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Commodore’s Residence, 1815

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
On 19 March 1813 Sir James Yeo, a brave and audacious commander earlier in the Napoleonic War, was appointed Commodore and senior officier on the Lakes of Canada. Having never commanded a Squadron before, he was instructed by the Admiralty not to undertake operations without “the full concurrence and approbation” of Sir George Prevost, the Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of British North America. Moreover, Yeo speedily discovered that his instinct for daring initiatives also has to be tempered by larger interests: control over Lake Ontario, the crucial link between the arsenal-dockyard at Kingston and all the Anglo-Canadian naval and military operations westward, as well as those on Lake Chaplain. With the Royal Navy having assumed responsibility for the naval base at Kingston and of all the warships on the Great Lakes, under Yeo’s leadership the strength and importance of this inland naval force grew immensely. In recognition in May 1814, Yeo’s command was up-graded making him “Commander in Chief of His Majesty’s Ships and Vessels on the Lake of Canada.” Note the first rate ships, Canada and Wolfe, (each planned to be 120 guns) under construction in the dockyard of Navy Bay to the left of Yeo’s residence.

French:
Le 19 mars 1813 Sir James Yeo, un commandant courageux et audacieux plus tôt lors de la guerre napoléonienne, a été nommé Commodore et officier supérieur sur les lacs du Canada. N’ayant jamais commandé un escadron avant, il a été chargé par l’Amirauté de ne pas entreprendre d’opérations sans «l’assentiment complet et l’approbation» de Sir George Prevost, le Capitaine-général et Gouverneur en chef de l’Amérique du Nord britannique. En outre, Yeo a rapidement découvert que son instinct pour des initiatives audacieuses devait aussi être tempéré par des intérêts plus importants : le contrôle sur le lac Ontario, lien crucial entre l’arsenal et le chantier naval de Kingston et l’ensemble de opérations navales et militaires anglo-canadiennes vers l’ouest, ainsi que celles sur le lac Champlain. Suite à la prise sous charge de la base navale de Kingston et de tous les navires sur les Grands Lacs par la Royal Navy, l’importance et la puissance de la force navale intérieure ont grandement augmenté grâce au leadership de Yeo. En reconnaissance en mai 1814, le commandement de Yeo a été haussé et il devint le «Commandant en chef des navires et des bateaux de Sa Majesté sur les lacs du Canada». Notez les navires de ligne de premier rang, Canada et Wolfe, (chacun prévu pour 120 canons) sous construction dans le chantier naval de baie Navy à la gauche de la résidence de Yeo.

(Forts, Castles • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kingston Navy Yard

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Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston
English:
The Navy Yard established in 1789 as a trans-shipment point for the Great Lakes and as the Provincial Marine's Lake Ontario base was administered by the Admiralty after 1813. During the War of 1812 Commodore James Yeo, R. N., commanded a considerable squadron built in these yards, including the 112-gun ST. LAWRENCE. This base posed a constant threat to the Americans, who never felt strong enough to risk a direct attack. The Rush-Bagot agreement of 1817, which limited armaments on the lakes, brought about a decline in activity, and by mid-century the yards were closed.

French:
L'arsenal de la marine, construit ici en 1789 par la Provincial Marine et administré par l'Amirauté à compter de mars 1813, était le port de transbordement des Grands Lacs. Le commodore James Yeo y commanda durant la guerre de 1812 une flotte considérable construite ici, dont le plus imposant navire fut le ST. LAWRENCE. Les Américains, pour des raisons stratégiques, voulaient s'emparer de l'arsenal mais ne passèrent jamais à l'action. Le désarmement naval convenu lors de l'accord Rush-Bagot (1817) immobilisa l'activité à l'arsenal. Au milieu du siècle son utilité périclita devant les nouveaux moyens de transport.

(Forts, Castles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Granny Cowden

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

Granny Cowden was believed to have been the 1st white woman in Kansas. You can visit her grave in the Civil War section at the Iola Cemetery west of town on Highway 54. You can also find out more about her in the Allen County Historical Museum at the intersection of Washington and Madison Avenues.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Nathanael Greene

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Rhode Island, Kent County, Coventry
Of the
generals of the American
Revolution,
second only to Washington.
Built this house in 1770
and lived in it as a private.
He joined the army
at Cambridge in 1775.

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

East Jackson Street Businesses

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

[Top photo caption reads]
Notice Iola's 1st horse-drawn ambulances and hearse in front of Culbertson's building. The top floor, as well as the west entrance on the bottom was used for Culbertson's mortuary business, and the east side was an art supply store.

[Bottom photo caption reads]
This building was built in 1905. Laundry services were an essential business in this era because average homes did not have laundering services.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Josiah Colborn

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

Josiah Colborn was one of the founding fathers and first businessmen of Iola. He was the husband of Iola Colborn, Iola's namesake.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Johnston Birthplace

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville
Near here on February 3, 1803, General Albert Sidney Johnston, Confederate leader, was born. He resigned from the U.S. Army in 1861 to join the South. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Early Stage-Mail Route

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville
This route follows the Buffalo Trace from the Ohio to Licking rivers and was first known as "Smith's Wagon Road." In 1829, President Andrew Jackson's Postmaster General, Wm. T. Barry, planned mail stage route, extension of branch of "National Pike," from Zanesville through Lexington to New Orleans. Maysville to Washington was the first macadamized road west of the Alleghenies.

(Roads & Vehicles • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Joseph Desha (1768-1842) / Old Court-New Court Issue

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville


Joseph Desha (1768-1842) As governor, Desha became major proponent of debtor relief. The Pa. native, under Wayne and Harrison, fought Indians and led troops at Battle of Thames, 1813. Elected from Mason Co. to Ky. legislature and Congress. During his 1824-28 term as governor, he favored the controversial reorganization of Ky. Court of Appeals. Desha was buried in Georgetown, Ky. Over.

Old Court-New Court Issue After Panic of 1819 and depression, the Ky. Court of Appeals struck down numerous relief measures as unconstitutional. Prorelief Desha forces in state legislature abolished Old Court and created a New Court. Angered, Old Court refused to vacate. Both courts sat simultaneously. By 1826, New Court canceled and court reorganization repealed. Issue gradually faded.

(Native Americans • Politics • War of 1812 • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mefford's Fort

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville
Built of boards of the flatboat on which George Mefford, his wife, & thirteen children, of Maryland, descended the Ohio in 1787. Many such houses were built along the river prior to 1800.

(Forts, Castles • Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Alexander W. Doniphan

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville
Born, 1808, about five miles west. Moved to Mo., 1830. As Brig. Gen., Mo. Militia, quelled Mormon riots with no bloodshed, 1838; refused execute Prophet Smith and others court-martialed. In 1846, Mexican War, formed lst Reg. Mo. Mounted Volunteers and led them through a brilliant 3,600-mile campaign, defeating larger Mexican armies with his poorly equipped force.

(Churches, Etc. • War, Mexican-American) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Washington Baptist Church Cemetery / Washington Baptist Cemetery

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville


Washington Baptist Church Cemetery Site of Limestone Baptist Church (renamed Washington), organized in 1785 by Wm. Wood, first pastor. He and Arthur Fox, Sr., bought land from Simon Kenton and laid out Washington that year. Wood gave land for the church and cemetery. Church burned twice; not rebuilt after 1889. Part of Washington Historic District. See over.

Washington Baptist Cemetery Buried here are pioneers, Indians, Revolutionary War soldiers and-in a common grave-some 40 early Presbyterians of Washington and Murphysville. The first two Presbyterian pastors, Robert Wilson and Paradise Lost McAboy, are here; also Arthur Fox, Sr., Indian fighters Charles and James Ward, and Abigail H. Johnston, mother of Albert Sidney Johnston.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hemp in Kentucky / Hemp in Mason County

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Kentucky, Mason County, Maysville


Hemp in Kentucky First crop grown, 1775. From 1840 to 1860, Ky. production largest in U.S. Peak in 1850 was 40,000 tons, with value of $5,000,000. Scores of factories made twine, rope, gunny sacks, bags for cotton picking and marketing. State's largest cash crop until 1915. Market lost to imported jute, freed of tariff. As war measure, hemp grown again during World War II. See over.

Hemp in Mason County The only major hemp-producing Ky. county outside the Blue Grass area. The 1810 crop income was $70,000. Maysville second to Louisville in finished hemp products, 1830s. Nicholas Arthur's factory, using horsepower, was one of several ropewalks, long buildings for spiral winding of hemp fibers. It processed yearly 600,000 lbs. of rope worth $41,000. See over.

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

East Jackson Street Businesses

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

[Top photo caption reads]
The YMCA was built in this block in 1907. It featured an indoor swimming pool, bowling alley, and various sporting amenities. The cost of upkeep led to the building being torn down.

[Bottom photo caption reads]
This is a 1948 Veteran's Day Parade. Notice the Security Savings & Loan building in the background. The building is still standing today.

(Charity & Public Work • Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Sports) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Village of Port Byron

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New York, Cayuga County, Port Byron

1. Park Hotel: Dates from the bustling railroad days in the mid-eighteen hundreds when it was known as "National Hotel". The Park Hotel was built by Samuel Lamkin in 1835. Its reputation and ownership has changed many times.
2. Masonic Block: Built just prior to the Civil War. There were businesses on the first floor, Mason meeting rooms on the second and the third floor, said to be suspended from the ceiling, was used for dances and as a theater. Third owner, Richard Hoff, rented out the Hall to traveling show companies for $5.00 a night. The Village Board according to Village minutes, met here in 1851.
3. Trolly [sic] Station: Now the American Legion, was built when the Rochester, Syracuse and Eastern Railroad went through Port Byron. The trolly ran from 1908 to 1931.
4. Site of the first Post Office.
5. The Federated Church: Built in 1843 as a Presbyterian Church. It has been enlarged by 20' from the original building and repaired after a fire in 1887.
6. Brick House: Built by A.W. Green. The street was named for him. He was sheriff of Cayuga County at one time.
7. House still standing where Richard Bonelli, a famous opera star (A.K.A. George Bunn) was born on February 6, 1884.
8. Wilt's Mill: First owned by John Tanner and was purchased by Delvin Wilt, Sr. around 1917. The dam which provided the power has been removed. A number of Port Byron men, now in their middle and late 60's remember the happy times they spent in a room upstairs as members of "The Mill Club" when they were young.
9. Erie House: Was a tavern facing front on the Erie Canal. It was built by a Peter Van Detto. It is considered one of the few Erie Canal business buildings still in existance.
10. Remains of Lock 52: To the west of Van Detto's Erie House are the remains of Port Byron's double lock (two boats could be locked through at the same time). A lock was necessary here to raise and lower boats between the lower level water east of the lock and the higher water west of the lock. It was built in 1851.
11. Power House: Built in 1907 as a substation to supply power to the Rochester, Syracuse, and Eastern Railroad.
12. Kings Tavern: About one mile west of the village. This tavern was built by Philip King before the Erie Canal. It was a "half-way" stop for travelers between Buffalo and Albany.
13. Henry Wells Home: Lived on this property when he was a shoe maker. Only a portion of the basement wall in the present house is the same as when he lived here. Wells delivered packages between Rochester and Syracuse on the canal, then joined a friend from Weedsport to form Well-Fargo Express.
14. Feeder Line: The large pipe still visible although almost embedded in the earth was a "feeder line" for the Erie Canal which crossed this property.
15. St. John's Church: While Catholics had been organized and meeting since 1858, they did not purchase land for this Church until the late 1890's. The addition to the left was completed in 1972.
16. Baptist Church: This Church, now belonging to the Masons, was built about 1834.
17. Original Firehouse: Built in 1890, the first floor was used for fire fighting equipment and meetings were held on the second floor. The fire bell from the top of the building was removed in 1988 and placed in front of the present firehouse.
18. Warren's Mill: Now Day Spring Mill, is the fourth mill on this site. It was built in 1877 across the outlet from two previous mills which burned. Irving Warren purchased the mill in 1909. After the death of I. Warren, his son, Richard succeeded his father and ran the mill until the time of his death. The mill was sold in 1984.
19. Mill Pond and Dam: A dam was built across the Outlet to provide water for the mills. A "race-way" or "flume" carried water directly to the horizontal wheel which provided the power for the mill. The old waterwheel that pumped water up to the resevoir [sic] is still able to be seen in the old flume.
20. Dr. Stewart's House: A well known landmark in Port Byron. Built by D.B. Smith one of the richest men in the village at the time. It is said, the family occupied only the first floor, the second floor being a large ballroom. When the Port Byron school burned in December 1935, arrangements were made for the high school classes to meet in Dr. Stewart's House until a new school could be built.
21. Site of the Eagle Hotel Inn: Built by James Pine about 1820. Here Brigham Young married his first wife on October 24, 1824. It burned in the winter of 1856.
22. Brigham Young Home: Brigham Young, who later became leader of the Mormon Church, once lived in this house. He worked in the pail factory at Haydenville, in the drydock in Port Byron and worked as a carpenter in many Auburn homes.
23. Erie Canal and the Conservation Trail: The one and a half mile of the enlarged Erie Canal which remains between Port Byron and Centerport was made accessible to the public in the fall of 1987. The Lock 52 Historical Society with the help of the community cleared the tangle of brush which covered the former "tow path" to make the canal with it's [sic] hand placed stone sides visible to all who wish to enjoy the history and nature of the area.
24. Tanner - Shelter Drydock: Opened in the 1870's the Tanner DRydock operated until 1917 and was one of the busiest on the Erie Canal.

(Churches, Etc. • Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Iola Police Department

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

The Iola Kansas Police Department formed in 1880. These are photos of officers from the early 1900s.

(Peace) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Andrews Auto Stores

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Kansas, Allen County, Iola

This building was located at the corner of North Street and Jackson Avenue. It was torn down to accommodate the construction of a new City Hall. Although it says Andrews Auto store, it was said that he had everything, if he could find it.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Youghiougheny Overlook Welcome Center

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Maryland, Garrett County, near Friendsville
You are now in Maryland. The scene before you is the Youghiougheny River and Reservoir, a major resource for fishing, whitewater rafting, and recreation. From the Reservoir, the River flows North into Pennsylvania, where it joins the Monongahela River to become the Ohio River. The Ohio River then flows into the Mississippi River and empties into the Gulf of Mexico.

(Natural Features • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The National Road

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Maryland, Garrett County, Friendsville

“. . . so many happy people, restless in the midst of abundance.” —Alexis de Tocqueville, 1840.

Americans are an adventurous people. From past to present, they have used feet, horses, wagons, stagecoaches, canals, railroads, bicycles, automobiles, trucks and buses to “perpetually change their plans and abodes.”

Centuries ago, George Washington dreamed of a highway joining east and west. In 1806, Thomas Jefferson made that roadway a reality when he risked his Presidency by authorizing, “an Act to regulate the laying out and making [of] a road from Cumberland in the State of Maryland to the State of Ohio.”

The next generation built that “United States Road,” a thirty-foot wide, crushed stone thoroughfare that spanned rivers, traversed mountains and opened up America’s western frontier to the Mississippi. Merchants, traders and families from all over the world journeyed along this route in their quest to claim land, expand markets and form new lives.

Today, you can trace that same path along the Historic National Road. Discover the places, events and stories that shaped this nation. To have your own adventure, stop by any Welcome Center or local visitor center to speak to a travel counselor and pick up a Historic National Road map-guide.

(sidebar) Built in the early 1800s, a paved highway west was America’s first federal project. Much of the approximately 800 mile long National Road is still marked by historic milestones.

(photo caption) Are we there yet? These early 20th century travelers speak to all of us who at one time or another couldn’t wait to get out of the car. Today, we have the luxury of taking our modern interstates for granted. But who can’t relate to those faces?

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Those Who Served

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New York, Dutchess County, Hyde Park
Those Who Served
Korea Ralph Herrmann, Jr. • Neal W. Horton • Ernest W. Frank, Jr. • Robert D. Holtzman • Clarence B. Devens, Sr. • Ronald L. O’Rourke • Donald E. Veith, Sr. • George W. Berryann • James B. Cruger • Gerard F. Kilmer • Lawrence D. O’Connell • Paul H. Gross, Jr. • Martin W. Hayes, Jr. • Alfred D. Kipp • Edwin G. Kipp • Robert H. Marin, Sr. • Gerald F. Murray • Michael J. Dupilka, Jr. • Frederick W. Syler • Charles L. Pardee • Ronald R. Holtzman • Robert L. Syler • Webster R. Kipp • John F. Gaffney • Patrick J. Gaffney • Raymond B. Kearney • Ronald E. Siewert Vietnam Lawrence Platter • Vincent S. Bomba • James J. Shaughnessy • David W. Lasher • Michael F. Moahier • John R. Reynolds • Thomas G. Dressel • John L. Quimby, Jr. • Valentino T. Sammarco • Cornelius J. Lynch • Guy J. Preuss • Donald Baliszewski • William P. Timmons III World War II Frank Lane • George J. Davis • Harry M. Dykeman • William J. Dally • Daniel J. Daley • Herbert W. Griffin • Edward F. Whelan Persian Gulf Daniel J. Mcclure • Brian P. Merney • Christopher T. Wintenburg • Joseph W. Greene • Susan R. Costello • Sandra Redeway • Scott T. Floughton • Thomas W. Opdenbrouw • Sean L. Martin

(War, 1st Iraq & Desert Storm • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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