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USS Seawolf (SS-197)

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Hawaii, Honolulu County, Honolulu

LCDR A.M. Bontier, USN, Commanding Officer; Launched 15 August 1939; Lost at Sea, 3 October 1944.

Beginning with her first patrol just hours after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, a daring submarine embarked on a career that made the name “Seawolf” one of the most recognized in the history of undersea warfare. Over the next three years, Seawolf completed 14 patrols, covering practically all of the known pacific shipping routes. That she executed 56 torpedo attacks and escaped destruction throughout them all is testament to the courage and superb seamanship of her crew. Boldly tracking her targets into treacherous waters, Seawolf launched fearless attacks on heavily-escorted convoys and vital enemy vessels. Her persistence and skill led to the sinking of over 100,000 tons of enemy shipping and earned Seawolf two navy unit commendations and 13 battle stars. The enemy could not destroy her, but a tragic twist of fate did. On 3 October 1944, delivering supplies and army personnel on her fifteenth war patrol, Seawolf ran into heavy seas that slowed down her passage by one day. A U.S. destroyer, not having received word of Seawolf’s delay, launched a lethal depth charge attack on what she believed to be an enemy submarine. In an unfortunate case of mistaken identity, Seawolf’s career was ended abruptly, as where the lives of her 82 valiant fighting men. No other submarine or crew in the Pacific fought longer or harder.

(War, World II • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Frank Gasparro

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
Designer of the reverse side of the Lincoln Penny and, with Gilroy Roberts, the Kennedy half-dollar. Born and educated in classical art in Philadelphia, Gasparro was first employed as a junior engraver by the U.S. Mint in 1942. By 1965 he was appointed by President Lyndon Johnson as the 10th Chief Engraver. Designed numerous coins and medals, including the Eisenhower and Susan B. Anthony dollar.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

USS Swordfish (SS-193)

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Hawaii, Honolulu County, Honolulu

CDR K.E. Montross, USN, Commanding Officer; Launched 1 April 1939; Lost at sea, January 1945.

Less than two weeks after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Swordfish sank her first ship. So began the career of a submarine that not only sank many more Japanese vessels before the war’s end but also proved the usefulness of submarines in a variety of wartime operations. In addition to carrying out her routine offensive war patrols, Swordfish conducted close-range reconnaissance photography and evacuated military and civilian personnel from dangerous areas. During one such mission, she transported the Philippines President and his family, along with several other high ranking government and army officials, to safety. Swordfish earned the Navy unit commendation for three of her patrols, as well as eight battle stars. However, her thirteenth patrol proved to be unlucky. Swordfish set out from Pearl Harbor on 22 December 1944 on a special mission. She was to photograph the beaches and defense installations of the Japanese stronghold on Okinawa in order to prepare for the allied invasion of that island. Swordfish never returned from the patrol. The exact cause of her loss remains unknown. The submarine Kete reported hearing prolonged depth charging in Swordfish’s area on 12 January 1945, and Japanese records obtained after the war revealed that the waters off Okinawa were heavily mined. Eighty-nine valiant men perished with Swordfish.

(War, World II • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Protecting the Upper Town

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Quebec, Capitale-Nationale (region), Québec
English:
The promontory on which Québec is perched offered a natural defense against attackers. But its west flank, which gave way to open countryside, was vulnerable. Enormous sums of money would be spent to protect this side of the town.

In 1690, Governor Frontenac hastily put up a front line of defence to protect the western flank from William Phip’s British soldiers who sailed from Boston. This defense work was replaced by 1693, by a more elaborate fortification designed to withstand artillery fire.

The new fortification proved ineffective because it did not follow the uneven slope of the land. It was thus modified in 1712. The Dauphine Redoubt, located in Artillery Park, is one of the surviving parts of this new line of defence.

French:
Bien que le promontoire sur lequel repose Québec offre une protection naturelle contre les assaillants, la faiblesse en était le côté ouest, ouvert sur la campagne. D’énormes sommes seront investies pour protéger adéquatement ce côté de la ville.

Une première ligne de défense y est élevée à la hâte en 1690 par le gouverneur Frontenac pour se protéger des troupes anglaises de William Phips venues de Boston. Elle est démolie dès 1693 pour être remplacée par une fortification plus élaborée et conçue pour résister à l’artillerie.

Cette deuxième fortification, pue efficace car mal adaptée au relief inégal, est modifiée en 1712. La redoute Dauphine, située dans Parc de l’Artillerie, est l’un des éléments conservés de cette nouvelle ligne de défense.

(Forts, Castles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

"The Italian Market"

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
By 1915 a second generation of Italian Americans organized a business association due to competing nearby markets. The Association's officers' ancestries hailed from central and southern Italy, and eastern Sicily; other members also were Americans but of northern and eastern European. Lebanese and Asian heritage, Italian foods and products always dominated. This market is the foundation for the region's major Italian food manufacturers and purveyors.

Text & design by Celeste A. Morello, MS. MA in 2008. The honored founding families; *Baldi *Bonuomo *Cappucco *DiBruno *Dicrecchio *D'Orazio *Esposito *Giordano *Giunta *Grassia *Jacovini *Maggio *Sarcone *Vellios

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

St. Mary Magdalen de Pazzi Parish

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
Founded in 1852 as the first Italian national parish in the U.S. by St. John N. Neumann, Bishop of Philadelphia. New churches were dedicated here, 1854 and 1891. The Delaware Valley's largest Italian community became centered in this neighborhood.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Penn

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North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro
John Penn
Signer of the Declaration
of Independence

Placed by
Descendants of the Signers of the
Declaration of Independence, Inc.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

William Hooper

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North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro
William Hooper
Signer of the Declaration
of Independence

Placed by
Descendants of the Signers of the
Declaration of Independence, Inc.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Welcome to Flint Hills National Wildlife Refuge

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Kansas, Lyon County, near Hartford

Preserving a Haven for Wildlife
Flint Hills National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1966 as part of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers John Redmond Reservoir flood control project. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service managers 18,463 acres upstream of the reservoir, most of which are in the floodplain of the Neosho River. Refuge habitats, consisting of prairie grasslands, bottomland hardwood timber, wetlands, and cropland are managed to provide food and habitat for migratory birds and resident wildlife.

The Refuge is an important resting area for waterfowl migrating through Kansas. Thousands of mallards, blue-winged teal, Canada geese, and snow geese can be seen on the Refuge during their spring and fall migrations. The Refuge also provides valuable habitat for shorebirds, bald eagles, wild turkey, bobwhite quail, bobcats, white-tailed deer, and many species of warblers.

[Balance of marker not transcribed]

(Animals • Environment • Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Tallgrass Prairie

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Kansas, Lyon County, near Hartford

An Ecosystem Shaped by Fire and Grazing
For thousands of years, numerous forces shaped the tallgrass prairie - frequent fires, huge herds of grazing bison, scorching summer heat, and the bitter cold winter winds. A sea of grasses and beautifully colored wildflowers adapted to this harsh environment.

The prairie once blanketed the landscape, appearing endless and unyielding. However, the soils underneath were rich and fertile and, in many areas, easy to farm. In the 1800s much of the tallgrass prairie was converted to cropland and other uses. Less than 2% remains today. The Flint Hills region in Kansas, approximately 30 miles west of the Refuge, is the largest contiguous block of tallgrass prairie remaining in North America.

Concern for Rare Habitats
Historically, Flint Hills National Wildlife Refuge was a mosaic of wet, moist, and dry tallgrass prairie habitats. However, only a few fragments of true native tallgrass prairie remain on the Refuge.

The Refuge harbors three different types of tallgrass prairie habitats: cordgrass prairie, upland prairie, and savanna.

Cordgrass prairie once dominated this floodplain refuge. It is found in low, wet areas and is composed mainly of prairie cordgrass, buttonbush, eastern gamagrass, and common ironweed. Prairie cordgrass is one of the tallest and most dense prairie grass, growing in thick stands up to 12 feet high.

Upland prairie occurs on drier sites just above the floodplain and contains the plant species most commonly associated with tallgrass prairie-big bluestem, Indiangrass, and switchgrass. It also supports a large variety of wildflowers, including lead plant, prairie blazing star, and purple prairie clover.

Savanna occurs on sites where widely scattered trees mix with prairie grasses and wildflowers. Fire-tolerant trees, such as bur and post oak, are scattered through upland prairie sites along with little bluestem, purple coneflower, and wild indigo.

(Environment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Managing Moist Soil Areas

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Kansas, Lyon County, near Hartford

Refuge Wetlands Set the Table for Wildlife
The Neosho River floodplain was once covered with hundreds of shallow wetlands. As wetlands dried from spring into summer, seed-producing plants would grow. Fall rains recharged the water supply to these wetlands, providing waterfowl with the food and cover they need during migration.

Although most of these natural wetlands are gone, the Refuge has built new wetlands, called moist soil units, that are managed to mimic the natural wet and dry cycle that once existed.

How Does It Work?
Moist soil units are managed intensively through a series of levees, pumps, and water control structures. In the fall, wetlands fill with rainwater or with water pumped from the Neosho River and Eagle Creek. In the late spring, water is slowly released to allow wetland plants like smartweed, pigweed, and bidens to grow and produce seeds. The wetlands are filled again the next fall. When flooded, these plants and their seeds give waterfowl the high-energy food they need for their journeys between their wintering and breeding grounds.

Moist soil plants produce the most seeds early in their life cycle. Discing, mowing, and prescribed fire are used to remove older plants and stimulate new growth as well as discourage tree growth in these areas.

Buffet for Wildlife
Many wildlife species take advantage of the rich benefits these wetlands provide. Frogs and small fish are food for hawks, egrets, and herons, while beetles and snails provide a vital source of protein for shorebirds. The food these wetlands produce gives many birds the essential protein needed for migration and to produce young.

(Animals • Environment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

All Veterans Tribute

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Kansas, Lyon County, Hartford

[Title is text]

(Patriots & Patriotism) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hartford Collegiate Institute

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Kansas, Lyon County, Hartford

has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places

by the United States
Department of the Interior

(Education • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Skeet House

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Georgia, Glynn County, Jekyll Island

The Skeet House is not in its original location, but stands as a symbol of the core philosophy that the Jekyll Island Club was founded upon – outdoor recreation.

The Skeet House, along with the Skeet and Trap Range, was constructed in the 1950’s. This however, was not the introduction of shooting sports on the island. From the beginning, the Club was intended to “…raise livestock, birds and game; to hunt, fish and yacht…” The hunting opportunities on the island were favorite daily activities by many members – men and women alike – for the first two decades.

By the 1910s hunting began to wane in popularity but trap shooting from “galleries over the marsh” were a growing favorite pastime during the Club’s season.

(sidebar)
Preservation on the Move

This historic building was disassembled and moved from its original location in 2014 with funding from the Jekyll Island Foundation.

Jekyll Island has a policy that classifies land as either develop or undeveloped. The Skeet House was in a area that was not used since the early 1970’s and had grown back to its original wooded condition. Because of this, the area was classified as undeveloped. With this designation, the building could have been restored in place; however it could not have been opened to the public.

Moving the building allowed for its preservation and made it – and the story – available and accessible to the guests of Jekyll Island.

(Sports) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Carrollton Black Cemetery

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Texas, Collin County, Carrollton
This cemetery was established in the late 1800's by Scott Boswell, an early African-American farmer. Later owners respected the site and burials continued through the years, the last of which is believed to have been Collins, in 1960. Flooding by the Trinity River has contributed to the loss of most of the markers. Families interred here include Allen, Boswell, Booth, Bradley, Cole, Davis, Foster, Harris, Hicks, Hunnicutt, Ingram, Jackson, Loving, Oliver, Patterson, Payton, Purvis, Silverburg, Welch and Williams. Designated Historic on March 13, 1982

(African Americans • Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Carnegie Library

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Florida, Manatee County, Bradenton

(Side 1)
This Carnegie Library was built in 1918 with funds from the Carnegie Corporation. It is one of the 1,946 Carnegie Libraries built in the United States under the direction of Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish immigrant who rose from millhand to steel magnate.

First efforts to obtain funds from the Carnegie Corporation for the construction of a public library in Bradenton began about 1906 but were unsuccessful. Again in 1914, the need for a larger library building became serious and in May, 1915, the Carnegie Corporation was again approached for a grant. After almost three years of negotiations, the Carnegie Corporation granted $10,000 for the construction of the original part of the building. The City of Bradenton agreed to provide property and the annual operating expenses. On October 12, 1918, the building was dedicated and opened to the public.

The building was constructed of buff colored brick, rock granite and native stone. Its classical design, which includes doric columns,Is in the style typical of Carnegie Libraries. (Continued on other side) (Side 2)
(Continued from other side) For 60 years, the building served as Bradenton’s main library. In 1956-57, an addition was constructed on the 14th Street side of the building, increasing the overall square footage by one third. In April 1978, the building was vacated on the completion of the new central library building located on Barcarotta Boulevard.

The building now houses the Historical Records Library, the first county archival library of its kind in the State of Florida. The Historical Records Library was created in 1978 in an effort to preserve and house original records of Manatee County which date back to the county’s formation in 1855. The building was restored with the use of funds from the Clerk of the Circuit Court and a $24,000 grant from the Manatee County Board of County Commissioners. The property is still owned by the City Of Bradenton, but is leased back to the Manatee County Clerk of the Circuit Court. Sponsored by the Manatee County Historical Commission
In Co-operation with the Manatee County Board of County Commissioners 1986


(Charity & Public Work) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Kandt Home

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New York, Niagara County, Lockport

This dwelling was built by
Charles A. and Louise Williams Kandt
in 1886 and was occupied by four
generations of the Kandt family until
1998 when it was purchased by the
Niagara County Historical Society.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Robert Mara Adger

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
Businessman, activist, bibliophile lived here. Director, Philadelphia Building & Loan Assn., pioneering Black firm. Amassed and donated a major collection of rare book, pamphlets on Blacks, antislavery. Founded Afro-American Historical Society.

(African Americans • Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Octavious V. Catto

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
An early graduate of the Institute for Colored Youth. Catto, lived here, was an educator, Union Army major, and political organizer. In 1871 he was assassinated by rioters while urging Blacks to vote. His death was widely mourned.

(African Americans • Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lombard Street Riot

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Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County, Philadelphia
Here on August 1, 1842 an angry mob of whites attacked a parade celebrating Jamaican Emancipation Day. A riot ensued. African Americans were beaten and their homes looted. The rioting lasted for 3 days. A local church & abolition meeting place were destroyed by fire.

(African Americans • Churches, Etc. • Disasters) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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