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Soissonois Regiment

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Virginia, York County, Yorktown
These 900 men were quartered here during the Siege. Professional soldiers, many fought again for France on other fields as did the regimental commander Marquis de Saint Maime. He became a Lieutenant-General in 1792 and fought under Napoleon.

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

West Hotel

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California, San Francisco City and County, San Francisco
Formerly Hotel Dunloe, Hotel Zee
acquired and renovated by Tenderloin
Neighborhood Development Corporation in 2003
This Building is Listed in the
National Register of
Historic Places
Uptown Tenderloin Historic District

Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Shiloh Baptist Church

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Virginia, York County, Yorktown
Shiloh Baptist Church was started in 1863 by former slave and lay minister, John Carey; and Reverend Jeremiah Asher from Shiloh Baptist Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The church sewed the residents of Slabtown, a community established by the United States army during the Civil War for contrabands (Contraband were enslaved Americans who had fled Confederate controlled areas of the South.) Today, the congregation of Shiloh Baptist Church continues to thrive and provide valuable religious support within the local community.

(sidebar)
Jeremiah Asher
Chaplain Jeremiah Asher was the grandson of a slave, but was born free in Connecticut. On the eve of the Civil War, he was a prominent abolitionist and minister of Shiloh Baptist Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. When the federal government began recruiting African Americans for newly formed United States Colored Regiments, Asher wrote President Abraham Lincoln, advocating African Americans should serve as military chaplains to these units. African Americans were prohibited from serving as commissioned officers in their own regiments, which included chaplain positions. However, Lincoln eased the policy, and began allowing some African Americans to serve as regimental chaplains. Though 50 years of age, Asher, with the signed support of every white officer in the 6th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, mustered with the unit as chaplain, in December 1863. In addition to ministering to the troops, Asher also, at Yorktown, helped form a new Shiloh Baptist Church in the local contraband community. Jeremiah Asher gave his life for his ideals, being the first African American chaplain to die in military service. He passed away on July 27, 1865 from disease contracted while tending to ill soldiers.

(captions)
Back with Hardy and Hawkins to Baptist church. Crowded. Patrolled Slabtown. Master Sergeant Christian A. Fleetwood, 4th United States Colored Troops, Diary, March 27, 1864 Courtesy of Library of Congress

The members of Shiloh Baptist Church probably first worshiped in a simple cabin, but by 1866 were meeting in a former Confederate military barracks. Thirty tears after its founding, the congregation constructed a new edifice across the road from the Yorktown National Cemetery. When the church burned four years later, it was rebuilt and in continuous use until 1974 when a new house of worship was constructed about one mile to the west at the intersection of Route 17 and Goosley Road. In 2001, Shiloh Baptist Church reached another historical milestone when Pastor Barbara Lemon was installed as the congregation's minister, becoming the first female African American Baptist minister in the local area.

In 1866-1867, Captain James Miles Moore, of the U.S. Army Quartermaster Department,oversaw the development of the Yorktown National Cemetery. As part of the project, he directed a map of the immediate area be diagrammed. This map shows Shiloh Baptist Church's original location. Map and photo courtesy of the National Archives

James Miles Moore

(Churches, Etc. • War, US Civil • African Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Shiloh Baptist Church

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Virginia, York County, Yorktown
Shiloh Baptist Church was started in 1863 by former slave and lay minister, John Carey; and Reverend Jeremiah Asher from Shiloh Baptist Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The church sewed the residents of Slabtown, a community established by the United States army during the Civil War for contrabands (Contraband were enslaved Americans who had fled Confederate controlled areas of the South.) Today, the congregation of Shiloh Baptist Church continues to thrive and provide valuable religious support within the local community.

(sidebar)
Jeremiah Asher
Chaplain Jeremiah Asher was the grandson of a slave, but was born free in Connecticut. On the eve of the Civil War, he was a prominent abolitionist and minister of Shiloh Baptist Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. When the federal government began recruiting African Americans for newly formed United States Colored Regiments, Asher wrote President Abraham Lincoln, advocating African Americans should serve as military chaplains to these units. African Americans were prohibited from serving as commissioned officers in their own regiments, which included chaplain positions. However, Lincoln eased the policy, and began allowing some African Americans to serve as regimental chaplains. Though 50 years of age, Asher, with the signed support of every white officer in the 6th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, mustered with the unit as chaplain, in December 1863. In addition to ministering to the troops, Asher also, at Yorktown, helped form a new Shiloh Baptist Church in the local contraband community. Jeremiah Asher gave his life for his ideals, being the first African American chaplain to die in military service. He passed away on July 27, 1865 from disease contracted while tending to ill soldiers.

(captions)
Back with Hardy and Hawkins to Baptist church. Crowded. Patrolled Slabtown. Master Sergeant Christian A. Fleetwood, 4th United States Colored Troops, Diary, March 27, 1864 Courtesy of Library of Congress

The members of Shiloh Baptist Church probably first worshiped in a simple cabin, but by 1866 were meeting in a former Confederate military barracks. Thirty tears after its founding, the congregation constructed a new edifice across the road from the Yorktown National Cemetery. When the church burned four years later, it was rebuilt and in continuous use until 1974 when a new house of worship was constructed about one mile to the west at the intersection of Route 17 and Goosley Road. In 2001, Shiloh Baptist Church reached another historical milestone when Pastor Barbara Lemon was installed as the congregation's minister, becoming the first female African American Baptist minister in the local area.

In 1866-1867, Captain James Miles Moore, of the U.S. Army Quartermaster Department,oversaw the development of the Yorktown National Cemetery. As part of the project, he directed a map of the immediate area be diagrammed. This map shows Shiloh Baptist Church's original location. Map and photo courtesy of the National Archives

James Miles Moore

(Churches, Etc. • War, US Civil • African Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Slabtown

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Virginia, York County, Yorktown
There is a large settlement near Yorktown, called Slabtown, settled by the government during the war with those who came within the lines. The colored people there are doing such work as they can get to do, oystering, & c.

Testimony of Dr. Daniel Norton [McNorton], before a United States Congressional subcommittee on conditions in the South under reconstruction, February 3, 1866. Dr. Daniel Norton was a former slave, born in Williamsburg, Virginia who fled to the North and became a licensed physician. About 1864 he came to Yorktown to practice medicine, achieving prominence in Virginia politics and advocating education for previously enslaved Americans.

From May 1862 through the end of the Civil War, Yorktown was occupied by United States troops. Some enslaved Americans, who became known as “contraband of war," escaped from the Confederate controlled South and sought freedom behind the Federal lines at Yorktown. In July 1863, when Brigadier General Isaac J. Wistar was assigned command at Yorktown, he reported over 12,000 contraband were living off subsistence from his commissary. To provide them with shelter and an opportunity for self-sufficiency, he established housing on nearby land that was unoccupied by the owner. Wistar assigned his own troops to oversee the construction, reporting to his commanding officer, Major General John A. Dix, that he had “a large force at work laying out and erecting negro quarters...”

The new neighborhood became known as Slabtown, reflective of the pine wood slabs that the cabins were built from. Almost as soon as Slabtown was populated, the Friends’ Freedmen's Association of Philadelphia began sending teachers to establish schools in the community and a few businessmen to set up a store which provided supplies such as clothing, vegetable seeds, and farming tools. Army officers also arrived to recruit soldiers for the newly formed United States Colored Regiments.

After the war, Slabtown, sometimes called Uniontown, remained a vibrant community with a few businesses, school and church. However, ownership of the land reverted to its former Confederate owner. Not until the 1880s and 1890s did the inhabitants have the opportunity to purchase the property that some had lived on for many years. In the 1970s, the National Park Service, as part of an effort to restore more of Yorktown’s 1781 battlefield, purchased the Slabtown lots; and razed all the buildings. Some of the residents relocated less than a mile from their former homes.

(sidebar)
While Slabtown was constructed quickly, this 1867 military map of the community illustrates it was established with well surveyed streets and arrangement of buildings. Sergeant Charles Brooke of the 5th Michigan Cavalry description of Slabtown on March 5, 1864 confirms the planning that went into developing Slabtown: The streets are laid out regularly, about four roads wide. Each cabin is about twelve by eighteen feet, and one story high,. They are all built of pine slabs, and the roofs are of the same. They each have an alley between, of four feet. many are whitewashed and with neat fences round them. The interiors are generally neat and clean. The streets are kept swept, and every thing shows good discipline... These people have nearly all been slaves, and those that were born fee say that they were no better till our forces gained possession... They have their own stores, post-office,schools.. church...

(captions)
Dr. Daniel Norton, 1883 Courtesy of Virginia State University, of which Dr. Norton was a member of the university's first board of visitors.

General Issac Jones Wistar's General Order #13 directed tha From and after the 23d day of July...all negroes..be removed from within Fort Yorktown to the new quarters now being provided for them... Courtesy of the Wistar Intritute

This 1881 map shows a large decline in the number of homes and buildings in Slabtown; yet it also reveals a well defined community with almost as many structures as nearby Yorktown

This 1924 aerial photograph shows Slabtown's roads and property lines (indicated by the perimeter of the fields) which reveal the planned and orderly nature of the community over 60 years after its establishment.

(Settlements & Settlers • War, US Civil • African Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Battle Begins

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Ohio, Lucas County, Maumee
Wayne's advance units of scouts and militia collided with the Native Confederacy's position in the dense forest. In a fierce fight, the U.S. forces were driven back to the main columns of the Legion.

Under the cover provided by the advance units the Americans expanded in a wide front in battle formations. Throughout this process, the Natives used fallen trees and the landscape to exchange gunfire with the Americans.

(Native Americans • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ready, Aim, Fire!

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Ohio, Lucas County, Maumee
The Legion of 2,000 combatants was organized into four sub-legions, each containing companies of infantry, light infantry, riflemen and dragoons. Split into three columns the legion's left flank held the 2nd and 4th sub-legions, while the right flank was made of the 1st and 3rd sub-legions. A central fighting column contained contained the Commander and Chief and artillery. 1,500 mounted Kentucky volunteers fortified the ranks from the front and on the flanks.

(Native Americans • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 11 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Battle Ends

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Ohio, Lucas County, Maumee
The Western Alliance faced a more formidable foe at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Although losses were equal on both sides, rumors of eight slain chiefs discouraged the Western Confederacy. They retreated to where Swan Creek meets the Maumee River. As their opponents fled to safety, Wayne's troops regrouped and collected their wounded. Wayne's losses numbered between 22-33 killed with 85-100 wounded.

(Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sha'anoe Warrior Monument

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Ohio, Mercer County, Fort Recovery
Beneath the white oak rests an unknown Sha'anoe warrior. To his memory and in memory of his brothers killed here in the battles at Fort Recovery we erect this monument. September 10, 1983 "Weshecatweloo Keweshelawaypa" (Let Us Always Do Good)

(Native Americans • Forts, Castles • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Samuel McDowell

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Ohio, Mercer County, Fort Recovery
Placed in 1951
in memory of
Samuel McDowell
1770-1847
Soldier
General St. Clair's Army 1791
General Wilkinson's Army 1792
General Wayne's Army 1793-1794
Pioneer Settler 1838
by His Descendants and the Fort Recovery Historical Society Inc.

(Forts, Castles • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pioneer Cemetery

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Ohio, Mercer County, Fort Recovery
Pioneer Cemetery is the oldest cemetery in Mercer County and is the final resting place for many of the early pioneers who first settled in the Fort Recovery area. The large marker on this site lists the names of those buried here.

Temporary Burial Site of Soldiers who Died in Battles Fought at Fort Recovery.

This cemetery also served as a temporary burial place for the soldiers killed in the Indian battles fought here in 1791 and 1794. In 1851 the people of Fort Recovery discovered the bones of the fallen soldiers buried along the banks of the Wabash. on September 10, 1851, internment of the remains of these soldiers in this cemetery was attended by over 5000 people. The bones of Major General Richard Butler, found in 1872, were buried on July 4, 1876 near his comrades.

On October 16, 1891 the remains of the soldiers buried here were taken up, placed in two large caskets and lay in state for three days in the Disciple Church on South Wayne Street. The third day the caskets were moved to their third final resting place- the present Monument Park. A wood and iron railing enclosed the place of burial until the completion of the monument in 1912. Today all that was mortal of the soldiers who fell in 1791 and 1794 is now located in a crypt in the foundation of the monument. Marker placed in 2006 by the Fort recovery Historical Society and funded by the Cooper Family Foundation.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Tragedy Strikes Trooper 2

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Maryland, Prince George's County, District Heights

On September 27th, 2008, Maryland State Police Medevac Helicopter Trooper 2 responded to Waldorf, Maryland to assist the Waldorf Volunteer Fire Department with a serious motor vehicle crash. Working alongside first responders, two patients were identified for transport. A second medical helicopter provider was required to assist with patient care in the helicopter. Trooper 2 encountered poor weather conditions while attempting to deliver the patients to a trauma center, and diverted to the closest airport. Trooper 2 crashed in Walker Mill Park on approach to Andrews Air Force Base. The flight crew, Pilot Stephen Bunker and TFC/Flight Paramedic Mickey Lippy, patient, Ashley Younger, and the Waldorf VFD medical provider, Tanya Mallard, were killed in the crash. One patient, Jordon Wells survived the crash, and was located, treated, and transported by rescuers.

(Air & Space • Disasters) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Indian Reservation

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Ohio, Van Wert County, Willshire
Site of Indian Reservation granted to John Bapt. Richardville Chief Miami Nation By St. Marys Treaty of October 6th 1818 1200 Acres

(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

James A. Bailey

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Michigan, Wayne County, Detroit
Circus entrepreneur James A. McGinnis was born near this site on July 4, 1847. At fourteen he joined a circus and adopted the name "Bailey". Developing a striking talent for advertising and management, he bought the Cooper & Bailey Shows which toured, under canvas, the world over. Further success came with Bailey's 1880 purchase of "Little America", the first elephant born in this country. The native Detroiter joined forces with celebrated showman Phineas T. Barnum in 1881. Overshadowed by his more flamboyant partner, Bailey guided the circus to many triumphs. Unlike Barnum who asserted, "The public likes to be humbugged,"Bailey said, "Give the people the best...and they'll reward you". Barnum died in 1891, and Bailey ran the mammoth three-ring show until his death in 1906. The circus was then sold to Ringling Brothers which lives on as Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey.

(Industry & Commerce • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A History of Floods

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Virginia, Fredericksburg
Fredericksburg has experienced floods since its earliest settlement. The Rappahannock River originates 77 miles to the west, in a mountain spring, and the upriver watershed drains a very large expanse. By the time is passes Fredericksburg, the river's flow has become substantial. the worst flood of record occurred in October 1942, when a tropical hurricane intruded and then dissipated over the watershed and a slow cold front brought a final two-hour cloudburst.

The plain in front of you helps control the impacts of river floods. The open, undeveloped land allows floodwaters to spread out, which absorbs their velocity as well as their volume. The trees within this riparian zone stabilize the stream banks and absorb pollutants. Vast amounts of moving water can severely impact the built environment, but floodplains kept in their natural state help to mitigate potential flood damage elsewhere.

(Waterways & Vessels • Environment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Odd Fellows Lodge

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Virginia, Fredericksburg
1892Built for Knights of Pythias Lodge #22 & Myrtle Lodge #50 Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

Knights of Pythias Lodge until 1961

(Notable Buildings • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Dunlap Reef Light Tower

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Wisconsin, Door County, Sturgeon Bay

This light tower was used by the Coast Guard to mark Dunlap Reef, which is east of the navigation channel and north of the railroad bridge spur. (Bay View Park) in Sturgeon Bay.

Purchased with funds provided by Door County Marine Men's Club

(Communications • Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels • Environment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Propeller and Stirrup Bearing

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Wisconsin, Door County, Sturgeon Bay

This cast iron propeller and stirrup bearing unit is from the Steamer Wotum, which was built in 1893. This historic ship was 190 feet long, had a 36-foot beam, and weighed 936 gross tons. A steam engine was installed about 1910 - fore and aft type: two cylinders 22 inches and 44 inches cycle with a 40 inch stroke engine built by N.G. Stout, Buffalo, New York. It had one fire box boiler 11-inch diameter and 25 feet long.

Donated by Bay Shipbuilding Company

(Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Welcome to Teton Pass

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Wyoming, Teton County, near Wilson
Two markers are found on the trail information panel at the summit of Teton Pass
History
Indian artifacts dating back over 9,000 years have been found in the Teton Pass and Trail Creek areas. These findings are proof of the long history of this natural travel corridor between Jackson Hole and eastern Idaho. Early Indian groups used this route to access hunting and plant gathering areas in Jackson Hole.
Early trappers and explorers used Teton Pass as the main travel corridor accessing the Jackson Hole area. Historic documents tell of John Hoback, Jacob Reznor, and Edward Robinson leading Wilson Price Hunt and a party of Astorians over Teton Pass in 1811 on their way to the Pacific Northwest. Jim Bridger guided William Reynolds of the Topographical Engineers over Teton Pass in 1860, in search of a suitable railroad route.
In the early 1880s, the first homesteaders began traveling over the Pass to Jackson Hole. The first horse-drawn wagon was driven over in 1886 by Joe Enfanger and Adolf Miller. At that time, it took about two weeks for adventuresome travelers to get over the Pass.
In the late 1880's, mail service from Victor, Idaho to Jackson Hole began, via horseback, wagon, ski and snowshoe. In 1912 the Oregon Short Line Railroad spur was completed to Victor,Idaho. This facilitated more tourists and freight coming into Jackson. To accommodate the needs of these travelers, road houses were built along the route between Victor and Wilson so passengers and livestock could rest.
Beginning in 1913, the Forest Service graded the first roadway up the Pass from Wilson - a vast improvement over the Wagon Road. The old Pass Road, initially widened in 1928, was used until 1969, when the present highway over Teton Pass was finally completed.

History Trail
Teton Pass was the most important access connecting Jackson Hole with the rest of the world, particularly after the railroad arrived in Victor, Idaho in 1912. Homesteaders brought the first horse-drawn wagon over the Pass in 1886. The wagon route was used extensively to transport people, domestic goods, mail and cattle over the Pass until 1913 when the Forest Service built the Old Pass road.
Hiking the History Trail offers the opportunity to travel along the path of the wagon route and see evidence of Jackson's early history. Enjoy!

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jackson Hole

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Wyoming, Teton County, Jacksom
In 1889, five Mormon families pioneered Jackson Hole making the trip of 28 miles in 14 days over Teton Pass. Their leader was Elijah N. Wilson, known among the people as "Uncle Nick" - famous Indian scout and Pony Express rider. They found 18 single men living in the valley. These families established homes and later built a fort for protection against the Indians. The first L.D.S. services were held on Easter Sunday 1890. Sylvester Wilson was the first presiding Elder.

(Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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