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Downtown LaBelle Historic District

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Florida, Hendry County, LaBelle

In 1895, prominent landowner and cattleman Captain Francis A. Hendry (1833-1917) platted a townsite at LaBelle, which was first settled as a center for cattle and citrus industries. A post office, general store, school, and a church were eventually built, and LaBelle became the first town and commercial center in what became Hendry County. Although Hendry is credited with settling LaBelle, E.E. Goodno (1858-1936), who purchased Hendry’s former land holdings in 1903 and financed many of the town’s first improvements, is recognized as the “Father of LaBelle.” LaBelle’s historic business district extends along and near Bridge Street from the Caloosahatchee River south to Hickpockee Avenue. At one time, both sides of the street were lined with commercial establishments, some of which feature living accommodations on the second floor. Sadly, many early downtown buildings were destroyed in a 1928 fire, but some have survived, including the Poole Store (1911), First Bank of LaBelle (1925), and the Royal Poinciana/Newcomb Bakery (1911-1912 -– one of the buildings constructed for both commercial and residential use). The Downtown LaBelle Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Orange & Alexandria Roundhouse

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Virginia, Alexandria
Orange & Alexandria Railroad roundhouse, formerly located near Duke and South Henry Streets. Engine named after Brigadier General Herman Haupt, Chief of Transportation, U.S. Military Railroads during the Civil War. Mathew Brady photograph after 1863. Courtesy Library of Congress.

(Man-Made Features • Railroads & Streetcars • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Steamboat Point

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
It was along this shoreline, named Steamboat Point in 1851, and extending from 500 feet west of Third Street to the Foot of Second at Townsend, that the most able shipbuilders of the times built and repaired every type of vessel, from the largest class of “floating palace” riverboats and ferryboats designed to carry railroad cars, down to brigantines and yachts. Shipbuilders, John North, Henry Owens, Patrick Henry Tieman, and H.B. Tichenor made Steamboat Point famous from 1851 to 1868 as the place to haul out vessels on marine railways for caulking, coppering, and below water repairs. At a time when San Francisco depended totally on sea and river lanes for all the necessities and luxuries of life, as well as her communications with the world, the shipwrights of Steamboat Point built and maintained her watercraft at their boatyards and this narrow beach.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Southbeach Shoreline – 1852

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
In 1852 you would have been standing on a bluff overlooking the narrow beach just below that followed the approximate line of King Street. First accurately charted by the U.S. Coast Survey topographical engineers in 1852, the shoreline was named Steamboat Point after the boatyards on the beach. All of the land that you can see on the bay side of King Street is man-made, created by filling the bay. Massive timber cribbing was built to hold large rocks, and thousand of cubic yards of the city’s sandhills and rubble were dumped on top. The construction of the seawall beyond and beneath the foot of King Street and the Embarcadero in 1905 fixed the line of the present shoreline.

“Oh you Saints look don (sic) on the new made town. And tell me, pray, which way to go? Oh the shoreline’s deranged and everything’s changed. Tell me, pray, which way to go?” - South of Market Journal, 1926

(Natural Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

King Street

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This marker consists of six plaques arranged in a 2 X 3 pattern. The top left plaque is the title plaque and may contain some text. The top right plaque displayed an arrow which points in the direction of the named street. Other plaques contain biographical information on the person for whom the street is named, appropriate quotation(s) and relevant illustrations, cast in bronze.

In February of 1853, the United States Topographical Engineers published their first detailed survey of the city, showing new streets, many named for army and navy officers. Fremont and Folsom were prominent officers; Harrison, Bryant and King held important city and port positions’ Spear and Brannon had been pioneers in Yerba Buena before San Francisco has its name.

Agent for the United States government before California became part of the Union, T. Butler King helped build the foundations of California’s polity. Advisor to President Zachary Taylor, he was appointed Collector of the Port of San Francisco in 1850. His carefully considered observations on the Gold Rush were nationally influential. After an unsuccessful attempt to return to Washington as a Senator from California, he retired to his home in Georgia and later served as a Commissioner of the Confederacy to Europe.

“So much are our opinions influenced by early impressions, the vicissitudes of the seasons with which we are familiar, love of country, home, and kindred, that we ought never to hazard a hasty opinion, when we come in contact with circumstances entirely different from those to which we have all our lives been accustomed.” -- T. Butler King

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Townsend Street

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This marker consists of six plaques arranged in a 2 X 3 pattern. The top left plaque is the title plaque and may contain some text. The top right plaque displayed an arrow which points in the direction of the named street. Other plaques contain biographical information on the person for whom the street is named, appropriate quotation(s) and relevant illustrations, cast in bronze.

Pioneer physician in California, Dr. John Townsend and his wife came overland from Missouri in 1844, as a part of the first immigrant party to cross the Sierra by way of Truckee. A founding member of the school board in San Francisco in 1847, he was elected town Alcalde in 1848. He abandoned his office at the first news of the discovery of gold, but later returned to practice medicine at a time when the new city was being swept by epidemics of dysentery and cholera. Moving to a farm near San Jose, Townsend and his wife died of cholera there at the end of 1851.

“A good feeling man, Townsend is much attached to his own opinions, as likewise to the climate and country of California. His wife, a pleasant lady, does not enter into all her husband’s chimerical speculations.” – James Clyman, 1845

Cholera is to be Expected Here
The wording of an actual hand lettered sign found near this spot, circa 1850.

(Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Brannan Street

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This marker consists of six plaques arranged in a 2 X 3 pattern. The top left plaque is the title plaque and may contain some text. The top right plaque displayed an arrow which points in the direction of the named street. Other plaques contain biographical information on the person for whom the street is named, appropriate quotation(s) and relevant illustrations, cast in bronze.

In February of 1853, the United States Topographical Engineers published their first detailed survey of the city, showing new streets, many named for army and navy officers. Fremont and Folsom were prominent officers; Harrison, Bryant and King held important city and port positions’ Spear and Brannon had been pioneers in Yerba Buena before San Francisco has its name.

Archetypical Gold Rush San Franciscan, Sam Brannan was first in many achievements. He arrived in Yerba Buena by sea in 1846, leading two hundred Mormon pioneers, and founding the city’s first newspaper. He rode through the streets of San Francisco in 1848, announcing the discovery of gold for all to hear. In 1851, he inspired the vigilantes to take the law into their own hands and restore order to a chaotic city. The first California millionaire, he spent this fortune in building Calistoga as a health resort and lost it all. He died in 1889 with a twenty dollar gold piece in his hand.

“Some contend that there are really no laws in force here, but the divine law, and the law of nature.” – Sam Brannan, Editor, California Star • March 27, 1847

(Communications • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Goshen Mills

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Maryland, Montgomery County, Gaithersburg
The original Goshen Mills consisted of a three-story brick merchant mill and a smaller frame grist mill. The facility was constructed after 1737 by Ignatius Pigman to serve this small farming community. It relied on water supplied by the Goshen branch, which flows into the Great Seneca Creek. Water-powered wheels turned the four flour mill stones that converted local wheat and corn crops into finished products such as flour and meal for consumption. By 1800 when Edward Crow managed the property, there were 44 mills in Montgomery County, of which 7 were located on the Seneca Creek and its tributaries. To distinguish his mills from other competition, Crow advertised that the facility had materials on hand to construct a saw mill and identified the presence of a rich copper mine on the surrounding acreage. Crow sold the mills in 1803 to Samuel Robertson, who resided at Fertile Meadows. Operations continued at the mills under the Riggs family until 1890, when a fire destroyed the then outdated milling complex.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Solax Studios

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New Jersey, Bergen County, Fort Lee

          The Solax Studio was built in 1912 by Alice Guy Blaché, who had begun directing films for the Gaumont Company in Paris in 1896. In 1907, Leon Gaumont sent Alice and her new husband, Herbert Blaché, to take charge of Gaumont’s operations in the United States, and they opened a studio in Flushing, New York. Alice Blaché started her own company, Solax, in 1910, producing melodramas and one reel comedies in Flushing for the nickelodeon market.

          Solax prospered and moved to Fort Lee two years later, acquiring an acre of land on Lemoine Avenue. The original studio building was approximately 62 feet on each side, with offices and dressing rooms on the lower floors, and a glass-enclosed stage area above. Office buildings and a small laboratory were also constructed. The studio produced an average of two short films every week, ranging from action pictures like “Beasts of the Jungle” to the “Burstup Holmes” comedy detective series. When the market for short films collapsed, the Blachés expanded the laboratory and began making feature pictures in partnership with Popular Plays & Players. Olga Petrova starred in many of these including “The Tigress” and “My Madonna.”

          As the U. S. Amusement Corp., the Blachés also produced and directed features for Pathé Metro, and William Randolph Hearst’s International Film Service. After 1917, the studio was rented to other producers, including Goldwyn, Fox, and Selznick. Francis Doublier’s Hirlagraph Motion Picture Corp. acquired the property after Solax declared bankruptcy in 1922. It later passed to Consolidated Film Industries and Bonded Motion Pictures Properties, who expanded the laboratory and warehouse facilities. The studio building burned in 1929 and most of the remaining buildings were razed in 1965 to make way for a supermarket.

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Centenary Gardens House 1

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United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, County Fermanagh, Irvinestown


In this house the story of St. Patrick meeting the legends and spiritual traditions of the Celtic People in Ireland is presented. St. Patrick became familiar with them during his time of captivity.

The Celtic Religion of Ireland
Before St. Patrick

The Celts believed that gods and spirits were everywhere. They had sun worship, tree worship and wind worship. This is a hymn to nature by the Celtic poet Amergrin who lived 500 years before Christ.

'I am the wind that breathes upon [?]
I am the wave of the ocean
I am the murmur of the billows
I am the ox of the seven combats
I am the vulture upon the rock
I am a salmon in the water
I am a lake in the plain
I am the God who creates the head of fire.
Who announces the ages of the moon --- if not I
Who teaches the place where couches the sun --- if not I'
(Translation Douglas Hyde)

St Patrick
"I cannot remain silent concerning such great benefits which the Lord
has been pleased to bestow upon me in the land of my captivity"
(Confession of St Patrick)

"More and more did the love of God and my reverence and faith increase
so that in a single day I would say up to a hundred prayers and at night a like number"
(Confession of St Parick)

St Patrick's Breastplate
[Not transcribed]

The Lughnasa Festival
During his time of captivity in Ireland, St. Patrick learned the language and the religious customs of the people. They celebrated four great festivals each year, Imbolc (Spring), Bealtaine (Summer), Lughnasa (Harvest) and Samhain (Winter). The most joyful was Lughnasa because it celebrated the new harvest. The people assembled on mountains and hills, at river banks and lakes for feasting, games and sport. Máire Mac Neill in her book "The Festival of Lughnasa", shows how many of these assemblies survived into our own century as gatherings of people on the last Sunday of July or the first Sunday of August. Some became Christian celebrations such as Croagh Patrick, Lough Derg and many holy wells, and some remained as gatherings for games, sport and celebrations. Bishop Joseph Duffy writes "The Croagh Patrick Pilgrimage shows how the memory of St Patrick worked itself into the older pagan mythology and folklore of the Irish people." (Patrick in his own Words p58) This map of Ireland marks the places where the Lughnasa Assemblies survived into our own century.

The Legend of Oisín and Niamh in Tír no n-Óg
[Not transcribed]

The Legends of Ireland
[Not transcribed]

(Anthropology • Churches, Etc. • Environment • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cole's Monument

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United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, County Fermanagh, Enniskillen


In memory of
General the Honorable
Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, G.C.B.
Colonel of the 27th Regiment

Pyrenees • Nivelle • Orthez
Toulouse • Olivença • Albuera
Salamanca • Vittoria • Martinique
Guadaloupe • Egypt • Maida

(Man-Made Features • Patriots & Patriotism) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Beale Street

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This marker consists of six plaques arranged in a 2 X 3 pattern. The top left plaque is the title plaque and may contain some text. The top right plaque displayed an arrow which points in the direction of the named street. Other plaques contain biographical information on the person for whom the street is named, appropriate quotation(s) and relevant illustrations, cast in bronze.

Swashbuckler who made good, Edward Beale began a career of adventure at the age of fourteen when he became a Navy midshipman. Sailing to California in time for the War with Mexico in 1846, he won honors for his heroic daring. In 1848 he carried the first official news of the California gold discovery back to Washington. He later carried out many official missions where bravery and independence of mind were required, and brought camels for the military to use in the western deserts. In old age, he ran his huge Tehachapi rancho as his own principality. A 19th-Century adventurer, he did not quite outlive his times.

“Men are very fond of proving their steadfast adherence to nonsense.” – Edward Beale • 1842

(Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Spear Street

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This marker consists of six plaques arranged in a 2 X 3 pattern. The top left plaque is the title plaque and may contain some text. The top right plaque displayed an arrow which points in the direction of the named street. Other plaques contain biographical information on the person for whom the street is named, appropriate quotation(s) and relevant illustrations, cast in bronze.

In February of 1853, the United States Topographical Engineers published their first detailed survey of the city, showing new streets, many named for army and navy officers. Fremont and Folsom were prominent officers; Harrison, Bryant and King held important city and port positions’ Spear and Brannon had been pioneers in Yerba Buena before San Francisco has its name.

Boston-born Nathan Spear went to sea to better his health in 1819, and never returned for long. After several journeys to the Pacific Islands he came to Monterey in 1831 and became one of California’s pioneer merchants. Five years later he opened the first store in the new village of Yerba Buena, and ran a schooner to collect grain from around the bay for milling in the region’s first flour mill. Always proud of his American citizenship, his dreams were realized when the stars and stripes were raised over San Francisco. Hard working and modest, he exemplified the pioneer New England entrepreneur.

“We bring you goods from ev’ry clime, To suit all classed and all time. Let people know what you’ve for sale. You’ll sure succeed, and never fail,” – Anonymous, 1856

(Roads & Vehicles • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Darwin

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California, Inyo County, near Lone Pine
The town was named after Dr. E. Darwin French who explored the area in 1860 giving his name to the falls, canyon, and wash. First recorded mine, the Promontorio, was discovered by Rafael Cuervo October 1876. Darwin was the center of activity of the New Coso Mining District. By 1877 three furnaces were in operation. The greatest producing mines were the Christmas Gift, Defiance, and Lucky Jim. Recorded production of the disrict between 1875 and 1951 was 5,914 oz. gold; 7,630,492 oz. silver; 117,566,900 lbs. lead; 52,124,942 lbs. zinc; 1,489,396 lbs. copper.

Dedicated 10 October 1981

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cerro Gordo

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California, Inyo County, near Keeler
Cerro Gordo discovered by Mexicans in 1865 was at $17,000,000 Inyou's wealthiest mineral producer. Silver, lead, xinc, water and supplies all went by mule train, tram. The "Bessie Brady" boat across Owens Lake and Remi Nadeau mule teams to build the Pueblo of Los Angeles.

Dedicated June 14, 1980
Slim Princess Chapter No. 395
E Clampus Vitus

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mono Lake

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California, Mono County, near Lee Vining

These Plaques Featuring Little Known
and Forgotten Facts About Mono Lake

E Clampus Vitus
Bodie Chapter No. 64
Dedicated
September 13, 2013
Mono Lake - Land of Many Uses
Except for fishing, this "inland sea" has been a lake of many uses over the years. (commercial, industrial, recreational, military, medicinal, etc.) starting in the 1800s and by the 1910s, in and around this body of water, oil drilling and mineral extraction activities took place. By the 1900s it became the venue for: bathing beauty pageants, boat races, swimming competitions and water skiing contests. During the 1930s, a boat tour of the lake and islands was offered, advertised as a visit to the "Tahiti of the Sierras" due to the existence of hot springs on the islands. A Tahitian spa was planned, but never built. In the late 1950s, a public boat dock and marina was built along the west shoreline and operated for several years. And, during the Cold War a secret military test site was located along the south shoreline. Although, today, only remnants can be seen of those activities, they made a lasting contributions to the development of Mono County and the Eastern Sierras.

Mono Lake...?
First appearing on official maps in 1854. It is the predominant geological feature of this region and source of many myths, legends and controversies. One unresolved issue - who was the first to document this unique body of water? was it Jedediah Smith during his trek through the region in 1827? or was it Joseph Walker in 1833? Perhaps, it was Lt. Treadwell Moore in 1852? Coincidentally, each reported finding a lake with similar features. Another debate is the origin of its name. Some sources report it was named for the Monache Indians, early inhabitants of the area. Other accounts note "Mono" was a Spanish word and cite the majority of California county names were of Spanish origin. Others refer to the Greek word "monos" meaning - solitary or deserted. Each is a plausible explanation. In the late 1800's, this intimidating lake gained international notoriety through the writings of Mark Twain's newspaper articles and his book "Roughing It". What is not in question - Mono Lake was the namesake of the 47th county created by act of California State Legislature (SB-199) in 1861.

Mono Lake & Hollywood
This body of water has been the backdrop of many Hollywood and television productions. Two of the first movies filmed here were "Kilowatt, the Conqueror" (1921) and "The Huntress" (1923) staring Colleen Moore. "White Magic" (1930) was one of the first "Talkies" to feature Mono Lake. "The Bride Wore Red" (1937) staring Joan Crawford; "Kim" (1950) staring Errol Flynn; "Fair Wind to Java" (1953) staring Fred MacMurray; and, "Jonathan Livingston Seagull" (1973) had second unit photography (background scenes) taken here. Numerous nature films, produced and directed by major studios and independent filmmakers, have told various stories of Mono Lake - its ecology, geography, chronology, etc. Also, may "Commercials" and music videos have been filmed here. However, the most recognized and successful movie shot on location here was "High Plains Drifter" (1973) staring Clint Eastwood and served as the stark setting of the fictional western town of Lago. Today, remnants of the volcano set built for the 1953 film can still be seen above the waves of this inland sea. As long as Hollywood has need of breathtaking vistas and clear blue skies, Mono Lake will have a continuing role in the film and video industry.

(Entertainment • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Higgins Tavern

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Maryland, Montgomery County, Olney
From Colonial times until the late 19th century, taverns occupied almost every crossroad and trading center. They were the center of life for rural communities. This is where mail was received, goods were traded, travelers slept, newspapers were read, and local news shared – as well as where hard liquor was imbibed.

Higgins Tavern was built in 1823, not long after the Georgetown-to-Brookeville Turnpike (present Georgia Avenue) was constructed. This tavern is unique because it was owned by women -- which was unusual since it was rare for women to visit taverns – Lucretia Beall from 1823 to 1867, and Margaret Higgins from 1867 until her death in 1905, although it is referred to in historical records by the names of the men with whom they lived, Thomas Higgins and Hilleary Orme Higgins respectively. The original log structure was added to in the mid 1800s.

Higgins Tavern gained a bit of notoriety in October 1872 when a meeting of the Democratic party was held here, attended by Horace Greeley, candidate for president; John Ritchie, candidate for re-election to Congress; and Frank Brown, candidate for Maryland House of Delegates.

In the early 1920s the property was sold to Oscar Martin who operated Martin's Dairy, processing milk brought in by local farmers, for half a century. The Martin family also had a very popular ice cream parlor on the premises. The Tavern building was the Martin Family home during this time.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Home of William Julius "Judy" Johnson

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Delaware, New Castle County, Newport
In 1975 William Julius “Judy” Johnson became the first Delawarean elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame. During his career, 1921 through 1936, Johnson was considered the best third baseman in the Negro Leagues. In 1935, Johnson served as captain of the Pittsburgh Crawfords, a team that also featured Hall of Famers Satchel Paige, Oscar Charleston, Josh Gibson and Cool Papa Bell. Later he served as a scout for the Philadelphia Athletics, the Philadelphia Phillies, and the Milwaukee Braves. This house, where Johnson and his wife Anita lived for 55 years, is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

(African Americans • Sports) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chandler Library Pavilion

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Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka


Shawnee County Courthouse
1895 - 1965

"We are made wise not by
the recollections of our past
but by the responsibility
for our future."

George Bernard Shaw

Dedicated September 11, 2004
[Imprint of the former courthouse]

(Charity & Public Work • Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

German 21cm Mortar, 1918

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United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, County Fermanagh, Enniskillen


Captured during the Great War 1914-1918
Presented in commemoration of the award of the
Victoria Cross
on 29th October, 1914 to
Lieutenant J.A.O. Brooke
2nd Battn. The Gordon Highlanders

"For conspicuous bravery and great ability near Gheluvelt, on the 29th October in leading two attacks on the German trenches under heavy rifle and machine-gun fire, regaining a lost trench at a very critical moment. He was killed on that day.

By his marked coolness and promptitude on this occasion Lieutenant Brooke prevented the enemy from breaking through our line at a time when a general counter-attack could not have been organized.
London Gazette, 18th February, 1915

This Mortar stood outside Colebrooke House until presented on indefinite loan to the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Regimental Museum by Viscount Brookeborough in February, 1976.

Length...........6 metres
Weight...........4458kg
Range............9400 metres
Weight of Shell..83.5kg
Rate of Fire.....2 rounds per minute

(Man-Made Features • Patriots & Patriotism • War, World I) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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