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James Thomas Fitz-Gerald, Jr.

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Tennessee, Marion County, South Pittsburg
(side 1)
Born July 13, 1920 in South Pittsburg, James “Jim” Thomas Fitz-Gerald, Jr. was appointed to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1940. Interested in aviation since childhood, he graduated in the first class of “Wings of West Point”. Assigned in April 1944 to the Eighth Air Force in England, he was taken prisoner in August after his plane was shot down over Germany during his twenty-eighth combat mission. He was a POW in Stalag Luft III Prison until liberated in April 1945.
Continued

(side 2)
After World War II, Fitz-Gerlad, a U.S. Air Force Captain and decorated veteran, was assigned jet-propelled aircraft development at Wright Field in Dayton, Ohio. Transferred to California's Muroc Air Base, Fitz-Gerald piloted Bell's "XS-1" rocket plane to Mach 1.1 in his first attempt on February 24, 1948, to become the second man to break the sound barrier. Fitz-Gerald died on September 20, 1948, from injuries sustained in a September 9 plane crash in Van Nuys, California. He is buried at West Point.

(Air & Space • Exploration • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Stagecoach Travel

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Wisconsin, Shawano County, Angelica
An early American method of public transportation prior to the railroad was the stagecoach. This sign commemorates the various routes that served Shawano and other localities. The most notable route was from Shawano to Green Bay with an overnight stop in Angelica. This route began around 1894 and ended in 1906. On January 1, 1908, the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad began passenger service on their new line from Eland to Green Bay.

This is the site where the 21-room Wescott House was located. It served as an overnight stop for stagecoach passengers and also housed a Post Office and General Store. Sometime around 1945 the building was removed by Mike Powers and Herb Rusch with some of the lumber being used for the construction of their homes.

In addition to the passengers, the stage also carried the mail and made drop-offs and collections along the route. Traveling by stage was somewhat risky because of hold-ups, mail robberies and horse runaways. At times a stage would tip over because of the condition of the road.

From the Pineries to the Present Heritage Tourism Area 2007

(Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Texas Society, Sons of the American Revolution

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Texas, Galveston County, Galveston
In 1889, during the Centennial of the inauguration of George Washington as first President of the United States, a group of Revolutionary War soldiers' descendants gathered in New York to form a society to promote awareness of the Revolutionary War period. Named the National Society, Sons of the American Revolution, the organization inspired the formation of a state society in Texas in 1896.

Meeting at the Tremont hotel, which formerly stood at this site, a group of Texans organized the Texas Society, Sons of the American Revolution on December 8, 1896, electing as president former speaker of the Texas House of Representatives Ira Hobart Evans (1844-1922).

The Texas society was admitted into the national society in 1897, and the founding group became the state's first chapter, Galveston No. 1. Since the late 1920s, over thirty chapters have been established across the state.

Texas society chapters have been active in promoting awareness of the Revolutionary War period through the pursuit of patriotic, educational, and historical objectives.

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

County of Allegheny Law Enforcement Officers Memorial

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, Pittsburgh
Dedicated
August25, 1996
Rededication
Saturday May 17, 2003
County of Allegheny
Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, Inc.

(Charity & Public Work • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bethel Methodist Church

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Delaware, Kent County, Andrewville
The roots of Methodism in this community can be traced to the late 18th century, when Methodist pioneers such as Francis Asbury traveled throughout this area spreading the message of their faith. Over time some church members became dissatisfied with the organization and government of the established Methodist Episcopal Church. As a result, the Methodist Protestant Church was founded in 1830. Soon thereafter a group of local Methodists affiliated with the new church began to meet at or near the homes of its members. In 1838 the congregation was formally organized as Bethel Methodist Protestant Church, being the first of this denomination in Kent County. A church was constructed at this location for the use of the congregation. It was rebuilt in 1871, extensively remodeled in 1904, and rededicated in 1905.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hixon Cemetery

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Indiana, Parke County, near Mecca


Hixon Cemetery

Established 1853


A Historic Cemetery Listed in
Indiana’s Cemetery and Burial Grounds
Registry of the Indiana Department of
Natural Resources

Installed 2008 Indiana Historical Bureau
and Hixon Cemetery Association Ltd.



(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 12 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Cline Building

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Oklahoma, Kay County, Newkirk


William S. Cline had this building constructed in 1925. This was the same year that the Kay County Courthouse and the Masonic Temple were constructed in Newkirk. The Cline Building is illustrative of the influence of the Art Deco style. Mosaic tiles are used for the street level facade and entry. The building has a polychromatic appearance by the use of red brick separating the stories and red brick trim outlining the shape of the structure both horizontally and vertically. The use of glazed turquoise tile also contributes to the polychromatic effect.

Until 1983 the lower floor has always been utilized as a drug store. Stahlhut's Drug Store occupied the ground floor when the building was completed. In later years Charles Adams, Don Adams, Ralph Henderson and Buddy Hayes operated drug stores here.

W.S. Cline and his son Bill, both attorneys, had their law offices upstairs . The second floor includes four rooms, a large central library, a reading room and separate offices for the two attorneys. W.S. Cline served as State Senator of Kay and Grant Counties from 1915 to 1919 and again from 1923 to 1927. Bill served as State Representative in 1931 and 1932.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Science & Medicine • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kay County Abstract Building

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Oklahoma, Kay County, Newkirk


Dick Sherbon of Ponca City received the bid to erect this building for the Kay County Abstract Company in 1926. The bids for the building ranged from $4,400 to $5,700.

This red brick structure was limited to one story because of the Masonic Temple to the south. The windows of the lodge rooms for the Temple were not to be blocked by a two story building. A decorative green facade at the top of the building resembles clay tile to give the building a Spanish flair.

Kay County Federal Savings and Loan was born during the Depression in the summer of 1934. Marion T. Rigdon was employed soon after the firm was organized and, except for a few years' military leave during World War II, managed the company until he retired in 1975.

Originally, Kay County Federal was located in the Albright Title & Trust building before moving across the street in the First National Bank building. In July of 1948, Kay County Federal purchased this building from the Bertha Meek estate for $4,500.

In 1974 Kay County Federal merged with Sooner Federal, the largest savings and loan in Oklahoma with assets over one billion dollars. In September of 1990, it became a division of First Gibraltar Bank, F.S.B., San Antonio.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cherokee Strip

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Oklahoma, Kay County, near Chilocco Indian School


September 11, 1893
Thousands of Americans gathered in this township preparing to make the run for homesteads in the Cherokee Strip, a tract of land 58 miles wide, opening 6,500,000 acres for White settlement bought from the Cherokee Nation by the U.S. Government for $8,300,000. President Grover Cleveland and Secretary of the Interior Hoke Smith arranged to have 9 canvas booths placed within 100 ft. of the Kansas State Line where each eager American must make 7 affidavits and declarations to register.

At noon September 16, 1893 more than 100,000 people took part in this, the greatest race in the history of the world. Later, at 4 Land Offices located at Perry, Enid, Alva, and Woodward, each settler paid about $2 an acre for his claim.

This marker erected by the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in Oklahoma on Sept. 16, 1954.

(Native Americans • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Cherokee Strip

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Oklahoma, Kay County, near Chilocco Indian School


To commemorate
the Opening
of
The Cherokee Strip
September 16, 1893

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Native Americans • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Oklahoma, The Indian State

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Oklahoma, Kay County, near Chilocco Indian School


Land in this area was granted to Cherokee Indians by U.S., 1828. Opened to White settlement, 1893. Kaw Indian Tribal Reservation, 5 miles east. There was located land allotment of Hon. Charles Curtis, Kaw Indian, Vice President of U.S., 1928-32.

(Native Americans • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Brown Marsh Presbyterian Church

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North Carolina, Bladen County, Clarkton
Organized prior to 1756. Present building constructed 1818—the third on site. First two buildings of logs. Was also used for secular education until 1848. Among early ministers: H. McAden, Jas. Hall, S. Stanford, C. Lindsay.

(Churches, Etc. • Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chilocco Indian School

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Oklahoma, Kay County, near Chilocco Indian School


Academic, agricultural, vocational training for Indian youth from over U.S. Established by Act of Cong. 1882. Jasper M. Hadley 1st Superintendent. Handsome buildings of stone erected, and first pupils - Kiowa, Comanche children - entered Jan. 1884. First graduating class was in 1894.

(Education • Native Americans • Politics) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Brown Marsh Presbyterian Church

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North Carolina, Bladen County, near Clarkton
Organized prior to 1756 by Scottish settlers. Present building constructed 1818. Third building on site. First two building of logs. Was also used for secular education until 1848. Some early ministers: H. McAden — Jas. Hall — S. Stanford — C. Lindsay.

Entered on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior September 2. 1975

(Churches, Etc. • Education • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Cherokee Strip

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Kansas, Cowley County, near Arkansas City


Dedicated to
the many thousands who pioneered
The Cherokee Strip
September 16, 1893
Thousands gathered in this area to start a
new frontier, six million acres of Cherokee
Indian land was opened to homesteaders.
Tension, danger and hardship were the
order of the day

Arkansas City, Kansas

(Native Americans • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Santa Fe Locomotive Engine No. 2542

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Kansas, Cowley County, Arkansas City


(Front)
Engine 2542 was built in 1910 by the American Locomotive Company in Pittsburgh, PA., for the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railway. In 1929, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway purchased the KCM & O Line and assigned this engine to the Newton, KS terminal. This engine is a "2-8-0" which means there are two front wheels, eight driving wheels, and no rear wheels. In 1955, the engine was moved from Newton, KS to Arkansas City and placed on the siding track at the Standard Oil Bulk Station. The A.C. Andrews Construction Company moved the engine six blocks down Birch Street to Wilson Park. The move was accomplished by placing temporary track down and using compressed air to move the engine weighing almost 100 tons. The relocated engine was placed on a concrete pad and dedicated during the 24th Annual Arkalalah Celebration that same year.

The following people helped in the moving of the locomotive: Engineers: J.O. Guffry, Tom Bender, H.S. Gibson, R.C. Gibson, H.B Bartlett, and George Wylle, Section Foreman Jim Dill.

(Back)
The following is the dedication speech by John Landreth, General Manager AT&SF
——————
To a railroad man a locomotive has always been a thing of life and power, and it always seems to me a ceremony of this kind is a fitting last rite for a thing we have labored with so long. I've often thought of the countless number of people who have heard its whistle at all hours, enjoyed the fruits of its labor, hauling goods from far away places as it crossed the states so many times, and of the men who have run her - not the least of whom were boys from six to 60 who vicariously ran her as they watched her go by. "It is for those little men to come we join you in setting aside this engine that they too, may have a part of her, the like of which has helped to build our great nation."

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Korean War Liberty Tree Memorial

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Kansas, Cowley County, Arkansas City


In memory of the
men, women & POW-MIA
who fought in the
Korean War
1950 - 1953

Dedicated November 11, 2003

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bethel Shipyard

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Delaware, Sussex County, Bethel
With the incorporation of the Lewisville Marine Railway Company in 1871, Bethel’s reputation as a center for ship repair and construction was firmly established. Approximately 40 vessels were built here before the last ship was launched in 1918. Many were “sailing rams”, uniquely designed and among the largest type of sailing vessels constructed in the Chesapeake Bay area.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Court House Hill

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Maryland, Worcester County, Pocomoke City
Site of second known court house of Somerset County on March 1, 1694, the court purchased land near Dividing Creek and erected a structure 50 feet by 20 feet, "with gable ends of brick." The court house functioned until 1742.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Company C 194th Tank Battalion

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California, Monterey County, Salinas

[First Plaque:]
On the morning of February 18th, 1941, one hundred and five brave men of Company C 194th Tank Battalion of the Salinas and Pajaro Valleys marched four abreast down Main Street, through what is now called Old town Salinas, toward the train station. They were on the first leg of a journey that would take them into the annals of military history for which they will forever be known for their bravery, suffering and enormous self sacrifice. As they marched through Salinas toward the train depot the rain fell and the town people waved them farewell and God Speed. For many of those remarkable men, this would be the last time they saw the faces of their hometown neighbors.

After completing training in Fort Lewis, Washington, they boarded a ship on September 8th, 1941, in San Francisco Bay and set sail on a voyage of more than 6,000 miles to Clark Air Base, Luzon, Philippine Islands.

On December 7th, 1941 the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor without warning or provocation. While the world’s attention was fixed on the smoldering scenes from the Hawaiian Islands, that Monday morning (Manila Time) the men of Company C were facing a sustained Japanese attack from the air that destroyed nearly all the planes of the U.S. Far East Air Force.

Shortly thereafter, an invading Japanese ground force began operations on the island. These were the first ground battles fought between American and Japanese forces during World War II, and the 194th Tank Battalion was the first United States armored unit to face off with the Japanese. Through sheer bravery and selfless sacrifice, the men of Company C and other U.S. Army and Philippine units held the enemy at bay, and during those numerous battles and skirmishes, inflicted a heavy price on the Japanese forces. The tenacity and bravery of the men of Company C was a harbinger of the American spirit that the world had not witnessed and the Japanese had not fully considered. The men of Company C were put on half rations to stretch the diminishing resources of the unit. With no backup force or re-supply capacity, the men of Company C and their Philippine brothers in arms fought a 124-day bloody, running battle for control of the island, and finally, Bataan.

[Second Plaque:]
Their supplies, medicine and ammunition at almost zero and their physical condition weakened by lack of food, they knew that another prolonged engagement with a well-supplied, well-armed enemy would end in slaughter.

Relying on the assurances of treatment of prisoners of war as laid out in the Geneva Convention, the officers ordered the men of Company C and other U.S. forces to destroy the remaining workable equipment and weapons to prevent them from being used by the enemy, and to step forward to the waiting Japanese forces on April 9th, 1942.

The Japanese assembled the men of Company C along with the remains of other U.S. Army units and many brave Philippine nationals who had served shoulder to shoulder with the American troops. The treatment of the prisoners was brutal and merciless from the beginning.

Starting on April 10th, 1942 they were force marched to San Fernando along the Bataan Peninsula, eventually reaching Camp O’Donnell prison camp. These men were denied the basics of food and medicine. The notorious chapter that will forever mark their place in history was just beginning. For more than sixty miles no provisions were made for the ailing, wounded or weak. The tropical sicknesses that ripped through the ranks of the weakened men were made ten-fold worse by the inhumane starvation and beatings at the hands of the enemy. The order was “march and keep marching.” The accompanying Japanese guards revealed a brutality and cruelty that took the lives of many men along that infamous march. Approximately 70,000 Filipino and US soldiers started the journey, only 54,000 reached the camp. The town of Salinas lost more men per capita in that march than any other town in the United States. That march became known at the time, and will forever be known as: “The Bataan Death March” Accounts from survivors reveal that if the march momentarily stopped, marchers getting dirty drain water from a roadside ditch would run the risk of being shot on sight by one of the guards. If a prisoner collapsed from dehydration and weakness in the tropical heat, he ran the risk of being bayoneted or beheaded on the spot.

[Third Plaque]
Many of the survivors of the march owed their lives to fellow soldiers who aided and carried them part of the way. This humanitarian act of kindness cost some of the marchers their own lives at the hands of the guards.

The men of Company C who survived the months of battles, rationing of food, brutality of the Japanese guards, appalling conditions of the prison camp and the array of tropical sicknesses were split up and sent to various locations throughout the Philippine Islands. They were later put in the holds of unmarked “Hell Ships” and sent to Japan and China to be used as slave labor for the Japanese war effort.

As the tide of American victories throughout the Pacific spelled an end to the Empire of Japan, the members of Company C suffering in camps throughout the war years concentrated on just surviving day to day. Shortly after the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the remaining men of Company C got the news that the war was over, the Japanese had been defeated and they would be going home. For many, the war’s end came too late. The journey home for many of the survivors was by plane because of their poor physical condition.

Of the 105 men in Company C who left Salinas, 6 were lost in combat, 52 lost their lives in the Death March, harsh conditions of prison camps, Hell Ships and labor camps. Just 47 returned to their families. The remains of those lost 58 men lie at the bottom of the sea or interred in soil far from the Salinas Valley. This memorial is dedicated to all the 105 men who marched proudly down Main Street on that damp February morning in 1941. Their story must never be forgotten. This memorial honors their bravery, their sacrifice and the enormous price they all paid to free the world from tyranny and oppression.

Six soldiers in Company C were awarded Silver Stars. The whole company received two United States presidential Unit Citations and the Philippines Presidential Unit Citation. In addition, the members all received the Bronze Star and the Purple Heart.

Thank you, gentlemen. Your deeds are not forgotten.

[An additional Plaque at the Memorial:] Company C 194th Tank Battalion Major L. E. Johnson • Major F. C. Moffitt • Capt. T. I. Spaulding • 1st Lt. B. E. Gwinn • 2nd Lt. J. H. Hart • 2nd Lt. A. H. Hook • 1st Sgt. E. Saccone • M/Sgt. J. E. Aram • M/Sgt. F. W. Bickmore • M/Sgt. W. G. Boyd • M/Sgt. C. H. Thomas • T/Sgt. A. F. Gillis • T/Sgt. A. D. Lang • T/Sgt. S. G. Lang • T/Sgt. E. S. Morello • S/Sgt. C. F. Abbott • S/Sgt. E. R. Barns • S/Sgt. M. J. Bernard, Jr. • S/Sgt. W. E. Braye • S/Sgt. G. D. Brokaw • S/Sgt. F. T. Cabrel, Jr. • S/Sgt. E. C. De Gottardi • S/Sgt. R. L. Diaz • S/Sgt. J. P. Errington • S/Sgt. J. E. Frost • S/Sgt. J. S. Gamboa • S/Sgt. W. A. Garrison • S/Sgt. W. L. Glenn, Jr. • S/Sgt. T. J. Hicks • S/Sgt. A. J. Holstein • S/Sgt. J. C. McKusic • S/Sgt. M. R. Madero • S/Sgt. F. J. Orendain • S/Sgt. T. T. Paras • S/Sgt. J. H. Smith • S/Sgt. E. H. Stahl • S/Sgt. H. J. Vick • S/Sgt. C. R. Walker • S/Sgt. F. T. Wilson • Sgt. J. N. Anderson • Sgt. W. F. Anson • Sgt. F. E. Aram • Sgt. J. D. Brink • Sgt. R. E. Cunningham • Sgt. L. A. Elliott Eliopoulos • Sgt. R. L. Errington • Sgt. H. K. Fitzgibbons • Sgt. V. L. Gosney • Sgt. W. F. Hall • Sgt. K. D. Lewis • Sgt. H. E. Lee • Sgt. R. H. Mitchell • Sgt. F. I Muther • Sgt. R. J. Peoples, Jr. • Sgt. N. R. Rose • Sgt. G. W. Schlosser • Sgt. W. B. Smith • Cpl. J. F. Alves, Jr. • Cpl. A. Cope • Cpl. R. N. DeCloss • Cpl. M. E. Dolk • Cpl. O. H. Eaton • Cpl. H. D. McDonald • Cpl. M. G. Nevarez • Cpl. L. H. Rotharmel • Cpl. C. R. Sigala • Cpl. J, V. Speckens • Cpl. S. G. Suttie • Cpl. J. M. Warnick • PFC R. G. Bales • PFC F. F. Barretto • PFC M. A. Cahill • PFC D. E. Cederblom • PFC L. O. Cole • PFC A. W. Eckert • PFC R. E. Emlay • PFC J. H. Fleener • PFC E. M. Fontes • PFC J. Gillis • PFC C. M. Grayson • PFC N. C. Heard • PFC J. A. Hicks • PFC F. F. Marback, Jr. • PFC J. T. McLoud • PFC S. J. Montero • PFC R. E. Overstreet • PFC E. E. Rawson • PFC D. J. Reilly • PFC A. P. Smith • PFC E. G. Smith • PFC J. E. Willrodt • PFC J. P. Zinani, Jr. • PFC E. P. Zingheim • Pvt. W. L. Casperson • Pvt. E. N. Di Benedetti • Pvt. D. W. Foshee • Pvt. W. M. Hennessy • Pvt. D. R. Jaramillo • Pvt. W. V. Martella • Pvt. R. L. Miller • Pvt. C. G. Stevens • Pvt. J. M. Thorp • Pvt. J. H. White • Pvt. K. A. White

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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