on the Rancocas Creek
The industrial history of this site goes back to the days of the early colonists who set up sawmills and gristmills, harnessing the natural power of the Rancocas Creek. In the 1830s, the Shreve Brothers, Jonathan and Samuel, purchased the land for a textile manufacturing facility called Shreveville. The manufacturing village initially prospered, but an economic slump in the cotton industry during the 1850s forced the Shreves to shut down their operations and abandon the property by 1857.

In 1865, H.B. Smith removed his company from Lowell, Massachusetts to here. A rural site with abundant natural resources and located near major east coast cities, the village provided the ideal site for the production of Smith’s patented woodworking machinery. Smith paid a paltry $20,000 for 45 acres and a village full of buildings. H.B. Smith improved and expanded the existing town structure to create his vision of a model industrial village—“Smithville”.

(Inscription under the image on the upper left)
A Utopian Vision
Hezekiah and Agnes Smith arrived in Burlington County during 1865 with a vision to create a model industrial village that fostered worker welfare to gain increased productivity.

(Inscription under the image on the upper right)
The Factory Complex
Smithville was a major production facility shipping to Philadelphia, New York, Washington and beyond. About a quarter of all woodworking machines sold in the nation during the late 1800s were from the H.B. Smith Machine Company.

(Inscription beside the image in the center)
The Village
In creating the industrial village, H.B. Smith invoked a strong sense of social and cultural values to create a healthy and happy workforce. As a result, Smithville possessed a distinct advantage over the grim and crowded conditions usually found in nineteen century industrial urban centers.

(Inscription under the image in the lower left)
The Mansion
Jonathan and Samuel Shreve originally built the Greek Revival mansion in 1841. Smith added to it extensively during his tenure. The interior of the mansion was no less impressive, as Smith continually added rooms including among other things, a billiard room, bowling alley, poker room and a bar.

(Inscription under the image in the lower right)
The Farm
H.B. Smith’s impressive farm complex stood directly across the main road from the mansion grounds and included barns, wagon sheds, tool houses, stables, corn cribs and a slaughterhouse. A 120-foot high tower with an observation deck also stood here.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

An Industrial Village

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New Jersey, Burlington County, Eastampton
H.B. Smith purchased the old village of Shreveville in 1865 and renamed it “Smithville.” The map of Shreveville, which accompanied the notice of sale, depicts three rows of houses. Shortly after Smith purchased the property, he razed the houses on Park Avenue, replacing them with new dwellings in 1870. The designs for these homes included a sitting room, dining room, kitchen, and two bedrooms. Smith retained existing houses along Maple Avenue that conformed with this style. This included the entire row along the north side of Maple Avenue.

He removed most houses on the south side, however perhaps due to their deteriorated condition. He did not replace these homes, which allowed the Park Avenue homes to feature considerable larger back lots. As a result of these changes, Smithville contained fewer workforce accommodations than Shreveville once possessed.

By 1883 Smith’s model industrial village encompassed nearly 500 acres and the residents numbered about 300. The number of persons per house averaged just five. The company rented homes primarily to married men with families. Eight families in the village provided room and board for about 22 men. The company employed few women and no children under the age of 16.

(Inscription beside the image in the upper left)
View of the mansion and village looking west from the top of the observation tower on the Smithville farm.

(Inscription under the images on the upper right)
Left: Children sitting in front of a worker’s home on Maple Avenue, date unknown. Right: The brick homes on Maple Avenue in 1900. These houses were built prior to 1865, for the Shreveville workers.

(Inscription beside the image on the lower right)
Left: A row of worker’s brick homes looking down Maple Avenue towards the Smith mansion. Right: Two women sitting outside one of the brick homes.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Eldorado Canyon

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Nevada, Clark County, near Nelson
Eldorado Canyon, the site of a mining boom, runs east from here to the Colorado River. Prospectors began digging for gold and silver here, about 1859, forming the Colorado Mining District. The three largest mines, the Techatticup, Wall Street, and El Dorado Rand Group, yielded over $6,000,000.
This portion of the Colorado River was navigable before the construction of Hoover Dam, allowing steamboats and barges to freight good 350 miles from the California Gulf to the mouth of Eldorado Canyon and upriver. The steamboat era peaked in the 1860s, but continued to the turn of the twentieth century.
In 1867, the US. (sic) Army established an outpost at Eldorado Canyon to secure the riverboat freight and protect miners in the canyon from Native Americans. The military abandoned the camp in 1869. In the 1870s, the mines flourished again, producing ore until World War II.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Palmer House Hotel

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Illinois, Cook County, Chicago
This massive hotel, once the world's largest, bears the name of Potter Palmer, one of Chicago's most important businessmen. It is designed in the Classical Revival style with French Neoclassical influences. Interior spaces of note include the grandly-scaled and elaborate hotel reception lobby, Empire Room, Red Lacquer Room, an Grand Ballroom. At the corner of State and Monroe streets is arguably Chicago's finest-surviving historic retail storefront and interior, originally built for C.D. Peacock jewelers.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Deadly Flash Flood

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Nevada, Clark County, near Nelson
It looked like a big, black wall of water. There were maybe two or three waves. all carrying something, vehicles upside down. Manuel Cortez, Las Vegas Review-Journal
On September 14, 1974, a flash flood roared down Eldorado Canyon and swept the Nelson's Landing marina, which was down below you, into Lake Mohave. Forty-one people escaped in time, but nine others downed. The (?) foot-high wave carries 38 vehicles, 23 boats, boat slips, trailers, cabins, a restaurant, and a store into the lake.
"The cloudburst didn't move over canyon in a normal pattern," said Murl Emery a boating guide, "if followed the line of the stream and moved right down the landing." The U.S. Geological Survey said 5.12 inches of rain fell in the canyon that day.


(Disasters) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

El Palo Nuevo

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California, Santa Clara County, Palo Alto
On November 8, 1789, Don Gaspar De Portola and his expedition in search of Monterey Bay, camped beside San Francisquito Creek near a century-old redwood tree long a landmark for the Indians. The tree named El Palo Alto, became a symbol for the city of Palo Alto, California, and on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the incorporation of the city, this coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) was planted in J. Pearce Mitchell Park, and dedicated as El Palo Nuevo, a twin symbol. February 1, 1969.

(Horticulture & Forestry • Exploration) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

J. Pearce Mitchell Park

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California, Santa Clara County, Palo Alto
J. Pearce Mitchell Park, built in 1957, was one of the first of a new type of community park based on active recreation for leisure living. The design for this park and its playground served as important examples for many other parks and playgrounds in the United States and aboard during the decades to follow. The noteworthy plan of Mitchell Park came from landscape architect Robert Royston, whose innovative design solutions have given the park its special character.
The park is named after J. Pearce Mitchell (1880-1973), a longtime City Council member, Mayor, Stanford University Registrar and chemistry professor.
By 1998, many elements in the park, particularly the "tot play area." required renovation. The Palo Alto City Council recognized the importance of Mitchell Park as a community resource and funded three phases of park renovation between 2000 and 2007.

(Man-Made Features • Environment • Architecture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The "H" Wall

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Nevada, Clark County, Las Vegas
Created in1962 by architects Wayne McCallister and William Wagner and YESCO design staff. The three-story concave panel of interlocking neon "H" elements formed the corner bullnose for the casino's façade on Fremont Street. At the time, the Horseshoe façade claimed to be the largest use of neon worldwide, with more than 8 miles of tubing.
The "H" wall was sponsored and restored with funding provided by the Robert S. and Dorothy J. Keyser Foundation.

(Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jerry's Nugget

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Nevada, Clark County, Las Vegas
This Jerry's Nugget cabinet rotated atop a vertical tower of letters spelling "Nugget", advertising the popular North Las Vegas local's casino. Circa 1970s, the sign incorporates skeleton neon and hand lettering for lively day and night viewing.
This sign was restored through a generous gift from casino founder Angelo Stamis in honor of the casino's 50th anniversary. Dedicated November 12, 1014.

(Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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