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Limestone County Tornado Memorial

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Alabama, Limestone County, French Mill

Primary marker
The bricks in these walls were once part of the homes of Limestone Countians. Each one represents a dream, and the loss of that dream on April 27, 2011, when seven tornadoes hit Limestone County and 62 struck in Alabama, killing 247 people, including four locally.

Here, these bricks represent hope and the resilience of a community that came together to help one another recover that day, and in the wake of all tornadoes in Limestone County's history.

This memorial was built to ensure those who died are not forgotten and that we always remember the outpouring of aid that came in the wake of the tornadoes, from next-door neighbors and from strangers across the nation.
Made possible with help from:
United Way of Limestone County
Precision Masonry
Bethel Church of Christ
Rotary Club
The family of Jan Turner McElyea
Concrete marker 1
In honor of those who died in tornadoes in Limestone County, Alabama

Concrete marker 2
April 3, 1974
Louise Cain • Thomas Lee Cain • Willie Alvis Carter • Helen Carter • Teresa Carter • Lillian Green • Amos Green • Elizabeth Hawkins • Herman Lambert • Patsy P. Lovell • Rosie L. Maclin • Hetty Ruth McGlocklin • Sandra Ruth McGlocklin • James Walter McGlocklin • Nobia L. Ruffin • Mary Elizabeth Smith

Concrete marker 3
May 26, 1924
George Collins • Ethel Collins • James Lewis Collins • Sam Lee Collins • Charles Delbert Collins • Edna Lizzie Collins • Verna Lue Collins • Annie Bell Collins

Concrete marker 4
April 27, 2011
Jan Turner McElyea • Janice Peden Riddle • Glen Riddle • Shannon Sampson

May 18, 1995
Chuck Dale

February 15, 1939
Josie Emma Crutcher

(Disasters) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Hump: Open Lots For Blocks

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Virginia, Alexandria
The racially integrated working-class neighborhood known as the Hump, named for the high ground at its northern boundary, once spanned three blocks, centering on the 800 block of Montgomery Street. The Hump was first settled in the decade following the Civil War. After the nearby Alexandria Canal was abandoned in 1886 and the railroad tracks along Henry and Fayette streets were closed in the early 20th century, inexpensive housing in this marginal area attracted European immigrants and African Americans, descendents of free and enslaved black Alexandrians, including the thousands of African Americans that refuge in the city during the Civil War. Many residents were employed by the railroad, at Portner's Brewery, and a several local glassworks. Notable among the Neighborhood occupants in the early 1900s were African American educator John F. Parker and Reverent Robert Robinson.

"It was so cold that you could go to bed and see the moon shining (through the walls). The snow'd come through them cracks on your feet...Ice'd freeze on the washstand...It'd freeze in your bedroom...We had to go to a pump to get water to wash with. The pump was right in the street on just 'bout every corner—great big old wooden pump." —Henry Johnson, a neighborhood resident in the early 1900s, from oral history recordings owned by the Alexandria Library.

Considered one of Alexandria's several historic African American neighborhoods, the Hump appears to have remained ethnically diverse and was characterized by wide open spaces that were utilized for agriculture, public refuse disposal, and social life. In the 1950s many of the homes and small businesses in the neighborhood were razed as part of urban renewal.

"We're talking about 1915...We played baseball because there were plenty of open spaces. We could build a baseball diamond any place. We played marbles in the street. Played spin tops in the street...there was open lots for blocks and blocks. No houses whatever." —Buster Williams, a neighborhood resident in the early 1900s, from oral history recordings owned by the Office of Historic Alexandria.

Vacant lots on these blocks were used in the 1940s and possible earlier by the African American-owned and -operated traveling tent variety show, Silas Green from New Orleans, which toured th South by rail between 1904 and 1957.

Part revue, part musical comedy, part minstrel show, Silas Green became one of the longest-lasting tent shows in American show business history an featured well known performers, including Bessie Smith, the legendary blues singer. It was enormously popular among both black and white audiences and offered a segregated seating arrangement with a section reserved for whites only.

"... there used to be a Silas Green show and that was a very entertaining show under a tent. They would come to town with a tent and they would have entertainment. We never paid, we just kind of looked under the tent and watched...." —James E. Henson, Sr., a neighborhood resident in the mid-20th century, from oral history recordings owned by the Office of Historic Alexandria.

(African Americans • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Leesburg Sesquicentennial

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Indiana, Kosciusko County, Leesburg
Grinding stones from gristmill of Levi Lee, founder of the town of Leesburg. The mill was located in Section 21, Twp. 33N., Range 6E., 2½ mi. S/E of Leesburg on the Tippecanoe River.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Arizona World War II Memorial

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Arizona, Maricopa County, Phoenix
World War II began for the United States with a surprise attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and ended in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945. The two most striking reminders of these events are the sinking of the USS Arizona and the Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri.

As a tribute to all the United States service men and women who sacrificed their lives for our freedom during World War II, a 14-inch gun barrel from the USS Arizona and a 16-inch barrel from the USS Missouri serve as two visible bookends to this conflict. Between the gun barrels, steel pillars in the shape of a battleship hull honor the 1,902 Arizona men and women who died during World War II.

The 14-inch gun barrel from the USS Arizona, barrel #41L3, was not on the ship at the time of the sinking. It had been relined, then placed on the USS Nevada and participated in D-Day and Operation Dragoon.

From the center flagpole east of the anchor, looking west to the first marker (BB-39) is 608 feet. It represents the length of the USS Arizona from bow to stern.

From the center flagpole east of the anchor, looking west to the second marker (BB-63) is 887 feet. It represents the length of the USS Missouri from bow to stern.

The nine sets of blue steel pillars represent the nine minutes it took for the USS Arizona to sink after being hit by bombs from Japanese aircraft.

Hon. Ken Bennett, Secretary of State 12/7/2013

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 13 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Eucalyptus Amphitheater

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California, Alameda County, Piedmont
“Loves Labor Lost,” a comedy by William Shakespeare, was the first play performed in the Eucalyptus Amphitheater in the spring of 1908. Set in a grove of trees for which it was named, the theater had a unique stage from which some of the giant trees burst through the floorboards. Miss Florence Nace, the first superintendent of the park, planned her open air venue in a rustic style. She echoed design elements from other areas of the park but included swings and hobby horses for the youngest theater patrons.

For the next decade, Shakespeare became a staple of summer theater in Piedmont although the bill of fair often included plays for those young in heart such as “Alice in Wonderland” and “Peter Pan.” When not used for theatrical performances, the facility was put to use as an outdoor auditorium. The Sons of Norway held their annual meetings in the theater and in 1915, hundred of children participated in the “Pageant of Nations.”

The theater was demolished in the 1920s when the City of Piedmont acquired the property. Today, only the level ground and a few tall eucalyptus trees remain.

”With the sun rays as a spotlight, the a pantomime unfolded with the appearance of two maidens in Greek garb slowly wending their way holding braziers from which thin wreaths of incense smoke ascended heavenwards. Then followed the processional of Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Monk of the middle ages, Japanese types, the later holding aloft the quaint banners of the land beyond the rising sun, Chinese lads with kites larger than themselves... and as they slowly filed across the stage, the ‘March of the Slaves’ from Aida came from the orchestra concealed in an array of vines.” - The Oakland Tribune, August 29, 1915.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sulphur Springs Grotto

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California, Alameda County, Piedmont
The first recorded visitor to the sulphur springs grotto is Isaac Holmes, a retired U.S. Senator from South Carolina, who reportedly installed a bathtub in Bushy Dell canyon in the early 1860s in order to take alfresco baths for his rheumatism.

Walter Blair hoped to capitalize on the curative powers of the water when he bought the park property. According to the newspaper, ”The waters of these springs contain sulphur, magnesia, iodine and iron and are claimed by those who have used the waters to have great curative qualities for rheumatism, neuralgia, dyspepsia and kidney ailments.” Blair bottled his mineral water and built a decorative gazebo over the spring where passersby could use a tin drinking cup. The gazebo features prominently in a photograph of Mark Twain circa 1869 when he was on a lecture tour in San Francisco and also appears on the cover of the prospectus for Piedmont Park tract in 1877.

When Frank C. Havens bought the park property in the 1890s he installed a new man-made faux stone grotto at the springs. The grotto restoration project was completed in 2007 to celebrate the city’s centennial. It incorporates remnants of Haven’s grotto.

”What appears as a tremendous boulder has been built deep in hills, and there, in the twilight of concealed electricity, ferns cluster around springs of sulphur and magnesia water, while within a tiny aquarium inserted in the rocky wall, fish dart about, flashing light from their golden fins. It all seems so natural that it is hard to realize that the artistic ingenuity of man had planned and executed such a lovely picture.” - Carlotta Sessions, Reporter, Overland Monthly Magazine, 1901

(Man-Made Features • Natural Features • Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Black Panther's First Office

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California, Alameda County, Oakland
On January 2, 1967
The
Black Panther Party
for Self-Defense
0pened the Party’s
first office
at this location

(African Americans • Civil Rights) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Black Panther Stoplight

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California, Alameda County, Oakland
Text for this marker is found on both sides of the panel.

Side 1
On August 1, 1987

This stoplight was
installed as a result of
a community initiative
spearheaded by the
Black Panther Party
Side 2
After several children attending the nearby Santa Fe Elementary School were killed and many injured by motorists at this intersection, the demand for a traffic signal by the Anti-Poverty Center and the Black Panther Party began in June, 1967. However, the Oakland City Council notified the community that a traffic signal would be erected no sooner that late 1968. Rather than allowing another death in the interim, a small cadre of armed Black Panthers stopped motorists and personally escorted children across the busy intersection. No further automobile-related deaths or injuries occurred at this location, and installation of the traffic signal began on August 1, 1967.

(African Americans • Charity & Public Work) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

121 John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


This building was originally one story. It served as a meat market and then the Ideal Restaurant for a few years. Upon completion of the second story, the building became a theater and live vaudeville performances were held on stage.

In 1916, Bruce Pettit took over half interest of the Iowa Theatre, owned by R. C. Goshorn. Mr. Pettit later became the sole owner. Records show Eb Hayes as a proprietor as well.

The second story facade of the building remains nearly original. The marquee dates between 1920 and 1930. Inside, one stairway was removed, and most of the balcony was eventually closed. For the Winterset Centennial program in 1949, some of the seats were reupholstered with a new leather-type covering that was promised not to fade on customers' clothing.

The movie The Bridges of Madison County premiered at the Iowa Theatre in 1995.

Miles Derrick is the current manager of this landmark.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

119 North John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


Businesses in this building have included: a barber shop, a confectionary, a general store, a meat market, a hardware store, an appliance store, a carpet store, and a bakery.

Rows of nails were hammered into the wood floor and used to measure rope and wire when the hardware store was at this location. These marks can still be seen.

1999 Sesquicentennial Project

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

117 North John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


Under various owners, this building was used for furniture & undertaking, which was a popular business combination in the late 1800's and early 1900's. In 1963 this became the Iowa State University Extension Service office.

On this site circa 1870, a two-story frame building housed a dry-goods store with a picture gallery on the second floor.

1999 Sesquicentennial Project

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

115 John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


This building's uses have included a boot and shoe shop, a meat market, a second hand furniture store, a dry cleaner, a Coast to Coast store, restaurants, a fitness center, and a quilt supply mail-order business.

In 1886 a shoemaker had a shop on the second floor.

1999 Sesquicentennial Project

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

113 John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


Uses of this building include a bakery*, a harness shop, a grocery, a pool hall, a Coast to Coast store, and a law office.

The double store front was replaced after this building suffered fire damage in 1968.

*As with many bakeries of the time, in 1886 the oven was in a separate bake house at the rear of the property.

1999 Sesquicentennial Project

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

109 John Wayne Drive

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Iowa, Madison County, Winterset


1n 1886 there was a restaurant in the north side of the original building and a harness shop in the south side. A dry goods store in the north side and a jewelry store in the south side occupied the double store building in 1899. The Evening Star Lodge #43 purchased the original one-story structure in 1911. The second story was added in 1914, and has been occupied by the Masonic Temple since that time.

The main level of the building has been leased by a variety of merchants. In 1916 there was a hardware store in the front and a tin shop in the back. The United Food Market, Winterset's first self-serve grocery, moved to this location in 1926. Owner H. A. Ross's new concept allowed customers to hand-select their own food items, with the promise of lower prices.

In the early 1960s the Western Auto Store, operated by Blair Weidman, moved to the first floor of this building. In 1967, that business was purchased by Don and Phyllis Clark who added a bike shop as well. The Clarks saw the need for a different type of business in the 1980s, and launched Clark's New and Use Furniture. One of their delivery men, Shawn Honnold, bought the business in 2001 and renamed it Shawn's Furniture.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Archbold Biological Station at Red Hill

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Florida, Highlands County, near Venus
These buildings were designed and built during 1930-1935 by Alexander Blair for the Red Hill Estate of John A. Roebling II, son of Washington A. Roebling, who built the Brooklyn Bridge. The industrial vernacular buildings (structures meant to house industrial activities) were constructed of poured concrete to withstand hurricanes and the humid sub-tropical conditions. The largest building, with its distinctive saw-tooth roof, features an original seven-unit storehouse and attached two-story residence. Other buildings include the garage, generator building, and the deep-well pump house. In 1941, Roebling donated the buildings and surrounding estate to Richard Archbold (1907-1976), a famous aviator, explorer and patron of science. Here he founded Archbold Biological Station, a world-renowned facility dedicated to ecological research and conservation. The Roebling buildings were converted to laboratories and offices. The Station manages a 9,000-acre preserve of international conservation importance, and harboring the Florida scrub, a globally threatened ecosystem. Archbold Biological Station at Red Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007, for its historical significance in architecture, science, and conservation.

(Agriculture • Horticulture & Forestry • Industry & Commerce • Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

DeSoto County

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Florida, DeSoto County, Arcadia
Named after the great Spanish conquistador and Florida explorer Hernando De Soto, the county was created out of Manatee County in 1887. The area's original inhabitants were Caloosa Indians. In early Florida history the region was the scene of numerous Indian battles. The county's 416,640 acres offer a diversified economy of citrus, cattle, agriculture and industry. Arcadia is the county seat.

(Political Subdivisions) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Donegal Corridor

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United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, County Fermanagh, Belleek


During the Second World War (1939-1945) Sunderland and Catalina Flying Boats from RAF Castle Archdale were given permission by the neutral Irish Free State government to fly along the River Erne between Belleek and Ballyshannon. This was known as the Donegal Corridor. Young airmen flew out to the mid-Atlantic to give protection to shipping convoys. A number of planes crashed in the locality.

This plaque is in memory of the airmen and seamen from America, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and Ireland who lost their lives in the Battle of the Atlantic.

(Air & Space • Patriots & Patriotism • War, World II • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Metocinyah's Village

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Indiana, Wabash County, near La Fontaine
About 1747 the British encouraged the Miami at Kekionga to leave the French influence for their protection and cheaper trade goods at Pickawillany. The British post near Piqua, Ohio. Osandish, grandfather of Metocinyah, died shortly after he led his band to the British. It is believed that his son, Aw-Taw-Waw-Taw did not return to Kekionga after the destruction of Pickawillany but took his band to Jocinah Creek in 1752. The Village under Metocinyah was destroyed by Campbell's troops in the Mississinewa Expedition of 1812 and it lost most of it's former importance when rebuilt cabins were strung out along Jocinah Creek and the burying ground was just downstream from its mouth. Meshingomesia was born here in 1782.

(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Key Route Terminal

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California, Alameda County, Emeryville
This was the main terminal for
the Key System Railway during World War II.

The Shipyard Railway – also known as the “Pass the Ammunition”
Railway – was built by the Key System for the United States Maritime
Commission. In operation from 1943 through 1945, the railway was
crucial in transporting workers to Richmond’s Kaiser Shipyard during
wartime gasoline and tire rationing.

(Roads & Vehicles • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

California & Nevada Railroad

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California, Alameda County, Emeryville
A 3 foot narrow gauge railroad starting on land owned by Joseph E. Emery, later president and founder of the City of Emeryville.

The line started at 40th and San Pablo, extended through Berkeley and up San Pablo Creek to Bryant (Orinda) 23 miles hauling farm products and passengers mostly on picnic specials.

The Santa Fe Railway purchased the C&N RR on March 17, 1903. The first through train ran into Emeryville May 16, 1904, completing the Santa Fe line to Chicago. Passenger service on the C&N right of way ended June 15, 1958 and freight service was discontinued on May 12, 1979

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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