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River Brethren

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Bainbridge
One of the first religious denominations founded in America, the group held its first baptism in the nearby Conoy Creek around 1780. Worship services were held down this lane at Magdalena House, the home of Jacob Engel, one of the founders. The River Brethren changed its name to the Brethren in Christ in the mid-19th century. Other organizations with River Brethren roots are the Old Order River Brethren and the United Zion Church.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John F. Reynolds

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Lancaster
Major General in the Union Army during the Civil War. He played a key role in committing the Army of the Potomac to the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. He was killed early on the first day. Buried in Lancaster Cemetery, he was born and resided here.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Donegal Presbyterian Church

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Mt. Joy

Gateway Panel 1
Founded prior to 1721-Gateway erected by the Donegal Society in honor of it's World War Veterans.

Gateway Panel 2
In memory of the Sons of the Donegal Society who gave their lives in the World War 1914-1918
Lieut. Alexander Rogers, Jr. Oct 23, 1918 Brizeaux France
Lieut. Daniel S. Keller, Sept 29, 1918 Argonne France
Lieut.-Benjamin Hiestand-Arcadia Florida.

(Churches, Etc. • War, World I) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Donegal Presbyterian Church

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Mt. Joy
Founded prior to 1721
by settlers from the north of Ireland
First Church built of logs
Present building erected in 1740
patent granted by John Thomas and Richard Penn
June 4, 1740.
Presbytery of Donegal organized
in this church October 11, 1732
Members of this congregation have figured prominently
in all wars of this country.

(Churches, Etc. • Colonial Era) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Benjamin Albert Imes

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Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis
Described as the best-educated minister in all of Memphis in 1880 was a black man, the Rev. Benjamin A. Imes, who was a noted city leader. Imes held two degrees from Oberlin College and was involved with an influential group that pushed for the integration of public facilities in Memphis during the late 19th century. The group met with its demise during the race riots of the 1880s. Imes was a minister of Second Congregational Church, founded in 1868.

(African Americans • Churches, Etc. • Civil Rights) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Inscriptions Museum

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Turkey, Izmir Province, Selçuk (district), near Selçuk
English:
The Inscriptions Museum is housed ın the vaulted substructure of the Temple of Domıtıan. In the corridors, more than 3,000 complete or partial inscriptions are currently preserved. A selected exhibition contains approximately 60 exceptionally instructive examples, including a death sentence against sacriligious persons, Hellenistıc citizenship rights, Imperial letters, honourific inscriptions for the members of the imperial and cıvıc aristocracy, and funerary inscriptions.

Turkish:
Yazıtlar Müzesi, Dornitianus Tapınağı'nın mahzen tonozlarının bulunduğu yerdedir. Günümüzde bu koridorlarda 3000'den fazla butun veya parça halinde yazı korunmaktadır
Sergilenen koleksiyonda özellikle bilgilene dırıcı yaklaşık 60 adet ornek bulunur. Bunlar arasında günahkarlara karşı bir olum fermanı, Helenistik Donem vatandaşlık hakları, ımparator mektupları, imparatorluk ve şehir aristokrasisi üyelerini yücelten yazıtların yanı sıra mezar yazıtları da yer almaktadır.

German: To read the German text, click on the marker image to enlarge it.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pennsylvania Rifle

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, near Lancaster
Misnamed Kentucky Rifle, this famous weapon of the frontier was developed in the 1700's at Lancaster, which was the center for its manufacture

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

James Buchanan

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Lancaster
Fifteenth President of the United States, lies buried at Woodward Hill Cemetery located five blocks to the south on Queen Street.

(Politics) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Henry Hess Landis Farm

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Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, Lancaster
Isaac C. Landis (1843-1931) established this farmstead around 1870 on a 52-acre parcel. It consisted primarily of the wooden frame house in front of you and a medium-size barn, both painted red. In 1908, the barn burned down and he had it rebuilt. In 1925, Henry Hess Landis (1888-1963) and his wife, Mary Rohrer (Buckwalter) Landis (1889-1977), purchased this property.

Henry Hess Landis, a Mennonite farmer, remodeled the barn to stable 18 milk cows, built a milk house for cooling and bottling, and bought a new truck for a dairy delivery route. He also installed machinery in the barn to grind and bag livestock feed for sale. In about 1936, he sold the dairy route rather than investing in pasteurization equipment. Henry Hess Landis added other businesses to his farm. In the 1930’s, he became a franchised dealer for Case Company farm equipment, and between that decade and the 1950s, he and his family also sold poultry, eggs, lumber, and briefly, groceries. He also held annual auctions of consigned farm equipment. While he switched from the Case franchise to selling Minneapolis-Moline tractors and equipment about 1955, the feed mill remained the family’s main business.

(Inscription below the photo in the lower right)
Landis Valley Dairy Truck , late 1920s.

(Inscription below the photo in the upper center)
Henry H & Mary Landis Family, 1943.

(Inscription below the photo in the lower center)
In the late 1930s Landis purchased delivery trucks for this livestock feed business. Daughter Emma sits on the running board.

(Inscription below the photo in the upper right)
Isaac Landis Farmstead, c.1900.

(Inscription below the photo in the lower right)
Case tractor and equipment mid 1930s, H.H. Landis to right of the sign.

The museum thanks the children and grandchildren of Henry H. and Mary Landis for providing history and images for this display.

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Skaggs Trace

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Kentucky, Rockcastle County, near Livingston

Side A
This trace was named for Henry Skaggs, a Long Hunter. Many famous pioneers, including John Floyd, Benjamin Logan, and William Whitely, traveled over it. On Oct. 21, 1861, the first Kentucky Civil War battle occurred near here at Camp Wildcat. This first Union victory took place in the Rockcastle Hills. (over)

Side B
This trail, from the Hazel Patch to the Crab Orchard, crosses Rockcastle County. It was widely used land route through Kentucky for several years and became part of the Wilderness Road. Daniel Boone crossed the Rockcastle River near here in 1775 in blazing Boone’s Trace from Cumberland Gap to Booonesborough. See over

(Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

More Than He Bargained For

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Washington, Skamania County, Gifford Pinchot National Forest
Gary Rosenquist wanted eruption pictures. On May 17, 1980, he and friends Joel and Linda Harvey, their 10-year-old son Jo-Jo, and William Dilley drove down from Tacoma. They camped here, at Bear Meadow, 11 miles northeast of Mount St. Helens.

The next morning, the group witnessed the colossal landslide and unprecendented lateral blast, and nearly lost their lives. Rosenquist managed to capture 22 photographs of the eruption before fleeing to safety. His pictures help us understand the dynamics of this astonishing event.

Gary Rosenquist wanted pictures. He got more than he bargained for . . .

(Photo captions, left to right, top row first)
8:27 am. Gary Rosenquist’s account of the eruption: “Shortly before 8:40 a.m. my friend Willy peered through his binoculars and said the mountain looked ‘fuzzy,’ so I took a picture.”

8:32 am 33 seconds. “Minutes later, while I was standing with my back towards the mountain, Willy yelled, ‘The mountain is going!’ I dashed to my camera and accidentally bumped it as I reached out. Luck was with me, and the camera aimed perfectly.”

8:32 am 59 seconds. “All my energy was focused through the lens of my camera as I watched a scene unfold like a silent movie before my eyes. I never heard the blast. Somehow I managed to take 22 pictures is about 30 seconds.”

“I grabbed my camera and ran for the car. The turbulent cloud loomed behind us as we sped down Road 99. We raced towards Randle as marble-sized mudballs flattened against the windshield. Minutes later, it was completely dark. We groped through the choking ash cloud to safety, taking with us a moment in time.” Photos courtesy of Joel Harvey and the 8 Miles Hi group.

(Disasters) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pioneer Park

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Idaho, Madison County, Rexburg
To honor those who have contributed to Growth and Development of the Upper Valley

Histories on file in Museum Library

A Civic Improvement Project of the
GFWC Rexburg Civic Club

Labor and materials donate by local Scout troops, Service Clubs, Church Groups, and Community Businesses

Monument designed and built by Upper Valley Building Contractors Association

(Charity & Public Work • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Teton County Veterans Memorial

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Idaho, Teton County, Driggs

Veteran’s Memorial

Dedicated to all veterans who have served from
Teton Valley

All gave some- Some gave all
WWI: 183 Served, 4 Killed
Guy S. Butler, Lindsay Edward Murdock, Moses A. Hulet, George Anthony Smith

WWII: 436 Served, 14 Killed
Marlo Allen, A.C. Anderson, Irvin T. Bates, George Thomas Beard, Eddie Bochlke Gerald M. Daniels, Donald Foster, Leonard Hill, Edwin Holmquist, Dale E. Palmer, James Clint Penfold, Robert Sorensen, Welden D. Sorensen, John Walsh

Vietnam: 50 served, 2 Killed Lester Neal Moulton, Mark J. O’Brian

We gave our todays...So you could have your tomorrows

Our veterans have served in many wars and conflicts from Korea to the Middle East and many points in between. This is dedicated to all who served yesterday, and all who serve today. Freedom, for those who fight for it, has a special meaning the protected will ever know .

Dedicated by Post 95 American Legion for God and Country

(War, Vietnam • War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Erie Canal / Two Waterfronts

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo

The Erie Canal
This site marks the west
end of the canal opened in
1825. It carried products
and people between Lake
Erie and the Hudson River.

Two Waterfronts
The convergence of lake and
canal made possible the
transfer of goods and
thus Buffalo's emergence as
Queen City of the Lakes.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ninth Regiment Connecticut Volunteers

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta
Known as Connecticut’s Irish Regiment, due to its predominant makeup of soldiers borned n Ireland, the Ninth was mustered in at New Haven in September 1861. In December, the 845-man regiment arrived at Ship Island, Mississippi, and was among the first Union troops to enter New Orleans after the city surrendered in April 1862. Two months later, the Ninth was part of the expeditionary force led by Gen. Thomas Williams that steamed up the Mississippi River in the first Union campaign to capture Vicksburg. Lacking sufficient numbers for an assault or siege, the troops were put to work excavating Williams’ Canal in an attempt to bypass Vicksburg and restore unfettered navigation of the Mississippi.

The Ninth Connecticut arrived at De Soto Point, opposite Vicksburg, on June 25, 1862, and began felling trees, cutting roots, and turning dirt. Supply problems, lack of drinking water, and temperatures that reached above 100 degrees took a heavy toll as malaria, dysentery, and heatstroke spread throughout the command. With the river level dropping and troops incapacitated by heat and disease, the canal project was abandoned on July 24, far short of completion. Some 153 men of the Ninth died within a four-month period following their arrival at the canal. While the Ninth saw no further action at Vicksburg, it participated in the Battle of Baton Rouge in August and was then assigned to defenses in the New Orleans area.

(War, US Civil • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

U.S. African Brigade

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta


U.S.
African Brigade
District Northeast Louisiana Army of the Tennessee
Col. Isaac F. Shepard

Post of Milliken’s Bend Louisiana
Col. Hiram Scofield
8th Louisiana, Col. Hiram Scofield
9th Louisiana, Col Herman Lieb, Maj. Erastus N. Owen, Lieut. Col. Charles L. Paige
11th Louisiana, Col. Edwin W. Chamberlain, Lieut. Col. Cyrus Sears
13th Louisiana, Lieut. Herman Knoll
1st Mississippi, Lieut. Col. A. Watson Webber
3rd Mississippi, Col. Richard H. Ballinger

Casualties in the attack on Milliken’s Bend Louisiana June 7, 1863
Killed 78    Wounded 246    Missing 265    Total 589

Post of Goodrich’s Landing Louisiana
Col. William F. Wood

1st Arkansas, Lieut. Col. James Campbell
10th Louisiana, Col. Frederick M. Crandal

Two companies numbering 144 officers and men of the 1st Arkansas
were captured, June 29, 1863 at Mounds, near Goodrich’s Landing

(African Americans • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Grant's Canal – 1863

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta
The remains of the canal you see here today are the result of the second Union effort to bypass Vicksburg.

In January 1863, laborers and troops under the command of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant resumed work on the canal begun in June 1862. They worked to create a ditch 60 feet wide and six feet deep – large enough to accommodate most Union boats. Their efforts failed when high water flooded Union camps and illness afflicted both soldiers and laborers. When Confederate guns at Vicksburg eventually drove away the Union dredges, work on the canal ended.

More than 500 blacks labored on the Union excavation -- far fewer than had been pressed into service here the previous year. At Grant’s approach, area planters fled with their families and the strongest of their slaves. “Only the old and sickly (blacks) with the house servant are left here,” recorded a local diarist. Still, the work of blacks on the canal signaled their increasing importance to the Union war effort.

(Left Drawing Caption)
The Federals hoped the canal would force the river to change channels and bypass Vicksburg. Though the canal filled with water, it did not catch the scouring effect of the current and began to fill with sediment. Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman admitted the canal “don’t amount to much.”

(Right Drawing Caption)
The Federals used two steam dipper dredges to speed work on the canal. But the big machines were ready targets for Vicksburg’s long-range batteries. After only a few weeks work, the dredges were forced to withdraw.

(African Americans • War, US Civil • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Freedmen Fight at Milliken's Bend

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta
On June 7, 1863, black troops fought a vicious battle to defend the Union supply base at Milliken’s Bend, 15 miles northwest of here. Their victory proved black troops could fight well and helped ensure that the siege at Vicksburg would end in Union victory four weeks later.

At Milliken’s Bend the Confederates met black troops who had been in the service only days or weeks. In brutal hand-to-hand combat, the Confederates drove the Federals back. But the black troops, aided by the white 23rd Iowa, held on long enough for Union gunboats to arrive; a naval bombardment in turn drove the Southerners off. Nearly forty percent of the black troops were killed or wounded – many of them by bayonets or clubbed muskets.

“It is impossible for men to show greater gallantry than the Negro Troops in this fight”
- Brig. Gen. Elias S. Dennis, USA

(Drawing Caption)
More than 180,000 black troops – most of them under the command of white offices – fought for the Union. Milliken’s Bend was the second engagement of the war in which United States Colored Troops fought.

(Map Caption)
The Confederate plan: relieve Vicksburg by crippling Union supply facilities in Louisiana. Southern brigades attacked both Milliken’s Bend and Young’s Point. At both places they were defeated.

(African Americans • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

U.S. Operations Against Vicksburg

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta

U.S.
Operations Against Vicksburg May 18 - July 24, 1862;
Department of the Gulf.
Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler;
2d Brigade, Department of the Gulf.
Brig. Gen. Thomas Williams;
---------- 9th Connecticut Infantry, Col. Thomas W. Cahill;
30th Massachusetts Infantry, Col Nathan A.M. Dudley;
6th Michigan Infantry, Capt. Charles E. Clarke;
7th Vermont Infantry, Col. George T. Roberts;
4th Wisconsin Infantry, Col. Halbert E. Paine;
2d Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery, Capt. Ormand F. Nims;
6th Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery, Capt. Charles Everett;
--------- This brigade accompanied Flag Officer David G. Farragut’s flotilla up the Mississippi River to Vicksburg and disembarked opposite the city in Madison Parish, Louisiana. Here the troops were put to work excavating a canal across the base of DeSoto Point in order to create a secure channel for navigation that would bypass the powerful Confederate batteries at Vicksburg. The effort ended in failure as Union soldiers succumbed to the heat, humidity, and disease. In late July, with the fleet threatened by rapidly falling water, the Federal forces withdrew downriver to Baton Rouge and New Orleans.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Williams' Canal – 1862

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Louisiana, Madison Parish, Delta
Rather than attack Vicksburg directly, the Federals at first tried to engineer their way around the Confederate stronghold.

In June 1862, Union troops started digging a canal across the foot of DeSoto Point. The theory: the river would adopt the new channel, and Union shipping would be able to bypass Vicksburg. The “Gibraltar of the South” would become just another inland town.

Work on the 1.5 mile canal began on June 27. To speed the digging, the Federals pressed more than 1,200 blacks from area plantations into service alongside the soldiers. For a month the laborers and soldiers toiled, reduced by sickness and hampered by falling water levels. On July 24, with more than half the work force incapacitated, Williams abandoned the project.

(Map Caption)
Most of the canal lay just beyond the effective range of the Confederate batteries at Vicksburg. The Confederates, however, constructed new batteries to fire on the mouth of the canal below Vicksburg. Even if the canal had been finished, Confederate artillery fire would have made its use extremely hazardous.

(Image Caption)
Brig. Gen. Thomas Williams, architect of the first Union effort to bypass Vicksburg with a canal. Williams would die at the battle of Baton Rouge (August 5, 1862) just weeks after he abandoned the canal project.

(Drawing Caption)
Black laborers working on “Williams’ Canal.” Laborers and soldiers suffered alike from sun stroke, diarrhea, and malaria. Hundreds died.

(African Americans • War, US Civil • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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