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Treading the Boards

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District of Columbia, Washington
(side 1)
The Studio Theatre, on the corner of 14th and P Streets since 1987, anchors the Logan Circle/14th Street artistic community. The theatre, founded by director and educator Joy Zinoman and set designer Russell Metheny in 1978, originally rented space in wood sculptor Margery Goldberg's Zenith Square Gallery complex of rowhouses nearby on Rhode Island Avenue. An array of artists worked (and sometimes lived) at Zenith, finding inspiration among their peers until the city forced them out in 1986, citing zoning violations. But Studio Theatre had left six years earlier for affordable space in a former car dealership nearby at 1401 Church Street. Another showroom, across 14th Street from this sign, was the first of three adjoining buildings renovated by the theater.

In 1980 the pioneering Source Theatre, founded by Bart Whiteman three years earlier, moved into a former auto supply store at 1809 14th. A few years later Source took over a one-time Oldsmobile showroom at 1835.

Although Washington never had the manufacturing activity of other cities, it developed a stock of industrial spaces. Here they came in the form of auto showrooms and service shops as well as printing shops and other light industry. By the 1970s, with the car showrooms long gone, these spacious, affordable buildings beckoned. Among the institutions that took root here are Woolly Mammoth, Horizons, Church Street and Keegan theaters as well as art galleries. Over time these blocks grew into an important arts district, and its risk-taking theaters gained renown in the regional theatre movement.

To return to the Metro Red line, walk one block north on Q Street and turn left. The Dupont Circle Station is six blocks west on Q Street.

(side 2)
The Logan Circle Neighborhood began with city boosters’ dreams of greatness. The troops, cattle pens and hubbub of the Civil War (1861-1865) had nearly ruined Washington, and when the fighting ended, Congress threatened to move the nation’s capital elsewhere. So city leaders raced to repair and modernize the city. As paved streets, water and gas lines, street lights and sewers reached undeveloped areas, wealthy whites followed. Mansions soon sprang up around an elegant park where Vermont and Rhode Island Avenues met. The circle was named Iowa Circle, thanks to Iowa Senator William Boyd Allison. In 1901 a statue of Civil War General (and later Senator) John A. Logan, a founder of Memorial Day, replaced the park’s central fountain. The circle took his name in 1930. The title of this Heritage Trail comes from the General Logan’s argument that Memorial Day would serves as “a fitting tribute to the memory of [the nation’s] slain defenders.”

As the city grew beyond Logan Circle, affluent African Americans gradually replaced whites here. Most of them moved on during World War II, and their mansions were divided into rooming houses to meet a wartime housing shortage. By the 1960s, with suburban Maryland and Virginia drawing investment, much of the neighborhood had decayed. When civil disturbances erupted after the 1968 assassination of the Revered Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., it hit bottom. Ten years later, however, long-time residents, newcomers, and new city programs spurred revival. A Fitting Tribute: Logan Circle Heritage Trail takes you through the neighborhood’s lofty and low times to introduce the array of individuals who shaped its modern vitality.

A Fitting Tribute: Logan Circle Heritage Trail is an Official Washington, DC Walking Trail. The self-guided, 1.5 mile tour of 15 signs offers about two hours of gentle exercise. Free explanatory keepsake guidebooks are available at businesses and intersections along the way. For more on DC neighborhoods, please visit www.CulturalTourism DC.org.
[List of collaborators and staff of The Heritage Trail.]

(Entertainment • Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 15 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Leland Stanford

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Wisconsin, Ozaukee County, Port Washington
Tycoon, industrialist, and politician Leland Stanford moved to Port Washington, Wisconsin, from Albany, New York in 1848, shortly after entering the bar. After Port Washington's 1852 fire destroyed his law office, which was located in the block across the street, Stanford moved to California, where his five brothers had already found success as Gold Rush merchants. Stanford became a wealthy merchant himself and eventually was president of the Central Pacific Railroad (1861-1893). He oversaw the completion of the western portion of the nation's first transcontinental railroad and presided at the driving of the "last spike" in Promontory, Utah, on May 10, 1869. In addition, he served as California's governor (1862-1863) and US senator (1885-1893). In 1884, the death of his only son prompted Leland Stanford to found and endow Stanford University.

(Education • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

St. Anthony

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 9 (North Peninsula), St. Anthony
St. Anthony Haven
By tradition St. Anthony harbour was named by French explorer Jacque Cartier in 1534. Indeed, it is probable that the long, deep and sheltered harbour was already well-known to fishermen of the French province of Brittany for some time before Cartier made his historic voyages. The harbour provided Breton fishing vessels with the best sheltered base for fishing the grounds of the Straits of Belle Isle and the Grey Islands. This harbour was one of the primary French stations on the Petit Nord up until the mid-1800s. From this time on, the French fishing effort gradually decreased until 1904, when French shore fishing rights in Newfoundland waters were abolished.
It is difficult to pinpoint the exact date of English settlement at St. Anthony, since settlement by the English was technically illegal under the terms of treaty arrangements with the French. However, Newfoundlanders from Conception Bay and the northeast coast persisted in fishing off the French Shore. Meanwhile, the French (who were forbidden to over-winter) saw the advantage in engaging Newfoundlanders to oversee their fishing premises as gardiens, and it is these few guardians who can be regarded as the first “settlers.” When Bishop Edward Field visited the area in 1849, on his way to the Labrador coast, he noted only one English settler, J. Macey, at St. Anthony Bight, north of St. Anthony harbour.
Local tradition identifies the two founding families at St. Anthony harbour as Patey, on the west side, and Simms on the east. By the census of 1857 there were 11 families recorded (although some of these were living at St. Anthony Bight) and a total population of 71. Soon other families settled, either to engage in the local shore fishery, the Grey Islands fishery or the Labrador fishery.

”We’re wonderful glad to have you”
Unquestionably the turning-point in the history of the town of St. Anthony came in 1899. It was in that year that an English medical missionary, Dr. Wilfred T. Grenfell, chose St. Anthony as the site for a new hospital to serve Labrador and northern Newfoundland. It was to be the winter base for the Royal National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen, under whose aegis Grenfell did his medical missionary work, which was aided by the use of dog teams over land in the winter and the medical ship Strathcona along the coast in summer.
By 1912 Dr. Grenfell felt his work was expanding beyond the mandate of the British-based RNMDSF. He subsequently founded the International Grenfell Association (or IGA), popularly known as the “Grenfell Mission.”
Grenfell believed in a holistic approach to health. The Mission developed many projects in addition to its hospitals and nursing stations throughout the region: the improvement of diet by encouraging agriculture and the keeping of livestock. In a country where many health and dietary problems were caused by poverty, the Mission encouraged communities to become more self-sufficient - by developing new industries. The IGA operated a lumber mill, co-operative stores, orphanages and encouraged the development of handicrafts as a form of occupational therapy and cash income.
There continued to be some movement of people into St. Anthony from surrounding communities. St. Anthony Bight, St. Carol’s, Great Brehat and Little Brehat. These people brought a number of now-familiar family names into the town, including Budgell, Colbourne, Cull, Elliott, Kinsella, Pilgrim, Richards and Simms.

Growth as a Regional Centre
With the establishment of the Grenfell Mission headquarters, St. Anthony became more self-sufficient and it led to other regional services being located here. In 1928 a slipway and marine railway was built which proved a boon to the local fishery. A.H.Murray established a salt fish plant at St. Anthony in 1935. The War years of the early 1940s saw a demand for fresh-frozen fish, with Job Brothers’ cold storage plant in St. Anthony (established in 1944) being one of the first fish plants in the country to have this new technology. In 1957 the plant as taken over by Fishery Products Limited, and in the late 1990s Chianti Food Processors operated secondary fish processing from newly renovated buildings.

A Second Era of Growth
By the 1950s the fishery, though still important, was no longer the biggest industry in town. In 1950 St. Anthony was selected as the site of the joint Canada-U.S. Aircraft Control and Warning System - part of the defence system known as the “Pine Tree Line”. Many local people worked in the construction and servicing of the base, which operated until the late 1960s.
More people moved into town from surrounding areas under the Resettlement Program. In some cases, whole communities were moved. Primarily families in Little Brehat, and the Hare Bay villages of Ireland’s Bight and Lock’s Cove moved to St. Anthony.
The Charles S. Curtis Memorial Hospital was completed in 1967, replacing the 40-year old St. Anthony Hospital. The harbour facilities were upgraded, and in 1968 the Northern Peninsula Highway was completed to St. Anthony and later other roads in the area were upgraded and paved. These actions indicated the commitment of the provincial government to the continued regional importance of St. Anthony.
In 1981 the Grenfell Mission became the Grenfell Regional Health Services, and was incorporated into the Province’s healthcare system. Dr. Grenfell’s home in now a museum, part of the developing regional tourism strategy.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Honey Creek Settlement

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Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, West Allis
A steam sawmill built on this site in 1855 by Bigelow Case and Edwin Youmans was the first substantial industry on Honey Creek, which later became part of West Allis.

Lumber from the mill was used for the Mukwonago plank road and many other pioneer needs. The mill was discontinued in 1885 due to the lack of suitable timber.

Three times each week a stage served the Honey Creek community consisting of a blacksmith shop, schoolhouse, homesteads, sawmill and post office.

Among the early settlers were: Cornwall, Douville, Smith, Strong, Sheldon, Marsh, and Marlott.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First House Site in Dodge County, Wisconsin

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Wisconsin, Dodge County, near Fox Lake
Site of the first house built in Dodge Co. Year 1838 by Jacob P. Brower.
D.A.R.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fortress of Louisbourg

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Nova Scotia, Cape Breton Regional Municipality., near Louisbourg
English:
In 1713, France decided to found Louisbourg to defend her colonial and maritime interests in North America. As capital of the colony of Isle Royale and guardian the Gulf of Saint. Lawrence, it became the most important French fishing and commercial center in North America. The fortress was besieged and captured by British forces in 1745 and again in 1758. Its fortifications were demolished in 1760. In 1928, Louisbourg was designated a National Historic Site. Its reconstruction was begun in 1961 so that future generations seeing it might understand the role of the Fortress in our history.

French
La France résolut de fonder Louisbourg en 1713 pour la défense de ses intérêts en Amérique du Nord. Louisbourg devint la capitale de l'Isle Royale, la gardienne du golfe Saint-Laurent et le plus important port de pêche et de commerce de la France en Amérique du Nord. Les Anglais l'assiégèrent et s'en emparèrent en 1745 et, de nouveau, en 1758. Ils en démantelèrent les fortifications en 1760. En 1928, Louisbourg fut déclaré lieu historique national et, en 1961, on commença la reconstruction de la Forteresse afin de mettre en valeur le rôle qu'elle à joué à un moment décisif de notre histoire.

(Forts, Castles • War, French and Indian) Includes location, directions, 14 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Town Spared

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Maryland, Saint Marys County, Leonardtown
In July 1813, British troops seized St. Clements and St. George Islands and established a base at Point Lookout. From there they repeatedly raided the countryside, terrorizing local residents

They ramped up their assault in the summer of 1814 with a series of raids along the Potomac side of St. Mary's County, beginning with Leonardtown. On July 19 the British approached the town by land and water. A regiment of county militia stationed in Leonardtown withdrew in advance of the enemy. Meeting no resistance, the British spared the town the devastation the inflicted at Chaptico and elsewhere.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

James Chism

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Kentucky, Monroe County, near Tompkinsville
A Revolutionary War soldier, came from Virginia to this region of Kentucky around 1798. Many of his descendants are buried in this old burying ground. To their memory we erect this cairn. May those who make the pilgrimage to this site reflect on their good deeds and be grateful for the heritage that has been handed down to them.

Chism Family Association
3rd Clan Gathering
August 7-8, 1970
Glasgow, Kentucky


(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, GPS coordinates, map.

Korn Field Airport

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Ohio, Shelby County, near Jackson Center
The first airport in Shelby County and one of the earliest in Ohio was opened July, 1908, by the Korn brothers, Edward and Milton. Here they built their second plane in their father's barn and successfully flew this plane on July 2, 1911. The barn is now pawrt of this factory. They flew the length of the field, a half mile in a half minute and landed safely. Their plane was a pusher-type monoplane with a 34-foot wing span,40 horsepower, water cooled, 4 cylinder, 2-cycle engine, and weighed 650 pounds.

The brother then built a French-designed Benoist plane, which is on display in the Smithsonian Institute Auxiliary Museum,Sutland, Maryland. On August 13, 1913 they crashed their plane in a filed near here and Milt was killed. After a two-year absence from flying, Ed was testing a seaplane when he crashed into the water of Lake St. Clair, Michigan. This ended his flying career and he became a chiropractor.

Korn Field was later operated by a younger brother, Arlington Korn, It was used by the Flying Farmers organization, and following World War II, pilots were trained here under the G.I. Bill of Rights.

Presently, the six-acre complex is owned by Wayne Korn, who operates Creative Plastics, Inc.

(Air & Space • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Highland Gardens Veterans Monument

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Ohio, Logan County, near West Liberty
“Flag Flying in Memory of; All Veterans” artwork (4) Armed Services logos

Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Morrison Charcoal Ovens 1882

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Utah, Millard County, near Leamington
These charcoal ovens are evidence of a historic man using the natural resources. Reminders, which once upon a time formed the basis of a man's industrial enterprise. In 1882, that man, George Morrison hired Nicolas Paul to build four charcoal ovens. Records indicate he was aided by Ole Hans Jacobson and Herman Lundahl. Records also indicate that Christian Overson at one time was in charge of operations.

Wood in mountain canyons to the East was cut into four foot lengths, put on mules and horses and hauled to the mouth of the canyon (one of which still has the name of Wood Canyon). Each mule carried approximately one-fourth cord of wood. Young 18 year old Mathias Caleb Dutson made three such trips each day. Total for the day, three cords. The wood was then brought to the ovens by wagon or cart. Records indicate that John Carson and Louis Nielson and other men from the area helped cut and haul the wood and fire the Charcoal Ovens.

The wood was put through the charge door (the higher window), stacked on end, around and above a wooden fire place which had been built in the center of the oven, filled with chips and wood shavings to provide tinder for the later fire. The wood continued to be stacked until the oven was full, (about 25 cords.) A long torch was pushed through to the tinder box to light a fire. The burning fires oxygen supply was controlled by placing or removing rocks in the two rows of hole, which can be seen around the base of the ovens. Control of the burning wood was determined by the color of the smoke. After six to eight days all the air was shut off, smothering the fire. The ovens and wood were then let cool. The charcoal was removed from the ovens and sold.

The charcoal was used by smelters in making steel. It was also used as insulation to keep foods an even temperature. As charcoal burns with a hot, smokeless flame it was used on trains and other places as fuel for cooking. It was also used by blacksmiths in their forges.

Exactly how long the ovens were used, the record is not clear. It seems their use overlapped one year the establishment of the Ibex Smelter (1895) two miles to the northwest. The smelter closed after one year of operation, because of the lack of ore. This probably ended the use of the charcoal ovens. Standing inside the oven or outside looking to top of Wood Canyon, one can almost hear the sound of axes, of men and mules, wagons and trains. The sounds of history are silently heard in our minds as we go back to once upon a time.

R. Merrill Dutson - Project Manager
Thanks to: Utah State Historical Society - Utah Department of Transportation - Union Pacific Rail Road - Descendant of these Pioneers and Individual Contributors

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mad River Road /

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Ohio, Montgomery, Kettering

Side A

The first overland route between Dayton and Cincinnati was cut by Daniel Cooper in 1795 to provide access to the new town of Dayton, located at the mouth of the Mad River in the Symmes Purchase. The survey, entered into the record by Cooper and Dr. John Hole, extended Harmer's Trace north from near Cunningham's Station on the Mill Creek to the mouth of the Mad River, establishing the earliest road between Cincinnati and Dayton. This five-mile segment between David Road and State Route 725 is the last remaining traceable portion retaining this name. Cooper, a miller, was instrumental in the early settlement of Dayton, and Dr. Hole, the first physician in Montgomery County, established his cabin in 1796 on this part of Mad River Road.

Side B

Be it remembered that pursuant to an order of Court to Daniel Cooper, Daniel Griffing and John Hole on a petition of more than twelve citizens of the County aforesaid, the following survey of a road in the said County was made and reported, to wit, Beginning at Cunningham's Station, thence along the old road four miles and a half, thence North eleven miles, thence North twenty five degrees East thirteen miles; thence North forty degrees East three miles and a quarter, thence North three miles and a half, thence North ten degrees West one mile and a quarter to the road leading from Hamilton to Dayton; thence along said road two miles and a quarter to Dayton town, at the mouth of Mad river, the whole distance being thirty eight miles and three fourths of a mile. (1797 Survey for part of Mad River Road recorded in the Hamilton County Road Book B-1)

(Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Two Riverboat Pilots

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Ohio, Morgan County, near Stockport
In the heyday of steamboating on the Muskingum, many people made their livelihood on the river. Jane McMillan, known as Old Jane, was one of the few women reported to have piloted boats on the river. In the 1840s she was co-owner of the "Zanesville Packet." McMillan worked a variety of jobs, from cook to pilot. She was reported to know the twists and turns of the river so well that she could navigate safely at night, something many pilots refused to do.

Isaac Newton Hook, a descendant of the earliest settlers in Zanesville, used skills he learned on the Muskingum River as a pilot on the Mississippi during the Civil War. He shipped supplies needed by the Union army. His tomb is in the Brick Church cemetery between Hooksburg and Stockport. He had the grave built out of concrete and above the level of the 1898 flood. The 1913 flood submerged the tomb, but it survived and can be viewed to this day.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Underground Railroad /

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Ohio, Morgan County, Stockport

Front Text :

"Underground Railroad"

Some of the main Ohio Underground Railroad lines that fugitive slaves used on their way from the Ohio River toward Canada and freedom followed the Muskingum River. These lines, however, were not easy. Under the 1793 and 1850 fugitive slave laws, runaway slaves could be captured and returned to their owners. Therefore fugitives traveling this route were led by "railroad conductors" in a zig-zag pattern to elude the bounty hunters. And because it was so dangerous and difficult many of the early runaways were young men. Conductors hid slaves in caves, barns, and secret places at or near the Underground Railroad. And many people helped their friends and neighbors involved in these activities. Various routes connected the Muskingum River from Belpre on what is today State Route 339 to Waterford and Little Hocking via State Route 555 to Putnam in Muskingum County.

Back Text :
"Underground Railroad in Morgan County"

The main route of the Underground Railroad through Morgan County followed the old Lancaster Road through Chesterhill, Pennsville, Rosseau, Morganville, and Deavertown, a swathe of land about twenty-five miles long and sixteen wide along the Muskingum River. One of the most interesting Underground Railroad conductors on the route was a man named Rial Cheadle. He was born in Stockport, was involved in stations in several places in Morgan County, and worked with an Abolitionist society in Big Bottom. He was a carpenter, button maker, and later a teacher. Acting as a witless man and singing silly songs, Cheadle fooled slave catchers who thought him incapable of helping fugitives. Other people from Morgan County included members of the Quaker community at Chesterhill, William Cope at Pennsville, and the Thomas Gray family and Affallia, and Reuben Deaver at Deavertown. All were instrumental in doing everything possible to help former slaves to freedom.

(Abolition & Underground RR) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Battle of Scajaquada Creek Bridge

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo

War of 1812
Battle of
Scajaquada Creek Bridge
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On August 3, 1814, 600 men under British Lt. Col. John Tucker, designing to capture troops and supplies at Black Rock and Buffalo, crossed the Niagara River to Squaw Island. 600 more men followed. In defense, U.S. Maj. Lodowick Morgan, with 240 Riflemen, removed planking from the wooden bridge spanning this creek. With a battery on the south shore, Morgan's troops bravely repelled three British attempts to repair the bridge and cross the creek. Despite a 5:1 disadvantage in manpower, Morgan (ultimately) forced the British into retreating back to Canada.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Buffalo Seminary

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo
Founded 1851 as Buffalo Female Academy. First located on Johnson Park, the school moved to present site in 1909. The seminary remains the first and only non-sectarian private high school for girls in western New York.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Park Lane Condominium

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo

This property
has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior
1927

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hagen's A&W

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Wisconsin, Jackson County, Black River Falls

      Hagen's A&W Root Beer Stand was a family-owned business for 35 years. The root beer stand was a source of summer employment for area high school students and community members. The A&W was a popular meeting place for local teens. All six of the Hagen siblings worked at A&W. Virginia modeled a strong work ethic, instilling team effort and hard work, to her employees. Many memories of family outings and children stopping for treats were made at this site.

Jackson County has fond memories of Hagen's A&W Root Beer Stand. Thank you!

In Loving Memory of Our Parents – Jack and Virginia Hagen.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Memorial Dedicated to the Memory of John A. Boechat

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo
Memorial Stone
This Memorial is dedicated
to the memory of
John A. Boechat
108th Inf., N.Y. N.G.
as representative of the boys
from Lafayette High School and
this section of Buffalo whose
service and sacrifice in the
World War ✡ 1917-1918
were in the cause of
Liberty, Security and Peace
Erected by
John A. Boechat Post No.295, American Legion
May 29, 1936 "Dauntless you fronted death. For me rests to face life as fearlessly."

(War, World I) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

General Daniel Davidson Bidwell

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New York, Erie County, Buffalo
Commanding Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps. Killed at Cedar Creek, Virginia, October 19, 1864.

This statue was erected and presented to the City of Buffalo through funds raised by the General Daniel Davidson Bidwell Memorial Association.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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