Licensed in 1688, it carried New Jersey products to Philadelphia. Terminus for stage lines in 1751, for railroads in 1834 and 1854
(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
William Cooper’s children and subsequently their children also helped to ensure Camden’s development and growth during the next two centuries. In 1773, William’s great-grandson, Jacob, laid out some of the area’s earliest residential plots on Cooper-owned farmlands, calling the newly established town Camden, and naming the street running along the town’s northern border Cooper Street. Jacob’s nephews, Joshua and William, created additional developments, establishing much of what would eventually become the core of present-day Camden. While ensuring Camden’s residential growth, the family also continued to operate their successful ferry service throughout the 18th century, thereby assisting Camden in becoming, during the 19th century, the urban, economic and legal center of southern New Jersey. In the 1870s, Cooper siblings Richard M., William D., Elizabeth, and Sarah founded the Cooper Hospital (now known as the Cooper University Medical Center) on property known as Cooper’s Hill. The hospital, located at One Cooper Plaza, represents another valuable contribution of the Cooper family to the City of Camden that continues, today, to serve the needs of the city and the region.
This light-rail station stop is located within the Cooper Street Historic District, which was historically the city’s most fashionable. Some of the oldest and most architecturally significant residences within the city, dating from the early 1800s and located within Jacob Cooper’s original plan, may be found within the boundaries of this district. The original home of the family founders of the Cooper Hospital was located at nearby 121 Cooper Street and was replaced, during the late 1910s, with the present-day Johnson Library. All of these homes help to illustrate the more than 300-year history of the City of Camden.
(Inscription under the image on the left) Artist’s interpretation of the ferry service on the Delaware River. Water color by T. Birch, 1779
(Inscription under the image on the right)
The Richard M. Cooper House, formerly located at 121 Cooper Street (the current location of the Johnson Library in Camden, NJ 1897.
(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
Conquering the Palisades
The Palisades are a 20 mile stretch of steep, rocky cliffs that parallel the Hudson River and form a physical barrier within Weehawken. Although roadways were built over the Palisades as early as the eighteenth century, these routes were difficult for horses to climb. In the early 1860s the Hoboken and Weehawken Horse Railway Company offered its first horse car route to the top of the Palisades by harnessing four horses to each car instead of one, providing enough power to complete the one mile trip in approximately 20 minutes. In 1873, the North Hudson Country Railway developed the steam-powered "wagon elevator," which carried fully-loaded horse cars and wagons to the top of the Palisades on a 400' long, 100' high incline plane in just one minute. In 1887, the North Hudson County Railway constructed a passenger elevator and an approximately 873'-long viaduct (elevated cable car railway) to connect the West Shore Ferry Terminal along Weehawken's waterfront to the top of the Palisades. The elevator, which rose almost 200 feet above the Hudson River, made the trip in about 45 seconds. With the late nineteenth century surge in rail transportation, rail lines increasingly built direct routes by tunneling through physical obstacles such as the Palisades. In 1883 the West Short railroad completed a tunnel through the hard-rocked Palisades in order to connect two major trading markets: Buffalo, New York and New York City. in 1903-1910, the Pennsylvania Railroad bore a tunnel through the Palisades and underneath both Weehawken and Hudson River in order to reach its station in New York City. All of these transportation routes around and through the Palisades enabled Weehawken to expand into an important economic center along the Hudson River.
The Development of Lower Weehawken
Lower Weehawken, the narrow area between the Palisades and the Hudson River, developed as the township's industrial and commercial center with at least six rail lines moving freight to and from the New York Harbor: the Erie Railroad, the West Shore Railroad, the New York, Ontario and Western Railroad, the Hoboken Manufacturers' Railroad, the New Jersey Junction Railroad and the Fort Lee Railroad. The Weehawken waterfront, lined by multiple wharves, served as a major hub for exporting goods from this region to both domestic and foreign markets. In 1891, approximately 100 carloads of freight were being unloaded per day at the West Shore Railroad terminal. As depicted in historic photographs, Lower Weehawken consisted of multiple railroad lines, industries and wharves that all serviced the New York Harbor trade market.
(Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.