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Cyrene / Cyrene Institute

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Georgia, Decatur County, near Brinson
(Side 1):
Cyrene

Approximately 1.6 miles north of this location is the village of Cyrene. Founded about 1890 by C. S. Hodges and W. G. Powell, Cyrene was typical of the many mill towns established along the railroad to utilize the vast forests of Southern Pine. Naval stores and lumber were the primary products taken from these forests. At one time, the village had a post office, sawmill, turpentine still, cotton gin, commissaries and about 500 inhabitants. After the loss of the Hodges Sawmill to fire in 1927 and the lean Depression years that followed, the naval stores industry began to decline. Today only a few people live in the town of Cyrene.

(Side 2):
Cyrene Institute

This school was founded in 1909 by C. S. Hodges and W. G. Powell, at the Village of Cyrene, to provide preparatory education for boys. Later that year the curricula was expanded to provide co-educational teaching and the facilities were enlarged to accommodate boarding students. At that time the school was deeded to the Bowen Baptist Association. Cyrene Institute offered primary and secondary education with some college preparatory courses. The school facilities included a girls and boys dormitory, dining hall and general administration building. Accommodations were available for approximately 100 students. After only a few years in operation the school closed about 1916.

(Education • Horticulture & Forestry • Railroads & Streetcars • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

East Falls Church

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Virginia, Arlington County, East Falls Church
In the 1700s, Falls Church began along two Indian trails and included large farms anchored by an Anglican church. Several taverns and inns served as resting spots for travelers on their way to or from Leesburg, Virginia. By the 1840s, Falls Church became a village and continued progressing with the completion of the Alexandria-Leesburg turnpike, which increased the opportunity for farmers to sell goods to larger markets. East Falls Church, which developed on the eastern redge of the village, was part of the land ceded to the federal government for the creation of Washington, D.C. in 1791, but returned to Virginia in 1847.

In 1859, the Alexandria, Loudoun, and Hampshire Railroad (later owned by the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad) completed the line from Alexandria to Leesburg with a station on the western edge of Falls Church. In the 1870s, the Washington and Ohio Railroad, the subsequent owners, constructed the East Falls Church station. The railroad provided access to the District of Columbia while insulating the community from the urban lower classes who could not afford the cost of commuting. One upper class residence, the Eastman-Fenwick House, was built in 1876 and is among several still standing in East Falls Church.

East Falls Church experienced another burst of development with the arrival of the Washington, Arlington, and Falls Church electric streetcar offering service from East Falls Church to Rosslyn in 1896. Within ten years, the streetcar offered a cheap, nine-mile route to the District of Columbia, and combined with low land and house prices, transformed the area into a bedroom commuter community. As a result, Isaac Crossman estate and other surrounding farmlands were subdivided into residential developments featuring frame houses. East Falls Church also developed into a vibrant commercial center offering a wide range of shops and services, including a post office, bank, lumber yards, hardware store, livery stable, pharmacy, grocery store, and restaurants.

In the 1930s, citizens of East Falls Church petitioned the courts for exclusion from the corporate limits of Falls Church and to be considered only a part of Arlington County. Falls Church officials protested, claiming the town would lose sixty percent of its business district, thirty percent of its land, and twenty percent of its population. In 1936, the Virginia Supreme Court ruled in favor of the citizens of East Falls Church, and the resultant separation created a new sense of eastward expansion towards Arlington. An influx of federal employees in the 1930s led to the subdivision of the remaining rural farmland between East Falls Church and the rest of Arlington.

A dramatic change to East Falls Church occurred in the 1970s and the 1980s. In order to support an expanding population and encourage a new commuter population in Northern Virginia, the historic business district of East Falls Church was leveled to make way for Interstate 66, though a small automotive and industrial area remained on either side of Lee Highway.

For additional information, visit the Arlington-East Falls Church Civic Association's website.

(Industry & Commerce • Political Subdivisions • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

East Falls Church Station

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Virginia, Arlington County, East Falls Church
In August 1940, when this photograph was taken, passenger service on the Washington & Old Dominion was losing money and was being phased out. Passenger service stopped altogether in April 1941, but resumed two years later to support the national war effort.

The United States' involvement in World War II greatly increased the local workforce at the same time that gas rationing curtailed private automobile use. Complaints from local citizens - and orders from the federal government - brought service back in 1943. Eight years later the W&OD made its last passenger run.

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

"Espyd. a wolf"

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Kansas, Doniphan County, near Wathena


"...towards the Evening a many Espyd. a wolf lying a Sleep with the Noise of the Oars Racing he awoke Stood to know what was a comeing..."
Sergeant Joseph Whitehouse
July 7, 1804

The Corps of Discovery, a United States Army expedition lead by Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark passed through this area on July 7, 1804. He also described passing by a small island and noted the color of the bluffs as a yellowish color. Captain Clark wrote in his journal of the men killing a wolf that day.

The amount of game that was shot by the expedition was noted beacuse [sic] the meat was an important part of the men's diet and was a valuable commodity. Clark wrote that it required 4 deer or elk, or one buffalo, to supply the expedition members with meals for 24 hours.

[Background illustration caption reads]
Nodaway Island, where the expedition passed by, may have looked something similar to this. Artist Karl Bodmer traveled through this area seventeen years after the expedition. [Image] Courtesy of Joslyn Art Museum, Omaha, NE.

Wolves were once found in present day Kansas but are no longer in the area.

[Map] July 7, 1804 and September 12, 1806

(Animals • Environment • Exploration • Patriots & Patriotism) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Old Pirates House

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Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah
Associated with Savannah's
maritime history and Robert Louis
Stevenson's "Treasure Island".
Built in 1754. Visitors Welcome.


(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Davie County War Memorial

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North Carolina, Davie County, Mocksville
front center
Dedicated in Honor of All Davie County Veterans and to the Memory of Those Who Made the Supreme Sacrifice for Our Freedom

front left
Spanish American War (?)
World War I (18)
Vietnam (9)

front left
World War II (53)
Korean War (2)
Beirut (1)

back
Civil War (259 + 36)
...They Gave the Last Full Measure of Devotion.
1861 - 1865

(Military) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

POW-MIA Memorial

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North Carolina, Forsyth County, Lewisville
On Behalf of a Grateful Nation and a Proud American Legion
This POW-MIA flag flies to honor those veterans who, in service to this great nation, sacrificed their freedom and their physical and mental well-being as prisoners of war. It also recognizes those who are still missing in action or remain imprisoned.
________
The light at the base of this plaque will burn until all POW-MIAs are accounted for or returned home.
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Town of Lewisville
Lewisville American Legion Post 522

(Military) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sumter's Memorial To Its Brave Soldiers

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South Carolina, Sumter County, Sumter
In solemn and thankful remembrance of the unselfish and patriotic sacrifice on the part of the brave men of Sumter County who served in the forces of the United States of America in the war against Germany and her allies for the preservation of the rights of mankind throughout the world. This park is given and dedicated in perpetuity for the use of the people of Sumter.

Deed of gift in trust executed by thirty-seven citizens, August 1st, 1919.

(War, World I) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Horton Signal

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Rehoboth
When the British occupied Newport, RI. during the Revolution they often threatened the surrounding towns with raids or "alarums" as they were called. When a raid began a system of beacon fires were lit to warn the militia in neighboring towns to turn out.

The gathering place for Rehoboth's militia was the "Liberty Tree" near the monument at the foot of the hill on Brook Street.

From here the town kept a continual watch for beacon fires from the direction of Barrington R.I.

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Palmer River Pound

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Rehoboth
This town pound maintained by Col. Frederick Drown for many years. Stray cattle were kept here until retrieved by their owners.

The Wheeler family ran a pot ash business nearby.

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Original Oak Swamp Church

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Rehoboth
Framing for this church had begun at Peckham Street, when disgruntled Oak Swamp people took away the timbers in the night and raised the church here.

(Churches, Etc. • Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Samual Baker Grist & Sawmill Site

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Rehoboth
Founded by Josiah Millerd in 1731. For over 140 years neighborhood farmers had their corn ground into meal and their logs sawn into lumber at this mill.

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Liberty Tree

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Rehoboth
During the American Revolution, a large white oak called "the Liberty Tree" stood near this place, which was then near the edge of a field. Beacons warning of trouble in Rhode Island could be seen by watchers at nearby Horton's Signal. After receiving an alarm from watchmen, Rehoboth's minutemen assembled here before responding to British attacks.

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Revolutionary War Memorial

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Attleboro
To perpetuate the memory of all who with unfailing loyalty furthered the cause of American Independence

(Colonial Era • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of an Early Barbed Wire Fence in the Panhandle

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Texas, Randall County, Canyon
In the latter 1880's, when fencing was needed in the treeless Texas Panhandle, the solution proved to be barbed wire. Joseph F. Glidden of Illinois devised and by 1876 was manufacturing (with I.L. Ellwood) the first really practical barbed wire on the market. H.B. Sanborn was sent to Texas as their agent, and remained to become a builder of the Panhandle.

Wanting free access to water and grass, ranchers at first resisted fencing. Cowboys disliked it, as fewer range riders were needed on fenced lands. The old-timers grew bitter, because of blocked trails—herds had to be hauled rather than driven to market.

Yet, newcomers wanted fencing, in order to have use of land purchased for ranching. Merchants and city-builders wanted fences, to assure settlement.

The T-Anchor, owned by Jot Gunter and Wm. B. Munson, real estate investors of Grayson County, built a line fence on this site in 1881, enclosing a 240,000-acre horse pasture. Also, built in this area, by popular subscription, was a “drift” fence to hold cattle back from wandering south in blue northers and blizzards.

Barbed wire gradually came into general use. It saved the cattle industry, because improvements in breeding and feeding were possible on fenced ranges.

(Agriculture • Animals) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Co. F, 2nd Bn., 142nd Inf., 36th Div., Texas National Guard

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Texas, Randall County, Canyon
The 36th Division of the U.S. Army served with distinction in World War II. When mobilized, Company F of the Division's 142nd Infantry consisted primarily of Randall County soldiers, including ten sets of brothers, as well as a father and son. The unit deployed for Italy in 1943 and was among those landing at Salerno. The men actively served in the European theater of operation, spending 400 days in combat, participating in two assault landings and receiving seven campaign streamers. During the war, eight local men lost their lives and two received the Distinguished Service Cross. From 1951 to 1968, when it disbanded, the company trained at a National Guard Armory at this site.

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First National Bank

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Texas, Randall County, Canyon
Organized Jan. 5, 1900, by L.T. Lester, S.F. Sullenberger, and 19 others. First bank in region immediately south of Amarillo. Was vital factor in developing city and county. Was involved continuously with civic programs. Lester served as chairman of the committee to secure West Texas State University.

Originally, called Stockmen's National Bank, prospered on its reputation of friendliness and trust. Has been in four different buildings during its existence. Presidents included L.T. Lester, J.W. Reid, Roy Wright, W.C. Black, Levi Cole, and W.E. Adams.

(lower plaque)
First National Bank was acquired by Norwest in 1994 and merged with Wells Fargo in 1999. It is housed under the name of Wells Fargo.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Methodist Church

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Texas, Randall County, Canyon
Earliest religious service in Canyon was in 1889. Leaders were the Revs. Jerome Harelson and Isaac Mills, of Panhandle District, Methodist Church. The Rev. B.F. Jackson organized this (city's first) church in Oct. 1889. Members: Mrs. Crain, Mrs. M.M. McGee, Mrs. A. Roper, Miss Louie Roper, Mr. and Mrs. Nix Thompson and Miss Tennie Thompson.

The Rev. Mr. Jackson preached to great throngs in Palo Duro Canyon, 1890; held first local funeral and first wedding, 1891.

Original church building was erected under the first regular pastor, the Rev. T.F. Robeson, 1900.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Stony Brook

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, Norton
This historic area along Stony Brook was named Chartley before 1700. The name is thought to be related to the iron business, which thrived in this area.

In 1695, the Taunton North Purchase granted to Thomas and James Leonard land along the Stony Brook on which to establish a bloomery and to manufacture iron. They excavated bog iron along Stony Brook. Later, Chartley Pond was formed when the excavated land along Stony Brook was flooded. Major George Leonard, son of Thomas, is credited with making this iron business a success.

On the southeastern corner is the site of the old forge. Major George Leonard's mansion was located on the northeastern corner. The Devil's Footprint Rock is still located there. In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, ice was harvested from the pond.

The nearby Wading River was used for fishing and hunting by Native Americans Long before the arrival of the Leonard family.

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mary E. Hudspeth House

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Texas, Randall County, Canyon
Built in 1909 by Thomas P. Turk, this home was originally located at 402 Palo Duro Street. After the establishment of West Texas State University in 1910, it was moved here to serve as a residence for faculty and students. Mary E. Hudspeth (1874-1943), a member of the college faculty, rented rooms in the house at its original site. She continued to occupy it following its relocation for a total of 33 years, as renter and owner. A noted educator, Hudspeth served as chairman of the Modern Languages Department at West Texas State University.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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