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Hyde Park World War II Korean War Monument

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New York, Dutchess County, Hyde Park
Honor Roll
Of Those Who Served In
World War II and Korean Conflict
From Town of Hyde Park
-----------------------------------
Those Who Made the Supreme Sacrifice Brannon, Edward • Bircher, Thomas • Chase, Russell S. • Collins, Raymond • Dubois, William M. • Gelermino, Alfonso • Hammond, John • Hover, Newton • Ingersol, Herbert • Lister, Donald • Nittiskie, Vincent M. • Roeper, Frederick E. • Roosevelt, Franklin Delano • Sherrod, Joseph • Short, William • Sonberg, William -----------------------------------
( 578 names )

(War, Korean • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Labrot & Graham Distillery

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Kentucky, Woodford County, Versailles

Labrot & Graham Distillery
has been designated a
National
Historic Landmark

This site possesses national significance
in commemorating the history of the
United States of America


2000
National Park Service
United States Department of the Interior

(Industry & Commerce • Landmarks) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sir James Lucas Yeo

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
Born at Southampton, England, Yeo entered the British Navy, served throughout the Napoleonic Wars and won rapid promotion by his ability. In 1813, already a Commodore, he came to Canada to command British forces on the Great Lakes. Yeo successfully blockaded the American fleet in Sackett's Harbour for some months and subsequently commanded the naval forces at the capture of Oswego in 1814. Returning to England after the war he was posted to the West African Coast and died at sea while returning from that tour of duty.

French:
Né à Southampton (G.-B.), Yeo entra dans la Marine royale. Ses exploits au cours des guerres napoléoniennes lui valurent un avancement rapide. En 1813, il prit le commandement, à titre de commodore, des troupes britanniques des Grands Lacs. Yeo organisa le blocus de la flotte américaine à Sackett's Harbour et le maintint pendant quelques mois, avant de commander les forces navales lors de là prise d'Oswego en 1814. Rentré en Angleterre après la guerre, il fut envoyé sur la côte occidentale de l'Afrique. Il mourut en mer pendant le voyage de retour.

(War of 1812 • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

El Cafetalón

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El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla

La voluntad de don
Eduardo Guirola fue:
“Ni por motivo de utilidad o necesidad puede venderse o enajenarse, hipotecarse, dar en usufructo, anticresis, arrendamiento, o afectar de algun otro modo el dominio y posesion de la finca
“El Cafetalon”
Ni de una sola parcela de ella.”
Tomado de la escriture original de donacion con fecha 1 de marzo de 1941

English translation:
It was the desire of Eduardo Guirola that: “For no reason of utility or need can the property be sold, given away, mortgaged, loaned, rented or in any other way managed in which the possession of the farm or any parcel of it be affected.”
“El Cafetalon”
Words taken from the original deed donating the property on March 1, 1941


(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Obsidian Cliff

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Wyoming, Park County, Mammoth Springs
Yellowstone Plateau glowed red from volcanic activity, with molten rock welling up and spreading from numerous fissures. Obsidian Cliff, a 180,000-year-old lava flow, is part of the evidence. Cooling and shrinking, the lava solidified into large columns visible at the base of the cliff.

Obsidian is a rock of high silica content with few visible crystals. By contrast, Golden Gate, 10 miles north, cuts through a lighter-colored flow of welded ash. The two formation are chemically identical but look different because they cooled under different conditions. Yellowstone's cliffs and canyons are charged with invisible movement: a sense of fiery, dynamic origin and gradual but unmistakable cracking and crumbling over time.

(Native Americans • Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Oscar Eusebio Argueta

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El Salvador, San Salvador, San Salvador

San Salvador, Nuestra Capital
A la memoria de un salvadoreño ejemplar
Oscar Eusebio Argueta
1928 2010
Construido durante la administración de
Dr. Norman Quijano
Alcalde Municipal
Rubén Martínez – Escultor
San Salvador, 15 de Enero de 2011

English translation:
San Salvador, Our Capital
Dedicated to the memory of an exemplary Salvadoran
Oscar Eusebio Argueta
1928 2010
Constructed during the administration of Dr. Norman Quijana, Mayor
Rubén Martínez – Sculptor
San Salvador, January 15, 2011

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pro Patria 1812-1814

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
In memory of the officers and seamen of the Royal Navy and Provincial Marine, and the officers and soldiers on the Royal Marines, Royal Newfoundland, King’s (8th) and 100th Regiments, who served on Lake Ontario in defence of Canada in 1812-1814.

French:
À la mémoire des officiers et de matelots de la Royal Navy et de la Marine provinciale, des fusiliers des Royal Marines, des officiers et des soldats du Royal Newfoundland Regiment, du 8ᵉ (King’s) Regiment royal et du 100ᵉ Regiment qui se sont battus sur le lac Ontario pour la défense du Canada de 1812 à 1814.

(War of 1812 • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kiosk of Daniel Hernandez Plaza

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El Salvador, La Libertad, Santa Tecla
En la celebracion del Centesimo Quincuagesimo Aniversario
de fundacion de la ciudad
reconstruyo y embellecio
El kioskco de la Plaza de Daniel Hernandez
Como un aporte al patrimonio de los tecleños
Dado en la ciudad de Santa Tecla a los 23 dias del mes de diciembre de 2004

English translation:
In the celebration of the 150th Anniversary
Since the founding of the city
Reconstructed and beautified
The kiosk of Daniel Hernandez Plaza
Supporting the heritage of the people of Santa Tecla
Given this day in Santa Tecla, December 23, 2004


(Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Erie Canal

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New York, Cayuga County, Brutus
Construction of the Erie Canal was hailed as the greatest engineering accomplishment to that time. Under the leadership of Governor De Witt Clinton, construction began July 4, 1817. With little technical knowledge, thousands of workers surveyed, blasted and dug a 363-mile canal across the state. They hewed through solid rock and dug in marshes; they erected aqueducts to carry the canal over rivers and valleys; and they built 83 locks to take the canal over changes in ground level. When completed in October, 1825, the Erie connected Albany and Buffalo and became the main route between the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes.

Passenger and freight barges crowded the canal. Western New York flourished with new, cheap transportation. The Erie Canal also hastened development of the Mid-West. Success of the Erie stimulated enlargement of the original canal in the 1840's and construction of additional canals. More than 500 miles of canals connected the Erie to other sections of New York State. After the 1870's, canal transportation declined and many canals closed. The Erie was modernized in 1918 as part of the State Barge Canal System consisting of the Erie, Champlain, Oswego and Cayuga-Seneca Canals.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Frederick

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
With the outbreak of the War of 1812, a blockhouse was quickly constructed on Point Frederick complementary to and earlier one built on Point Henry. Both provided protection for the Kingston dockyard which was the pivotal point of the Provincial Marine on Lake Ontario. Defences were strengthened throughout the war, with signifiant log-and-earth fortifications added on both sides. Guns within the original Point Frederick earthwork installation were used on 10 November, 1812, against American Commodore Isaac Chauncey’s naval squadron in his failed attempt to destroy both the dockyard and the largest British vessel there, the Royal George. In the decades after the war, Fort Frederick’s stone Martello Tower with its surrounding walls and earthworks were constructed on the original Point Frederick site. This was part of six similar installations built to strengthen Kingston’s defences, the dockyard, the Rideau Canal, and entrance to the St. Lawrence River from possible United States aggression in such crises as the Canadian rebellions of 1837 and later Oregon Boundary dispute. Fort Frederick was only abandoned in 1870. The name of both the Point and Fort is still debated as honoring either Frederick, Prince of Wales, the father of George III or Sir Frederick Haldimand, Governor of Canada in 1764. Today the Fort Frederick Martello tower houses the Royal Military College of Canada museum.

French:
Avec le déclenchement de la guerre de 1812, un blockhaus fut rapidement construit sur la pointe Frederick pour accompagner celui construit plus tôt sur la pointe Henry. Les deux offraient une protection pour le chantier naval de Kingston qui était le point central de la Marine provinciale sur la lac Ontario. Les defenses ont été renforcées tout au long de la guerre, avec d’importantes fortifications de terre et de billots ajoutées sur les deux sites. Les canons au sein de la fortification en terre originale de la pointe Frederick ont été utilisés le 10 novembre 1812, conte l’escadron naval du Commodore américain Isaac Chauncey lors de sa tentative avortée de détruire à la fois l’arsenal et le plus grand navire britannique qui y était, le Royal George. Dans les décennies après la guerre, la tour Martello en pierre du fort Frederick, avec ses murs et terrassements environnants ont été construits sur le site original de la point Frederick, Cela faisait partie des six installations similaires érigées pour renforces les défenses de Kingston, du chantier naval, du canal Rideau, et de l’entrée du fleuve St-Laurent contre d’éventuelles agressions par les États-Unis dans des crises comme les rébellions canadiennes de 1837 et, plus tard, le conflit de la frontière de l’Oregon. Le fort Frederick n’a été abandonné qu’en 1870. Le nom de la pointe et du fort est encore l’objet de débats, à savoir si le nom honore soit Frederick, le Prince de Galles, père du George III, ou Sir Frederick Halimand, Gouverneur du Canada en 1764. Aujourd’hui la tour Martello de fort Frederick abrite les Musée du Collège militaire royal du Canada.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Point Frederick Buildings

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
This peninsula, headquarters of the Provincial Marine (c. 1790-1813), and of the Royal Navy (1813-1853), was the major British naval base on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Buildings surviving from this period include the Naval Hospital, the Guard House complex, and the Stone Frigate. On the southern part of the peninsula stands Fort Frederick, erected in 1812-13 but completely rebuilt in 1846. In 1875 the Point was chosen as the site of the Royal Military College of Canada which admitted its first class in June 1876.

French:
Cette péninsule, quartier général de la Provincial Marine (c. 1790-1813) et de la Marine royale (1813-1853), fut la principale base maritime des Britanniques sur le lac Ontario durant la Guerre de 1812-1814. De cette période, on retrouve l'hôpital naval, le corps de garde et la Stone Frigate. À l'extrémité sud de la péninsule s'élève le fort Frederick, construit entre 1812 et 1813 et entièrement reconstruit en 1846. En 1875 la pointe Frederick fut choisie pour héberger le Royal Military College of Canada qui ouvrit ses portes en juin 1876.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Point Frederick Artillery Battery

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
In November 1812, guns of the original fort here were fired against American ships attacking Kingston. Perhaps this attack came as retaliation for the earlier Canadian one on Sackets (sic) Harbor, but more likely American commander Chauncey felt his squadron sufficiently strong to destroy Anglo-Canadian power on the lake and centered at Kingston. But that failed, giving the British Army the opportunity to build here a new, more powerful battery of 6 and 9 pounder guns with a 45-foot square blockhouse. Supporting buildings at the tip of Point Frederick provided protection for the blockhouse which stood on the approximate location of the Fort Frederick Tower, constructed in 1846 and preserved today as the Museum of the Royal Military College. Additional batteries and fortifications were established on Point Henry and fortified outposts were built on Amherst and Snake Islands, Lemoyne Point and Lake Ontario Point to control the approaches to Kingston harbour, but these guns were never fired in action.

French:
En novembre 1812, des canons du fort qui a l’origine se trouvait ici, ont tiré contre des navires américains qui attaquaient Kingston. Peut-être que cette attaque a eu lieu en représailles à l’attaque canadienne menée plus tôt sur Sackets (sic) Harbour, mais il est plus probable que le Commodore américain Chauncey croyait son escadron suffisamment fort pour détruire la puissance anglo-canadienne sur la lac, centrée sur Kingston. Mais cela a échoué, donnant à l’Armée britannique la chance de construite ici une nouvelle batterie plus puissante de canon de 6 et 9 livres avec un blockhaus de 45 pieds carres. Des bâtiments de soutien au bout de la pointe Frederick assuraient la protection du blockhaus qui se trouvait à peu près sur l’emplacement de la tour du Fort Frederick, construite en 1846, et utilisée aujourd’hui en tant que musée du Collége militaire royal. Des batteries et des fortifications supplémentaires ont été installées sur la pointe Henry et des avant-postes fortifiés ont été construits sur les îles Amherst et Snake, à la point Lemoyne et la pointe Lac Ontario pour contrôler les approches du port de Kingston; toutefois, leurs canons n’ont jamais tiré dans le feu de l’action.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Point Frederick

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
A strategic location for the defence of the Loyalist settlement at Cataraqui (Kingston), this point was reserved in 1788 and named after Sir Frederick Haldimand, Governor of Quebec (1778-86). In 1790-91 a guardhouse and storehouse were built. By 1792 a dockyard was in operation and during the War of 1812 this vital naval base was fortified. On November 10, 1812, the Fort Frederick battery took part in repulsing an American naval squadron under Commodore Isaac Chauncey. This structure, one of four massive stone Martello towers built to strengthen Kingston's defences, was erected in 1846-47 during the Oregon boundary crisis between the United States and Britain. In 1852 the dockyard was closed and in 1870 Fort Frederick was abandoned.

French:
Cette point, lieu stratégique de defense de Cataraqui (Kingston) est réservée en 1788 pour usage militaire et nommée en memoire de Sir Frederick Haldimand, gouverneur de Québec (1778-1786). Un poste de garde et un dépôt y sont construits en 1790-1791 et, vers 1792, un arsenal est en activité. Cette base navale et ensuite fortifiée pendant la guerre de 1812 et le 10 novembre 1812, la batterie de Fort Frederick prend part au refoulement d’une escadre américaine commandée Isaac Chauncey. Ce bâtiment de quatre tours Martello est construit en 1846-1847 pour la defense de Kingston pendant l’affaire de l’Oregon entre les États-Unis et la Grande-Bretagne. En 1852, l’arsenal est fermé et en 1870, le Fort Frederick abandonné.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Stone Frigate

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
Once part of a large and active naval dockyard, this substantial stone building was erected as a warehouse for naval stores. Although initially planned in 1816, it was not completed until four years later when the need for storage facilities to hold gear and rigging from British warships dismantled in compliance with the Rush-Bagot Agreement had become acute. After the Rebellion of 1837 the building briefly functioned as a barracks for the naval detachment charged with patrolling the lakes. It was then apparently used as a storehouse again. By 1876 the structure, now known as the Stone Frigate, had been refitted to house the newly-established Royal Military College of Canada, an institution it continues to serve.

French:
Ce grand bâtiment de pierre servait autrefois d’entrepôt pour les magasins d’un important chantier naval. Conçu en 1816, sa construction ne s’acheva que quatre ans plus tard lorsqu’il y eut un besoin urgent de locaux pour entreposer l’équipement et le gréement des vaisseaux britanniques démantelés suite au traité Rush-Bargot, Après la rébellion de 1837, il servit brièvement de caserne au détachement naval chargé de patrouiller les lacs, puis serait redevenu un entrepôt. En 1876, remis en état et désormais appelé “Stone Frigate,” ce bâtiment abritait le tout nouveau College militaire royal de Canada, qui l’occupe jusqu’a ce jour.

(Forts, Castles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Wellington

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Ontario, Leeds and Grenville Counties, Prescott
English:
The first Fort Wellington was erected on this site during the War of 1812 to shelter British regular troops and Canadian militia defending the vital St. Lawrence River transportation route. In February 1813 those soldiers crossed the ice to capture Ogdensburg, N. Y. When rebellion threatened Upper Canada in 1838 the fort was in ruins. Construction had scarcely begun on the present fort in November 1838 when a band of Canadian rebels and American sympathizers attacked, they were defeated nearby at the Battle of the Windmill by troops assembled at this fort.

French:
Érigé ici, en 1812 pour défendre la voie stratégique de Sainte-Laurent, le premier fort Wellington logea des troupes régulières britanniques et des milices canadiennes. Traversant le fleuve gelé, cette petite armée s'empara d'Ogdensburg (N.Y.), en février 1813. Quand les troubles de 1838 menacèrent le Haut-Canada, le fort tombait en ruines. La construction du fort actuel de commencer quand, en novembre 1838, un groupe de rebelles et de partisans américains attaquèrent le forces réunies au fort leur infligèrent la défaite à la bataille du Windmill.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 13 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The High Bridge

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Virginia, Cumberland County, near Farmville
“There have been higher bridges not so long and longer bridges not so high, but taking the height and length together, this is, perhaps, the largest bridge in the world.”
-C.O. Sanford, South Side Railroad’s chief engineer,1852

In 1854 the South Side Railroad was completed from Petersburg to Lynchburg. To cross the Appomattox River east of Farmville, High Bridge was constructed. The bridge, 2,400 feet in length and ranging from 60 to 125 feet in height, was built on 21 brick piers. The original wood bridge had a pedestrian walkway beside the tracks and a wagon bridge below.

On April 6 and 7, 1865, the bridges were of strategic importance to the armies of General Robert E. Lee and General Ulysses S. Grant as they moved westward from Richmond toward Appomattox Court House. On April 6th, following the Battle of Sailor’s Creek, a small group of Union infantry and cavalry attempted to destroy the bridge but were deterred by Confederate horsemen who arrived on the scene. On the morning of April 7th, quick marching Union troops came upon High Bridge as the Confederates were setting fire to it after crossing. Using the lower wagon bridge to continue their pursuit, Grant's men pressed on eventually coming in contact with Lee's army around nearby Cumberland Church.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Railroads & Streetcars • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The High Bridge

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Virginia, Prince Edward County, near Farmville
“There have been higher bridges not so long and longer bridges not so high, but taking the height and length together, this is, perhaps, the largest bridge in the world.”
-C.O. Sanford, South Side Railroad’s chief engineer,1852

In 1854 the South Side Railroad was completed from Petersburg to Lynchburg. To cross the Appomattox River east of Farmville, High Bridge was constructed. The bridge, 2,400 feet in length and ranging from 60 to 125 feet in height, was built on 21 brick piers. The original wood bridge had a pedestrian walkway beside the tracks and a wagon bridge below.

On April 6 and 7, 1865, the bridges were of strategic importance to the armies of General Robert E. Lee and General Ulysses S. Grant as they moved westward from Richmond toward Appomattox Court House. On April 6th, following the Battle of Sailor’s Creek, a small group of Union infantry and cavalry attempted to destroy the bridge but were deterred by Confederate horsemen who arrived on the scene. On the morning of April 7th, quick marching Union troops came upon High Bridge as the Confederates were setting fire to it after crossing. Using the lower wagon bridge to continue their pursuit, Grant's men pressed on eventually coming in contact with Lee's army around nearby Cumberland Church.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Railroads & Streetcars • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Camp Paradise

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Virginia, Prince Edward County, near Farmville
Veteran, war-worn, French speaking "chic creoles" of the Donaldsonville Artillery detachment of 43 Louisiana Creole Canonniers received orders to guard High Bridge by the Lynchburg Confederate Military District Commander Francis T. Nicholls, a native of Donaldsonville. By June 1864, a bivouac of log cabins were built across the railroad tracks from the Overton house by the Canonniers under the direction of Lieutenant Camille Mollere.

The post, commanded by Major Victor Maurin, was tasked in manning the four casemated earthworks fortifications and their 21 artillery pieces which covered approaches to High Bridge. Having been "feasted" and "pampered" by local families of Prince Edward and Cumberland counties, the post became known as "Camp Paradise" by these Gunners of Donaldsonville.

The Donaldsonville Artillery detachment took part in the Battle of High Bridge on April 6, 1865, after which they joined the Army of Northern Virginia’s retreat and surrendered with General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox.

(captions)
Fortifications at High Bridge, Va.: Main Fort, Traverse, Railroad Fort
Garrisoned by 3rd Virginia Reserves – Col. Richard A. Booker
Major Victor Maurin – Artillery (21 pieces)

(Forts, Castles • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Rideau Canal

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Ontario, National Capital Region, Ottawa
English:
Built between 1826 and 1832, the Rideau Canal is the best preserved, fully operational example of North America’s great canal building era. Lieutenant-Colonel John By’s innovative deign was based on a “slackwater” system that linked lakes and rivers on a scale unprecedented in North America. The result was one of the first canals in the world engineered for steam-powered vessels. Its construction through more than 200 kilometres of bush, swamps, and lakes was a monumental feat. Each year, as many as 5,000 workers, mainly Irish immigrants and French Canadians, toiled under the supervision of civil contractors and the Royal Engineers. Working in extremely difficult conditions, they endured injury and disease, and hundreds died. This fortified waterway was intended as a safe military supply route between Montréal and Lake Ontario by providing an alternative to the St. Lawrence River. It chiefly served as a key artery for moving goods and people until the 1850s and became a popular recreational destination in the 20th century. The Rideau Canal was inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2007.

French:
Cette voie navigable, réalisée entre 1826 and 1832, constitue le canal en activité le mieux conserve de tous ceux bâtis à la grande époque de la construction des canaux en Amérique du Nord. Le lieutenant-colonel John By élabora un projet novateur basé sur un système à plans d’eau successifs pour relier lacs et rivières à une échelle encore jamais vue en Amérique du Nord. Il créa ainsi l’un des premiers canaux au monde conçus pour les bateaux à vapeur. La construction menée sur plus de 200 kilomètres de forêts, de marécages et de lacs relevait de l’exploit. Chaque année, jusqu’a 5 000 ouvriers, la plupart des immigrants irlandais et des Canadiens français, y travaillaient sous la supervision d’entrepreneurs civils et l’ingéniais royaux. Ils oeuvraient dans des conditions difficiles où les maladies et les blessures étaient nombreuses, des centaines trouvant la mort. Ce canal fortifié devait remplacer le fleuve Saint-Laurent comme voie de ravitaillement militaire entre Montréal et le lac Ontario. Il joua surtout un rôle clé dans le transport des biens et des le des personnes jusqu’aux années 1850, puis devint aux XXᵉ siècle une destination récréative prisée. Le canal Rideau a été inscrit en 2007 sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

African-Americans at High Bridge

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Virginia, Prince Edward County, near Farmville

Engineer Department Activities
The High Bridge fortifications were built, in part, with the help of area free men of color who were conscripted for Confederate service. The Confederate Congress authorized the draft of free men of color to support military activities. Confederate records indicate there were about 30 black Confederates supporting the Confederate Engineer Department at High Bridge in September 1864. The Bureau of Conscription authorized a draft for free African-Americans from Appomattox, Prince Edward, Amelia, Buckingham and Cumberland Counties to support Captain William G. Bender, the engineer in charge of construction of the fortifications. By December 1864, there were at least 50 such engaged in work. These men were provided Confederate uniforms and blankets due to coldweather.

(captions)
Right image: Order of blankets and uniforms for free blacks working at High Bridge.
Left image: Work detail on fortifications.

(African Americans • Forts, Castles • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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