Quantcast
Channel: The Historical Marker Database - New Entries
Viewing all 103834 articles
Browse latest View live

Maison François-Xavier Garneau

$
0
0
Quebec, Capitale-Nationale (region), Québec
English:
In this house, François-Xavier Garneau, the historian of Canada, lived for several years and here he died on the 3rd of February, 1866.

French:
En cette maison résida plusieurs années, et mourut le 3 février 1866, François-Xavier Garneau, l’historien du Canada.

(Arts, Letters, Music) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Officials of Foard County

$
0
0
Texas, Foard County, Crowell


Committee appointed by the legislature to organize county met in (old) Margaret April 4, 1891. County divided into four precincts. Election held April 27. Following officials elected:
Judge, J.C. Roberts
Attorney, G.T. Brown
Clerk, G.W. Thompson
Sheriff, S.J. Moore
Tax Assessor, J.A. Wright
Treasurer, J.W. Magee
Surveyor, Harry Sappington
Animal & Hide Inspector,
T.H. Benson
Commissioners:
John Wesley • John B. Stegar • J.W. Moore • W.T. McDaniel

(Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Foard County Courthouse

$
0
0
Texas, Foard County, Crowell
This is the second courthouse to serve Foard County since its creation in 1891. By 1909, the first courthouse proved too small for the needs of the county, and voters passed a bond election for the purpose of building a new one. The Commissioners Court selected Elmer G. Withers as architect, R.H. Stuckey as superintendent, and G.W. Brillhart of Abilene as contractor. Completed in 1910, the Classical Revival courthouse featured a statue of Lady Justice atop a domed cupola with paired Corinthian columns on each side. Tornado damage in 1942 resulted in the loss of these features, but the courthouse was repaired and still retains the basic configuration of its original design.
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2001

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Greenfield Veterans Memorial

$
0
0
Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, Pittsburgh
Dedicated to the noble deeds of Greenfield men and women who served their country in World Wars I and II and the lasting memory of their names

(War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pillars of the Community

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

Alongside the church, the schools were anchors of African American life in Topeka. With the rise of an all-black teaching force in the city's black schools in the 1880s, teachers formed the backbone of the black middle class. They believed that education would liberate their race from ignorance, degradation, and poverty.

Although local teachers saw their profession as a calling, they were divided about school integration. Integration could mean the closure of black schools and the loss of black teachers' jobs. Not surprisingly, not one black Topeka teacher signed on as a plaintiff in the case.

We would not be in favor of changing our present set-up [of segregated elementary schools] without more evidence that our children would do as well and be as happy as they are now.
- Topeka Council of Colored Parents and Teachers, April 23, 1948

[Background photo caption reads]
1949 photo of Topeka's African American teachers taken in the kindergarten classroom here at Monroe School.

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Playground and Community Center

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

Like all of the city's schools, students and local residents used Monroe School for multiple activities. A student club called "The Downbeat" held dances in the combined gym and auditorium. Local churches and civic organizations used the space for meetings and to host pageants and plays. Neighbors browsed the school library and attended lectures given by public speakers.

The school did not own an outside playground until the Board of Education purchased a strip of land of this side of Monroe Street in 1943. Students later recalled the boys wrestling and playing tag on the new playfield before school started, while the girls jumped rope or enjoyed a game of hopscotch. The park service invites you to continue this tradition of recreation by enjoying the field today.

[Inset photo captions read]
Baseball has long been a pastime for many Topeka residents.

Miss Laura's Coffee Shop, on the corner of Monroe and 15th Streets, served as a popular location for students to buy lunch because the school did not have a cafeteria.

(African Americans • Arts, Letters, Music • Education • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A "Separate But Equal" School?

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

When Monroe Elementary School opened in 1927, it was a key part of Topeka's grand, million-dollar school construction program. Topeka wanted a first-class educational system that would promote pride in the city's schools. The new Monroe School featured classrooms, a kindergarten, space for manual training and home economics, and a large combined gymnasium/auditorium. Despite the improvements, Monroe and the other elementary schools in Topeka remained racially segregated. In 1951, parents of students from Monroe School joined others from across the city as plaintiffs in the Brown v. Board of Education lawsuit, forever linking this site to one of the most important legal decisions in American history.

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Education • Politics) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Foard Co

$
0
0
Texas, Foard County, Crowell
Mr. J.G. Witherspoon has been called the Father of Foard Co., for he was the governing force which led the organization of a new county. Through his acquaintance with people in several surrounding counties, he was able to acquire the 700 sq. miles of land to create a new co.

On Feb. 12, 1891, John H. Stephens of Vernon introduced the bill to call the new co. “Beaver”. However, another senator had a law partner he wished to honor. Senator Townsend struck out the word “Beaver” and substituted the name “Foard”. The bill was passed on Feb. 16, 1891 and signed on Feb. 21, 1891.

Crowell and Foard City both vied for the co. seat honors. An election was held on Apr. 27, 1891. When the votes were cast and counted, Crowell was the new co. seat with 183 votes while 106 were cast for Foard City.

According to the hands of the clock in the dome of the badly wrecked court house, the twister struck that building at 8:40 pm (April 28, 1942) tearing out all the clock mechanism and leaving only the dial facing the east intact.

The twister had left 11 dead, 125 injured and over 1500 homeless, Ninety percent of buildings (business and homes) were destroyed or damaged. Fire wiped out one business block.

Residents were helped by 200 Civilian Conservation Corps workers in the cleanup. The Red Cross and National Guard troops provided meals and drinking water to the beleaguered citizens in days following the disaster.

With World War II hardly five months old, building materials were hard to obtain as most of the material was going to the military as the nation prepared to fight Germany, Japan and Italy.

(Disasters • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 23 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Standing Up for Their Rights

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

The Topeka chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) recruited 13 African American parents to file a lawsuit contesting the state law that allowed cities like Topeka to segregate students in elementary grades. Although the NAACP lost the case in US District Court in 1951, they appealed to the US Supreme Court and joined four other lawsuits from three other states and the District of Columbia challenging legal segregation in the nation's public schools.

The Topeka families who stood together in the early 1950s are remembered today for their part in the legal decision that outlawed segregation in public education and which set a precedent for ending other forms of segregation.

As a child I went through an integrated school [system in Oakley, Kansas]... I had good friends... There was no problem. but when I came to Topeka my children had to go to a separate school for black students clear across town... And I resented that. I knew that's where they learned to play and understand and meet the other races - all races. They get to know one another before they're taught otherwise. And that's why I was happy to be a plaintiff in Brown versus Board of Education.
- Zelma Henderson, pictured here with other plaintiffs, standing to the far left behind her two children, Vicki and Donald.

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Education • Politics) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Turning Point for Equality

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

Across the field in front of you stands the former Monroe Elementary School. Parents of six students that attended this school in 1949 participated in the Brown v. Board of Education lawsuit. On May 17, 1954, the US Supreme Court issued a breakthrough ruling on Brown v. Board of Education declaring that "... in the field of education... Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." This schoolhouse is still a place for education today. During your visit you can explore the story behind a defining moment in the nation's long struggle to live up to its ideals - to provide everyone with equality of opportunity.

[Upper right inset photo caption reads]
Thurgood Marshall (fourth from right) led a legal team that sought to end all forms of legalized racial segregation in the country. Focusing on public education, Marshall's team assembled five class action lawsuits from four states and the District of Columbia to argue before the US Supreme Court. Charles Scott, an attorney from Topeka, stands to the far left.

Ritchie's Addition
African American families began settling in this neighborhood after the Civil War ended in 1865. A large surge of African Americans began arriving in 1879. Fleeing oppression in the South at the end of Reconstruction, they came in search of new freedoms and opportunities.

Many of these migrants settled in "Ritchie's Addition," property owned by John and Mary Ritchie. The Ritchies opened their land to black migrants in support of their vision for an ideal society in which African Americans and whites could live together.

Historic Ritchie House
John and Mary Ritchie were white abolitionists active in the Underground Railroad before the Civil War. They made this neighborhood their home for many years.

Old Federal Building
Brown v. Board of Education was first argued in 1951 in a third floor courtroom in Topeka's federal building.

Constitution Hall
Kansas' march to free statehood began in this building in October 1855 with the drafting of the anti-slavery Topeka Constitution.

(Abolition & Underground RR • African Americans • Civil Rights • Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

How to Heat and Cool an Old School

$
0
0
Kansas, Shawnee County, Topeka

During the summer, neighborhood kids play baseball on the grass field across the street - just as they have for nearly a century. But even more excitement is taking place underground. This playground is home to a state of the art geothermal heating and cooling system.

Below the turf, 70 wells reach down more than 250 feet (80 m) where the temperature is always 56°F (13°C). There, recirculating well water is cooled in the summer and heated in the winter, keeping visitors to the former school comfortable and cutting the park's energy costs by half since its installation in 2002.

[Illustration captions read]
For the efficient transfer of energy, heat exchange systems rely on large areas of land. In this case, the acre of playing fields is a perfect venue.

Miles of pipes with water and antifreeze travel through the playfield, either being warmed or cooled by the surrounding soil. Although expensive to install, a geothermal system can pay for itself in about a decade.

The miles of hose that run beneath the field serve as an efficient heat exchange, the same way your car's radiator cools fluids by dispersing heat to the air.

During the summer, supply lines pump warm fluids into the field to be cooled. The cooler fluid returns to the building to aid in cooling. This process is reversed in the winter.

Wells must extend at least 20 feet (6 m) below the surface to benefit from a constant temperature that is not affected by variations in air temperature. The wells here continue an additional 230 feet (67 m) to compensate for the temperature exchange from the system.

(Environment • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Camp Washington

$
0
0
West Virginia, Hampshire County, Romney
In 1861, during the early part of the Civil War, Union Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley established Camp Washington here on the Washington Bottom Farm to secure the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in this area. Located between Romney and Cumberland, Maryland, the site was close to the wire bridge over the South Branch of the Potomac River. Despite the large Federal presence here and elsewhere, Confederate raiders struck periodically along the lengthy rail line. Troops from both sides moved periodically through Romney, and Confederate forces occasionally occupied this campsite.

Confederate Lt. Col. Turner Ashby, 7th Virginia Cavalry, established his headquarters here early in the summer of 1861, after Federal forces temporarily withdrew. His younger brother, Richard Ashby, died here from wounds sustained in an engagement on Kelly’s Island on the Potomac River on June 28. Turner Ashby took his brother’s death hard, and his grief intensified his determination to fight. Almost a year later, on June 6, 1862, Turner Ashby was killed in action south of Harrisonburg, Virginia. His remains lie in Stonewall Cemetery in Winchester, Virginia. At first Richard Ashby was buried in Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney, but after the war his body was disinterred and re-buried beside his brother.

“Poor Dick went into the war like myself, not to regard himself or our friends, but to serve our country in this time of peril. …His country has lost the services of a brave man with a strong arm, which he proved upon her enemies in losing his life. …He was buried with all the honors of war, and never was greater respect paid to the memory of one man; it was indeed a triumph of his bravery. I had him buried in a beautiful cemetery in Romney.” — Turner Ashby to his sister Dora, Camp Washington, July 7, 1861

(captions)
(top center) Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley; Gen. Turner Ashby Courtesy Library of Congress
(lower right) Civil War camp, 1861 - Courtesy Library of Congress

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Wire Bridge Engagement

$
0
0
West Virginia, Hampshire County, Romney
On October 24, 1861, Union Gen. Winfield Scott ordered Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley to strengthen his position at New Creek Station (present-day Keyser) on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and then march to Romney and occupy the town. Situated on the North Western Turnpike and the largest town in the South Branch Valley, Romney had strategic importance. Kelley planned a two-pronged attack for October 26. He led the main force from the west on the turnpike, while Col. Thomas Johns, 2nd Regiment Potomac Home Brigade, attacked from the north. Johns was to push across the Wire Bridge here, march south, and strike Romney from the east.

Johns, however, encountered stiff resistance her. He reported that Confederates had entrenched “riflemen on an eminence immediately fronting the suspension bridge. Captain Alexander Shaw, of Company A, who led the advance of the column to this point, was with his company, directed to lead the way across the bridge, at a double quick step. … About half way across the bridge, [Shaw] discovered that a portion of the plank flooring on the further side had been removed. The enemy on discovering the movement, open fire by volley, killing one and wounding six of my men, causing the company to seek shelter behind the parapets of the bridge.”

When Johns heard Kelley’s guns firing as the general entered Romney, Johns broke off contact and withdrew to Maryland, considering his part of the attack complete.

Kelley’s troops occupied Romney until January 10, 1862, when they retreated to Cumberland, Maryland, over this bridge as Confederate Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson approached from Winchester.

(captions)
(lower left) Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley Courtesy Library of Congress
(Top center) “Gen. Kelley’s troops crossing the long bridge, near Romney, on his retreat to Cumberland,” from New York Illustrated News, 1862 Courtesy Library of Congress

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Boom for Cumberland

$
0
0
Maryland, Allegany County, Cumberland
The National Road and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad came together at this spot in 1842 at Cumberland’s first railroad station. For a few years, it was necessary for passengers and freight to transfer from railroad cars to coach and wagon for the trip west. It was the reverse for the trip east.

National Road traffic flourished and the population of Cumberland nearly doubled by 1850, as Cumberland enjoyed a brief but lively boom. Old businesses expanded, new ones thrived. Construction filled the city with new warehouses, hotels and repair shops.

Travel on the National Pike thrived prior to the construction of the B&O Railroad. Throughout the first three weeks of March, 1848, stage coaches carried 2,586 passengers through Cumberland. One local old-timer claims to have sighted “fifty-two six-horse wagons...on the road at one time, and...at least 4,000 head of western cattle quartered at a single place.”

In 1853, the railroad was completed to Wheeling, West Virginia. Travel on the National Road declined as speedier steam railroads replaced horse-drawn stagecoaches.

(captions)
(lower left) With the railroad station and the National Road intersection at its eastern end, Baltimore Street became the business address to have. Photo courtesy of Albert & Angela Feldstein
(lower right) Early 20th century map of Cumberland detailing locations of major transportation routes. Map courtesy of Cindi Ptak
(background) “National Road at Fairview Inn” background image from the Enoch Pratt Library Cator Collection.

(Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Wragg Square

$
0
0
South Carolina, Charleston, Charleston
Wragg Square
Dedicated To the Use Of
The People Of
Charleston SC
In The Division Of The
Estate Of John Wragg
1801

Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

St. Albans Covered Bridge

$
0
0
West Virginia, Kanawha County, St. Albans
Located at the site of the crossing of the James River and Kanawha Turnpike and Coal River. Covered Toll Bridge, built 1831 by Phillip Thompson and James Teays, replaced a ferry which operated in the same location. Bridge, one of the longest in western Virginia, had 180 ft. span. General Wise’s retreating Confederate forces burned bridge July 21, 1861, after Battle of Scary Creek. St. Albans Historical Society: WV Celebration 2000

(Bridges & Viaducts • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

George Washington

$
0
0
West Virginia, Kanawha County, St. Albans
Acquired 2,000 acres of this land by a patent dated April 12, 1784, issued to him by Benjamin Harrison, Governor of Virginia.

Washington obtained this tract upon a survey made by John Floyd, April 18, 1784 with a land warrant issued to Charles Mynn Thurston, a Lieutenant in the French and Indian War. It bordered on the Great Kanawha and Coal Rivers, five miles eighty eight poles.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

West Virginia State University

$
0
0
West Virginia, Kanawha County, Institute
First public black college in state founded in 1891 as West Virginia Colored Institute. In 1927 was first fully accredited black land-grant college in US. In 1915, became West Virginia Collegiate Institute; in 1929, West Virginia State College. Integrated, 1954. Named West Virginia State University, 2004.

(African Americans • Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Indian Mound / Mounds-Earthworks

$
0
0
West Virginia, Kanawha County, Dunbar

Indian Mounds

Here in the Shawnee Reservation is found an Indian mound which was probably excavated in 1884 by the Smithsonian Institution. The results of the archaeologists' work suggest that the mound was built between A.D. 1 and 500 by the Hopewellian mound builders. At the base of the mound, the excavators found a crematory basin, and higher up in the mound, they found at least four skeletons.

Mounds-Earthworks

One of the largest groups of mounds in the United States once existed in Dunbar, Institute, & South Charleston. In 1883-84, Smithsonian workers recorded 50 mounds and at least 10 earthworks (low earth embankments in geometric forms). Great Smith Mound, 35 ft. high and 175 in diameter, stood in Dunbar. The mounds in Shawnee Reservation & downtown South Charleston are all that remain today of these prehistoric works.

(Anthropology • Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Man-Made Features • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Andrew & Charles Lewis March

$
0
0
West Virginia, Kanawha County, Dunbar
The nearby highway is part of route traversing W. Va. from Lewisburg to Point Pleasant memorialized by the state to commemorate the march of the American Colonial army of 1,200 men led by Andrew & Charles Lewis. After a month's march this army defeated a Shawnee Indian force led by Cornstalk at the Battle of Point Pleasant on the banks of the Ohio & Kanawha rivers, October 10, 1774.

(Colonial Era) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.
Viewing all 103834 articles
Browse latest View live




Latest Images