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In Memory of Fifteen Young Men

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Australia, Victoria, Mornington
In memory of fifteen young men lost in the bay off Mornington on the night of Saturday 21st May, 1892, while returning from a football match at Mordialloc.

Allchin, Charles E. (20 yrs), Caldwell, James R. (21 yrs), Caldwell, William L. (19 yrs), Caldwell, Hugh (17yrs), Coles, William H. (23 yrs), Comber, John (31 yrs), Firth, James (17 yrs), Grover, William E. (25 yrs), Grover, William (17 yrs), Hooper, Charles (25 yrs), Hooper, Charles F. (14 yrs), Kenna, John (18 yrs), Lawrence, Alfred H. (19yrs), Milne, George C. (36 yrs), Williams, Charles (23 yrs).

Erected by the public.

(Disasters • Sports • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Charles Stielow

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New York, Orleans County, Shelby

Charles Stielow
Nearly executed following a
1915 double murder that
occurred here, he was later
exonerated through
forensics in a famous case.

(Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Edenville

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New York, Orange, Edenville
Settled early 1700’s by the Post family. Named for the idyllic slopes of Mts. Adam & Eve. Known tor its unique minerals.

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Amity Church

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New York, Orange, Amity
Established 1796. Old Loc. Church built 1800. Current structure 1868, bell tower casualty of storm 1920’s. 1868 1000-lb. bell in use.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Orange County

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New York, Orange County, Warwick
One of original counties of the Province of New York, established 1683 by Gov. Thomas Dongan, named for William, Prince of Orange.

(Colonial Era • Political Subdivisions) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

High Breeze Farm

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New Jersey, Sussex County, Highland Lakes
This property is listed on the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places.

High Breeze was the last farm on Wawayanda Mountain. The main house dates back to 1828. From 1860 to 1986, the 160 acre farm was the home to four generations of the Barrett family. The farm never had plumbing, central heat, or telephone service, until 1986 Luther J. Barrett operated High Breeze almost as a time capsule of the 19th century farming. The State of New Jersey purchased the property in 1981 and added it to Wawayanda State Park.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Gold Coast: Cross the River

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Mississippi, Rankin County, Flowood
~Front side~ This area of Rankin County, formerly called East Jackson and later the Gold Coast, was a hotbed for gambling, bootleg liquor, and live music for several decades up through the 1960s. Blues, jazz, and soul performers, including touring national acts and locally based artists Elmore James, Sonny Boy Williamson No. 2 (Rice Miller), Sam Myers, Cadillac George Harris, and Sam Baker, Jr., worked at a strip of clubs along Fannin Road known to African Americans as “’cross the river.” ~Back side~ The Gold Coast Mississippi state law prohibited the sale of liquor from 1908 to 1966, but humorist Will Rogers purportedly observed, “Mississippians will vote dry as long they can stagger to the polls.” By the 1930s bootleggers had set up shop openly here on the “Gold Coast,” a name that likely derived from the area’s proximity to the Pearl River and the vast amounts of money that were made here from bootlegging, gambling, and other vices. The Gold Coast soon became notorious for its boisterous nightlife, frequent murders, and official corruption, but customers continued to stream in from considerably stricter Jackson. On occasion the Mississippi National Guard was brought in to shut down the area, albeit with only temporary success, and the day-to-day operations and fortunes of bootleggers and clubs depended largely on the whims of local sheriffs. Infamous bootleggers included G. W. “Big Red” Hydrick and Sam Seaney, a club owner who was killed in a 1946 shootout that also claimed the life of Rankin County constable Norris Overby.

Blues activity “’cross the river” centered on Fannin Road, where dozens of venues ranging from elaborate clubs to informal juke joints were frequented and mostly owned by African Americans. Many businesses stayed open twenty-hours a day, seven days a week. By the 1940s many national blues and jazz acts were playing at the Blue Flame/Play House complex, run by Joe Catchings, and at the Rankin Auditorium behind the Stamps Brothers Hotel, operated by brothers Charlie, Clift, and Bill Stamps. The Auditorium advertised that its dance floor could accommodate three thousand people, and other reports noted that white patrons were provided balcony seating.

By the mid-‘50s local clubs including the Blue Flame, Rocket Lounge, the Heat Wave, the Last Chance, and the Gay Lady featured mostly local artists. Among these were Sam Myers, King Mose, Cadillac George Harris, brothers Charley and Sammie Lee Smith, Jimmy King, Jesse Robinson, Charles Fairley, Willie Silas, Bernard “Bunny” Williams, brothers Kermit, Jr., Bernard, and Sherrill Holly, brothers Curtis and J.T. Dykes, Milton Anderson, Booker Wolfe, Tommy Tate, Robert Broom, Charles Fairley, Joe Chapman, and Sam Baker, Jr., whose parents ran the Heat Wave.

In 1966 Mississippi became the last state in the union to end prohibition, and gave individual counties the choice of remaining “dry” or becoming “wet.” Ironically, Rankin County chose the former, while neighboring and more populous Hinds County chose the latter. With these decisions the rationale for the Gold Coast was gone, and the club scene and bootlegging operations came abruptly to a stop.

(African Americans • Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Union Soldiers Monument

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Ohio, Clark County, Springfield

[Title is text]

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Patriots & Patriotism • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


War Memorial

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Ohio, Clark County, Springfield

Dedicated to the honor and
glory of all veterans of
Clark County who have so
nobly served their country
in all its wars and who, by
offering their last full
measure of devotion, have
purchased freedom for our
beloved nation
A.D. 1964

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Patriots & Patriotism • War, US Civil • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Stockton Officers' Quarters

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Texas, Pecos County, Fort Stockton
When Fort Stockton was rebuilt in 1867 to protect the route to El Paso, seven homes were erected for officers' families. Built with rock foundations and thick adobe walls, the structures faced the parade ground. Nearby were located corrals, carriage stalls, and other outbuildings. The houses were used by Officers' families until the fort closed in 1886. Three of the residences remain standing. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1966

(Forts, Castles • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Phantom Hill Road

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Texas, Lampasas County, Lometa
In 1851-52, in a major reorganization of the frontier defense system, the U.S. Army built a line of 7 forts between the Red River and the Rio Grande to protect the scattered remote settlements and travel routes to California. On Nov. 14, 1851, Fort Phantom Hill was established near present Abilene (120 mi. NW) by Col. J.J. Abercrombie and the 5th Infantry.

The Phantom Hill Road, the vital transportation and communication link between the fort and military headquarters at Austin (80 mi. SE), was the first road in Lampasas County, and crossed at this site. Supply trains of up to 24 wagons drawn by mules, horses, and oxen passed along this route to the frontier fort. The road was used primarily by the military until the abandonment of Fort Phantom Hill on April 6, 1854, but also served as a thoroughfare for early settlers entering the region and continued in that capacity until after the Civil War.

About 1870, traffic passing through the area was diverted to the Senterfitt Stage Station (1.5 mi. SW), and this section of the road abandoned. Several isolated segments of the Phantom Hill Road remain in use in the county, and physical evidence of the Emy's Creek Crossing (200 yards south) still exists.

(Forts, Castles • Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rear Admiral George W. Melville

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
Upper Marker Rear Admiral George W. Melville
1841 - 1912
Engineer in Chief, U. S. Navy 1887-1905
His vision and ability led to the adoption of watertube oil burning boilers and forced draft by the U.S. Navy. He was the founder of the Naval Boiler and Turbine Laboratory — these achievements are proudly recorded by the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers which he served as Vice President during 1894-1912.

Lower Marker "Father of NAVSSES"
Rear Admiral George W. Melville, USN, founded the original fuel oil testing plant near this site in 1910. This plant was the forerunner of NAVSSES. Melville served as Chief of the Bureau of Steam Engineering and achieved lasting fame as an arctic explorer. His foresight and engineering expertise are reflected in NAVSSES today and in his honor and memory we proudly dedicate this plaza.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jeremiah Warder and Ann Aston Warder

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Ohio, Clark County, Springfield

Jeremiah and his wife Ann, wealthy Quakers from Philadelphia, arrive in Springfield in 1830 to claim extensive acreage inherited from his late father’s estate. That same year, he purchases from the estate the village of Lagonda consisting of several dwellings, saw mills, a woolen mill, and a gristmill with additional plans to build a large mill with a dam over the stream in order to increase water power for more mills. He purchases the “Western Pioneer”, the local newspaper in 1831. Warder desires to improve the quality in Springfield with the founding of a literary club, the Springfield Lyceum, from which our first library grew. He is also instrumental in the incorporation of Springfield High School into the city of Springfield in 1833. Warder helps to stimulate the town’s economic and industrial prosperity. Also, he is involved with the politics of bringing the National Road through Springfield.

Ann Aston Warder, fondly known as “Mother Warder”, also contributes greatly to the community spirit improving social affairs and providing proper educational training for local children. She opens a school in her home as well as another in town for the purpose of educating more advanced students. Ann is an active leader of educating more advanced students. Ann is an active leader in the support of the Underground Railroad in Springfield. The Warder Literary Center is named after Jeremiah and Ann Aston Warder.

(Abolition & Underground RR • Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Dick

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Ohio, Clark County, Springfield

John Dick, born in Aryshire, Scotland and educated at the Royal Botanical Gardens in Edinburgh, comes to the United States with his family in 1854 spending several years working on Long Island laying out the park system. He later moves to Cincinnati in order to study and work under the guidance of Adolph Strauch, a noted superintendent and landscape gardener on the well-known Spring Grove Cemetery. In the fall of 1863, Mr. Dick receives the recommendation of Strauch for the superintendent’s position at the newly established Ferncliff Cemetery in Springfield, Ohio. Under his leadership of 43 years, Ferncliff Cemetery becomes known as one of the most beautiful rural cemeteries in the Midwest.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Horticulture & Forestry • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Liebler-Rohl Gasoline Station

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New York, Erie County, Lancaster

This property
has been placed on the
National Register of
Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Ludlow

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Ohio, Clark County, Springfield

Affectionately called by some, “The Father of Ferncliff Cemetery”, John Ludlow is a member of an early pioneer family in Clark County, eventually becoming a well-known pharmacist. In 1851, he is elected as a director of the Springfield Bank, later becoming its president. Ludlow leads the newly created Springfield Cemetery Association for the first twenty years of its existence serving as president during its early developmental years. Oftentimes, during his extended terms in office, he asks to be replaced only to be re-elected again because of his expert leadership as a man of integrity. His love for local history results in his writing of the “Ludlow Papers of 1871” considered to be a classic, well-written history of early Springfield, Ohio.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Debate and Decision

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Mississippi, Warren County, Vicksburg

From his headquarters in this grand mansion, Confederate General Pemberton followed the movement of enemy troops during the siege. He watched his men suffering from lack of food and the relentless Union bombardment.

After nearly seven weeks, he gathered his commanders together. Did they have the will to keep fighting? Debating late into the night of July 2, 1863, Penberton made the difficult decision to surrender.

At 10 a.m. to-morrow I propose to evacuate the works in and around Vicksburg, and to surrender the city and garrison under my command, by marching out with my colors and arms, stacking them in front of my present lines, after which you will take possession.
General John Pemberton
July 3, 1863

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, GPS coordinates, map.

Pemberton Headquarters

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Mississippi, Warren County, Vicksburg

Built ca. 1835. Military headquarters of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton, who commanded the Confederate forces during the siege of Vicksburg. Here on July 3, 1863, the decision was made to surrender the city.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Western Trail

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Texas, McCulloch County, Brady
Through this gap in hills called "Brady Mountains" passed the western cattle trail, also known as "Dodge City Trail", "Fort Griffin Trail", or "The Beef Trail". Said to have originated in 1876, this was the last of the old-time Texas cattle trails, those east of here having been closed by farmers. Large numbers of cattle were driven up this trail 1876 to 1886--over 200,000 head in 1881 alone. This trail started near Brownsville and came up to San Antonio, then northwest through or near Uvalde and Kerrville. Skirting the Nueces River, it came over the divide, crossing headwaters of the South Llano River, fording San Saba River at Pegleg Crossing, going downriver about six miles, then turning north. Near Brady, feeder trails came from Fort McKavett and points west, and from San Saba, to the east.

After leaving Cow Gap (likely so named from Cow Creek, about 500 yards west of this marker), it went northwest and over the Colorado at "Beef Crossing" in Waldrip's Bend, then to Coleman, Baird, Fort Griffin and Vernon, spanning Red River at Doan's Crossing. Northward through Indian country it went to Dodge City, Kansas, and later into Wyoming and Montana.

This trail was of great worth to the territories it traversed.

(Animals • Industry & Commerce • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The End In Sight

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Mississippi, Warren County, Vicksburg
After 47 days under siege, the battle could only end in surrender—or a dramatic rescue. Inside Vicksburg, General Pemberton faced harsh realities—one third of his troops were too sick to fight, their drinking water was contaminated, they were short of food and ammunition. Union troops and cannon completely surrounded him. Then came a final message from General Johnston saying his army in central Mississippi was too weak to relieve Vicksburg.

Pemberton asked Grant for surrender terms. Grant did not want to have to feed 30,000 prisoners of war, or transport so many men north to prison camps. He offered to let Vicksburg’s defenders go home, if they promised they would not fight against the United States again until exchanged. Pemberton accepted the terms. On July 4th, the Confederates handed over their guns. Union troops marched victoriously into the city.

On 3rd July 1863 at about ten o’clock a.m., white flags appeared on a portion of the Rebel works. It was a glorious sight to officers and soldiers on the line…
Ulysses S. Grant

(captions)
(lower left) Grant and Pemberton meet to discuss the Confederate surrender of Vicksburg.
(lower right) At the Visitor center you can see a 10-foot-tall marble column that first marked the Surrender Interview Site near here in 1864. Souvenir hunters later damaged the monument. To keep this monument safe, the National Park Service put the column inside the museum.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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