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The Castle Garden

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Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad de Mexico

"Construir castillos con terrazas ajardinadas", fue la definición de felicidad que Maximiliano expresó en alguna ocasión. Profundo conocedor de la arquitectura y la jardinería palaciegas de su época, y aficionado a la botánica, en la terraza del Castillo encontró un sitio para hacer realidad su sueño. Alrededor de este jardín íntimo, bordeado por corredores con techos ligeros sostenidos sobre delgadas columnas de hierro, Maximiliano escuchaba y dictaba su correspondencia. Al igual que en los palacios europeos de la época, el jardín interior se integraba visualmente a un parque exterior, aquí el bosque de Chapultepec.

English translation:
"To build castles with roof gardens" was the definition of happiness Maximilian expressed on at least one occasion. Connoisseur of architecture and the palace gardens of his time, and also an amateur botanist, on the terrace of the castle he found a place to realize his dream. Around this intimate garden bordered by corridors with lightweight roofs supported on slender iron columns, Maximiliano listened to visitors and dictated correspondence. As in European palaces of the time, the inner garden is visually integrated to the outside, here Chapultepec Forest.

(Agriculture • Forts, Castles • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Santa Fe Railroad in Plainview

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Texas, Hale County, Plainview
Operating in the Texas Panhandle since 1886, the Santa Fe Railroad about 1900 laid plans to extend its line into the rich agricultural domain of the South Plains. Meantime, Plainview leaders saw the need for better transportation and in 1903 raised $75,000 to use in promoting a rail connection. J.N. Donohoo, Dr. Lee Dye, W.E. Dyer, L.S. Kinder, L.A. Knight, Charles McCormack, J.H. Slaton, R.P. Smyth, and Dr. J.H. Wayland led this endeavor. The city and the Santa Fe came to terms, and the first train reached here on Dec. 31, 1906. Regular service soon followed, and oldtimers rejoiced when train whistles heralded and end to isolation.

Once or twice a week, land agents arrived with trainloads of prospective settlers. Local builders constructed a courthouse, new schoolhouse, new city hall, an electric plant, an opera house, residences and business buildings. Soon the Wayland Literary and Technical Institution was under construction.

Railroad service made a major contribution to the economic development of Hale County, opening acreage to settlement and agricultural expansion.

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Plainview Daily Herald

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Texas, Hale County, Plainview
Originally known as the "Hale County Hesperian," this newspaper was established in the late 1880s by D.B. Hill and John Davidson. In 1891 John Minor Shafer, an early Plainview area settler, became the owner and publisher. The newspaper remained a Shafer family operation until 1912. Its name then was changed from the "Hale County Herald" to the "Plainview Herald," and later to the "Plainview Daily Herald." Consolidation with the "Plainview News" in 1929 allowed for continued growth and expanded coverage. In 1978 the "Daily Herald" was purchased by the Hearst Corporation.

(Communications) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Baptist Church of Plainview

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Texas, Hale County, Plainview
Organized on November 23, 1890, Plainview Baptist Church began with eleven charter members. The new congregation called the Rev. I.B. Kimbrough as pastor, and they soon erected their first church building at the intersection of Austin and Fourth streets.

The growth of the church closely paralleled that of the city, which grew considerably after a branch of the Santa Fe Railroad was built through town in 1907 and the area's first irrigation well was dug. In a 1911 state charter the church was named First Missionary Baptist Church of Plainview. Programs for local church members were expanded, and the congregation actively supported domestic and foreign missionary activities. Continued growth led to the construction of this building in 1927, and the name was changed once again in 1929 to First Baptist Church of Plainview.

This Classical Revival sanctuary features two entry porticos, a cast stone cornice, and classical pediment. Continued growth over the years led to the acquisition of adjacent property and the construction of additional church facilities, including the Memorial Educational Building in 1950.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark – 1990

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Texas Land & Development Company

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Texas, Hale County, Plainview
Unique agricultural pioneer. Founded in 1912 by J.W. Grant and M.D. Henderson, who obtained Eastern and European capital to develop 65,000 acres of Hale, Floyd and Swisher county lands. This area became one of the most productive in America, because of the irrigated and drylands farming methods used by T.L. & D., which operated until 1956.

Winfield Holbrook was the vice president and general manager; W.J. Klinger, secretary-treasurer; D.D. Bowman and W.F. Lowe, farm superintendents. Mary L. Cox, of the staff, wrote local history.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Schick Opera House

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Texas, Hale County, Plainview
Businessman Levi Schick (1855-1936) launched the Schick Opera House in this building on Oct. 11, 1909. A traveling opera company opened the facility with a performance of "Little Dollie Dimples". Later attractions included vaudeville acts, musical programs, and plays. The opera house also served as a showcase for local talent and a site of public gatherings, such as graduation ceremonies. Known for its fine acoustics, the auditorium seated about 900 persons. Schick Opera House remained this area's cultural center until about 1920, when competition from motion pictures caused its decline.

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gene Compton's Cafeteria Riot 1966

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco

Here marks the site of Gene Compton's Cafeteria where a riot took place one August night when transgender women and gay men stood up for their rights and fought against police brutality, poverty, oppression and discrimination in the Tenderloin.

We the transgender, gay, lesbian, and bisexual community, are dedicating this plaque to these heroes of our civil rights movement.

Dedicated June 22, 2006

(Civil Rights) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Blackhawk Jazz Club

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
On this Corner, the world's best Jazz musicians performed at the Blackhawk. The club's legacy lives in recordings made here by Miles Davis, Dave Brubeck, Cal Tjader, Thelonious Monk and Ahmad Jamal, among others. Billie Holiday, Dizzy Gillespie, Charles Mingus, Count Basie, The Modern Jazz Quartet and other legends played on its stage. The Blackhawk in later years accommodated underage patrons in a special section behind chicken wire.Uptown Tenderloin Historic District

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hotel Winton

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
This Building is listed in the
National Register of
Historic Places

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Dancing, Roller Skating & Bowling

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California, San Francisco
After the 1906 Earthquake, dance ballrooms and academies such as the Arcadia, Fisher's and Golden Gate Ballroom replaced the demolished Alhambra Theatre on this site. By the 1930's, roller skates replaced dancing shoes. In 1942, the Golobic family tossed the skates, created bowling lanes and launched the Downtown Bowl. It was a popular neighborhood spot for the next 35 years. Uptown Tenderloin Historic District

(Entertainment • Sports) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

From the Peak

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Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad de Mexico

El torreón del Alcázar de Chapultepec conocido, según los términos de la arquitectura militar, como el Caballero Alto- fue construido en la parte más alta del promontorio natural, que se eleva unos 45 metros sobre el nivel de la Ciudad de México. En este sitio existió un templo prehispánico que fue remplazado, en el siglo XVI por una capilla dedicada a San Miguel Arcángel, demolida en el siglo XVIII. El torreón fue construido como parte del Colegio Militar hacia 1841, y en 1877 se adaptó como observatorio astronómico, coronado por una cúpula de metal y vidrio que subsistió hasta principios del siglo XX, a pesar de que el observatorio se trasladó en 1883 a su sede actual de Tacubaya.

English translation:
The tower of the Chapultepec Castle, known under the terms of military architecture as the Tall Knight (Caballero Alto) - was built on the highest part of the natural promontory, which is about 45 meters above the level of Mexico City. On this site there was a pre-Hispanic temple which was replaced in the sixteenth century by a chapel dedicated to St. Michael Archangel, which was itself demolished in the eighteenth century. The tower was built as part of the Military College around 1841, and in 1877 was adapted as an astronomical observatory, topped by a dome of metal and glass that lasted until the early twentieth century, even though the observatory moved in 1883 to its current location in Tacubaya.

(Colonial Era • Science & Medicine • Anthropology) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

National Astronomical Observatory of Mexico

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Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad de Mexico

El ciudadano Jose Lopez Portillo
Presidente de la Republica
Conmemora el primer centenario del Observatorio Astronomico Nacional
actual Instituto de Astronomia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico en donde se ha cultivado ininterrumpidamente una de las mas antiguas tradiciones culturales y científicas mexicanas
Castillo de Chapultepec
6 de mayo de 1878
5 de mayo de 1978

English translation:
The citizen José López Portillo
President of the Republic
Commemorates the centennial of the National Astronomical Observatory, where in the current Institute of Astronomy of the National Autonomous University of Mexico one of the oldest cultural and scientific traditions of Mexico has been cultivated without interruption
Chapultepec Castle
May 6, 1878
May 5, 1978

(Man-Made Features • Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sidon Canal

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Wyoming, Big Horn County, near Byron
Following Mormon settlement of the Salt Lake Valley beginning in 1847, church leaders envisioned colonization of the entire inter-mountain region. In following decades, Mormons emigrated from Utah into Idaho, Arizona and Wyoming. Seeking to improve their economic status and following Mormon pioneering tradition, several hundred people in 1900 emigrated from Utah and Idaho to Wyoming’s Big Horn Basin where they built a canal and a community.
Under the Carey Act of 1894 states were encouraged to sell arable public land cheaply following reclamation. But private reclamation projects required capital, and some were aborted as investors lost faith. Unlike other privately-financed projects, the Sidon Canal was built without a large amount of capital. Emigrants were organized into the Big Horn Colonization Company, an irrigation cooperative which offered company shares in return for labor. Upon arriving in the Basin workers plunged into canal construction, excavating with horse-drawn plows and slip scrapers. Near this point work was blocked by a sandstone boulder known as “Prayer Rock.” According to legend, prayer and divine intervention caused the rock to split, allowing construction to continue and strengthening the emigrant faith in the canal project.
The 37-mile long canal was completed in less than two years. It still transports water from a headgate on the Shoshone River near the Big Horn-Park County line to a land segregation of approximately 20,000 acres. Its successful completion serves as an outstanding example of the cooperative effort and spirit of determination exhibited by Mormon pioneers in the American West.

(Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Byron Sessions

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Wyoming, Big Horn County, Byron
This statue by artist/sculptor, Steve Wirth, depicts Byron Sessions, survey map case in hand, as he prepares to oversee the construction of the Sidon Canal.

It was the policy of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, often referred to as the "Mormon Church", to colonize areas where people could establish homes in towns, rather than to settle on ranches so widely separated that it was difficult for them to engage in church and social activities. With that thought in mind, of February 9, 1900, a group of men, led by Abraham O. Woodruff, arrived at Red Lodge, Montana. Henry Griffin and Amasa Packard had traveled from Burlington, Wyoming with teams and wagons to meet the group. They previously agreed to take the party to the Shoshone Valley of Wyoming and after investigating other property, the group decided to look over a large tract of land on the north side of the Shoshone River. This land was covered by a survey made several years previously, however, the project had been abandoned. After carefully looking over the Byron Flat, as well as the Cowley Flat, the decision was made to return to Utah and make a recommendation that a colony should be sent to the Shoshone Valley and that a canal be constructed, following the earlier survey.
Following the original exploration to the Shoshone Valley of Wyoming, Lorenzo Snow, president of the Church, issued a call to Bryon Sessions. He said, "Brother Sessions, it is the desire of the Church that you move your family out into the land, take charge of the construction of the canal and stay with it until it is completed." Byron's reply was, "President Snow, if that is your wish, I will finish that canal and lay my bones down in it." He immediately returned to Woodruff and made preparations to leave.
On April 24, 1900, a hardy group of 30 settlers and 15 wagons left Woodruff to begin the trek to the Big Horn Basin. They met at Hams Fork with other groups sent from areas in Utah, Idaho and southwestern Wyoming. Upon meeting at Hams Fork, they organized into companies with a captain for each company of 10 to 12 wagons, with a total of serval hundred people. After a grueling trek, the first company arrived and camped at Sage Creek, By mid-May, the other companies arrived and the entire group moved to what was to be the head of the Sidon Canal. Work on the canal began on May 28, 1900, with families living in wagons and primitive tents, coping with rattlesnakes, ticks and ever-present blowing sand, which sifted into even the smallest openings.
The Sidon Canal was to be 30.48 milers long and bring water to 17,715.28 acres. The canal was not completed until the spring of 1904 and since it was necessary for people to earn a living to sustain themselves, the canal was completed at intervals. No cash was paid to the workers on the canal project. Instead, they received stock in the Sidon Canal Company. In fact, each man was required to pay cash for two percent of his canal stock and these funds were used to by plows, scrapers and other equipment. The CB&Q hired many of the men to complete a link of rail near Billings, Montana to Cody, Wyoming. The men who worked on the railroad project were paid half their wages in cash and the other half in canal stock. The half paid in cash was then dispensed to those working on the canal and thus all were able to sustain themselves during the canal construction.
As the work progressed, the Canal was being constructed along the foot of a nearly perpendicular rock cliff. The cliff was approximately two miles below the head of the canal. It was approximately 50 feet high. Just below this rock was a large rock about 20 feet long, which lay right in the line of the Canal right of way. This was six or eight feet high and no one knew how far it extended into the ground. The work was being done in the later part of June or early part of July of 1900.
Byron Sessions conceived the idea that a large hole could be scraped out on the lower side of the rock. Then a shot of powder could be put under the upper side, rolling the huge rock over in the hole out of the way. When the hole had been scraped out about ten feet deep, it appeared dangerous for men and horses working in the hole. Consequently, it was made a matter of prayer at the morning and eventing Prayer Circle at the camp. One afternoon as President Sessions discussed the matter with the men working there, Biney Sessions, a son of Byron Sessions, said, "We'll never get this done. We just as well give it up." This seemed to anger his father, who said, "I prophesy in the name of Israel's God that that rock will be in there tomorrow at this time." One of the men, Jim George, decided to test him out and pulled out his watch to check the time. It was 4:00 P.M.
The work of scraping the sand and rocks out of the hole continued until the next afternoon when Byron Sessions came along and told the men working in the hole to take a rest and take all their tools with them. This was unusual since it was just ten minutes past their last break. No sooner was the last man out of the hole when the rock began to split from top to bottom and landed right where the men had been working only minutes before. The man who had decided to check out the prophecy, looked at his watch and discovered the time was five minutes to four. This split in the rock provided space for the canal to flow unimpeded. This occasion has been known as the miracle of Prayer Rock. (An historical marker 2 1/2 miles west of Byron shows the location and provides details of this incident.)

May all who view this memorial remember with gratitude the many sacrifices made by all the pioneers who settled, not only in Byron, but also in the entire Big Horn Basin of Wyoming.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Mormon Colonists

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Wyoming, Big Horn County, Lovell
In honor of
The Mormon Colonists
of the Big Horn Basin
who, under the leadership of
Abraham O. Woodruff, first camped near this site in May 1900. These pioneers, under many difficulties, established towns, notably Byron, Cowley and Lovell, organized the Big Horn Stake of Zion, constructed the Sidon Canal, built railroads and pioneered education through founding the Big Horn Academy.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

History of Tower Well

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California, Santa Clara County, Palo Alto
This tower well symbolizes what is best about a forward thinking, progressive city government that chose local ownership of essential utility services. Due to the foresight of town leaders such as Stanford Engineering professors Charles "Daddy" Marx and Charles Benjamin Wing, Palo Alto began municipal operation of its water utility in 1896. In 1910, this well was built to assure citizens in North Palo Alto of a safe and reliable source of water. Equally important, it provided valuable fire protection for the many wooden structures downtown.

(Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Jeep

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Wyoming, Big Horn County, Lovell
was developed for the U.S. Army during WWII by the Willys Motor Company. Its tough four-wheel drive made it the first all-terrain vehicle. By 1945 over 500,000 had been delivered to the Army and other branches of the armed forces. The Jeep was also used by the allied armies. Even the Germans appreciated the rugged little work-horse and enjoyed capturing them whenever possible. Four companies submitted bids: Willys, Ford, Bantum and Checker Cab Company. Bantum's bid was too high. Checker Cab Company has the lowest bid, but was discarded because they didn't have the experience to build this type of vehicle. Ford built some of the Jeeps when the demand was so great. Willys couldn't keep up with the production. General Eisenhower claimed the Jeep, along with the bazooka, C-47 and atom bomb as one of the four greatest contribution to the allied victory.

(War, World II • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Juan Escutia, Child Hero of Mexico

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Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad de Mexico

En este lugar murio la mañana
del 13 de Septiembre de 1847, en
defensa de la patria contra la
invasión norteamericana el
cadete del Colegio Militar
Juan Escutia
Homenaje de la Asociacion
del Heroico Colegio Militar fundada
en 1871
México, D.F. a 13 de Septiembre de 1970

English translation:
In this place during the morning of September 13, 1847, while in defense of the homeland against the North American invasion, died the cadet of the Military College
Juan Escutia
Tribute from the Military College Association founded in 1871
México City, Septembre 13, 1970

(War, Mexican-American) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gallery of Historia

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Mexico, Distrito Federal, Ciudad de Mexico

También identificada por el público como Museo del Caracol por su forma espiral de caracol marino, fue concebida en 1960 por el Arq. Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, como museo didáctico para niños y jóvenes. Sus doce salas, muestran la historia de México desde final del Virreinato hasta la promulgación de la Constitución de 1917, mediante dioramas, maquetas, interactivos, videos y tableros.
Los dioramas y maquetas son representaciones de escenas de la historia de nuestro país, mediante figuras de barro y escenografías elaboradas en madera y plásticos, por artesanos mexicanos. Los dioramas cuentan con un sistema de iluminación y audio que permiten escuchar la narración de los hechos representados.
Además, el edificio cuenta con dos obras del escultor Chávez Morado: la puerta cancel de acceso, elaborada en bronce, que alude a la fusión de dos culturas (europeas y americana) y el domo del recinto de la Constitución, siendo este uno de los primeros altares a la patria.

English translation:
Also commonly known as the Conch Museum for its spiral shape similar to that of a sea conch, it was conceived in 1960 by the Architect Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, as a teaching museum for children and youth. Its twelve rooms show the history of Mexico, covering the period from the end of the Viceroyalty until the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution, through dioramas, models, interactive videos and story panels.
The dioramas and models are representations of scenes from the history of our country using clay figures and scenery made of wood and plastic, all by Mexican artisans. The dioramas have a lighting system and an audio system that allows the visitor to listen to the narration of the events depicted.
In addition, the building has two works by the sculptor Chávez Morado: the entryway, made of bronze, which refers to the fusion of two cultures (European and American) and a domed enclosure dedicated to the Constitution which is one of the first altars of the nation.

(Entertainment • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Henry Gilbert, Jr. Memorial

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Wyoming, Big Horn County, Lovell
The Flying Tigers were American boys from 41 of our states, fighter pilots trained in our own Army and Navy, who became members of the new A.V.G. (American Volunteer Group) employed by the government of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to protect the lifeline of China, the Burma Road. The Flying Tigers began under the leadership of Claire Lee Chennault with 100 Curtiss-Wright P-40B Tomahawks and the volunteer pilots to fly them.
They went on from there. They went on in smoke and flame and blood and death to compose their epic; (one of) the most spectacular in the annals of air warfare. They saved Rangoon and the Burma Road for 65 precious days. They became the demigods of fighting China.
Wingman Henry Gilbert, Jr. of Lovell, Wyoming was the youngest of the Flying Tigers at the age of 22.
On December 23, 1941, two waves of Japanese bombers accompanied by fighters were approaching Mingaladon. Fourteen P-40’s and 16 Brewsters of the R.A.F. took off to meet the attack.
Gilbert dived on one of the bomber formations, shooting out bursts and striking two of them but without hitting vital spots. In the attack, his P-40 was hit by a cannon shell and screamed out of the battle to crash into the jungle below.
There had been no parachute, and Henry Gilbert was the first Flying Tiger to die in combat.

Dedicated June 29, 1985
(Original dedication area located at park on east end of Main Street)
Dedicatory remarks by A.V.G. Squadron Leader David L. "Tex" Hill, A.V.G. Flight Leader Noel R. Bacon and the World War Anniversary Committee

(War, World II • Air & Space) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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