World War II Honor Roll / World War I · Korean · Vietnam Honor Roll

January 14, 2015, 8:09 pm

≪ Previous: The Honorable Andrew Archibald (A.A.) Macdonald

Wisconsin, Jackson County, Black River Falls

World War II Honor Roll
Dedicated to the Enduring Memory of These
Men of Jackson County Who Gave Their
Lives in World War II That Freedom Might
Live and Grow and Increase Its Blessings
Arneson, Algie T. • Bornitz, Gordon S. • Breheim, George A. • Brown, Sidney C. • Carson, Harry • Dell, Kenneth M. • Dobson, Harold L. • Eddy, Lyle A. • Erickson, Harold C. • Faldet, Stanley C. • Fencil, Edward J. • Fleming, Rodney V. • Greencrow, Harvey • Hagen, Thomas A. • Hanson, Everett R. • Haralson, George • Harrison, Thomas M. • Hartwig, Wilbur • Helwig, Wendell T. • Hopkins, Donald H. • Hortum, Floyd N. • Horvarth, Loren E. • Hostrawser, Price • Hullett, Lester R. • Johnson, Leonard • Johnson, Thomas A. • Kampen, Percy R. • Koloski, Clinton P. • Krpata, Leo Jr. • Leighton, Virgil H. • Lewison, Neil S. • Lien, Arthur J. • Makela, Felix P. • Mathews, George • Muir, Milton W. • Mullikin, Robert L. • Nelson, Leonard F. • O'Brien, Wayne H. • Otterson, Earl O. • Pauley, George W. • Porath, Louis A. • Porter, G. • Porter, Harry J. • Prange, Andrew P. • Randals, Ward • Reshel, Andrew P. • Rhoades, Accy • Siuggerud, Harold O. • Skaar, Edwin D. • Smith, Willard J. • Spors, R. • Steindahl, H. N. • Stenulson, Irwin M. • Swift, Andrew T. • Thompson, Vernard L. • Wagner, Ervin O. • Waller, Tillman • White, Clarence H. • Wonn, Dr. Miller C.
★ ★ ★ ★
World War I · Korean · Vietnam Honor Roll
For God and Country

In Loving Memory of Our War Dead
from Jackson County
World War I Everett O. Adams • Oscar Anderson • Julian P. Benson • Curtis L. Davis • John L. Davis • Leland R. Duxbury • Vernon Emerson • Bernt K. Gaaskjolen • Christian Hagen • Carl A. Hanson • Herbert E. Hoffman • Julius B. Johnson • Olaf M. Knudson • Elmer Knudtson • Louis Knutson • Henry Lee • Amos O. Lewis • Emil Lien • Stewart A. McKenzie • Frank Miles • Adam J. Paar • Tony Salfe • Wesley C. VanVoorhees • Joseph Waller • Leslie J. Winner • Ross Woodworth • Paul C. Young

Korean Arthur Blackhawk • Donald L. Dupont • Lyle R. Dupont • Donald P. Faldet • Edmund R. Johnson • Gordon R. Johnson • Vernon G. Johnson • Arnold Olson • Mitchell Red Cloud • Archie D. Sanford • Francis Stutlien

Vietnam Peter J. Carlson • Leonard E. Dutcher • Roger D. Goldsmith • Orlan M. Nelson • Stephen R. Ott

May They Rest in Peace

(War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Sistersville

January 15, 2015, 10:43 am

≫ Next: Western Canada's 1st Producing Oil Well

≪ Previous: World War II Honor Roll / World War I · Korean · Vietnam Honor Roll

West Virginia, Tyler County, Sistersville

Charles Wells settled here in 1776 and the first county court was held at his home. The town was named in 1815 for the Wells sisters and was incorporated in 1839. A ferry across the Ohio was established here in 1818.

(Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Western Canada's 1st Producing Oil Well

January 15, 2015, 12:06 pm

≫ Next: United States Marines

≪ Previous: Sistersville

Alberta, near Waterton Park

ENGLISH INSCRIPTION

(Panel 1)
Bears Discover Oil?!

Oil seeps in this area were well known to Aboriginal peoples, who may have found them while observing bears. Bears are attracted by the smell of oil and may roll in it to rid themselves of insects. Aboriginal peoples used oil as a medicine.

Beginning in the 1870s the search was on for oil in western Canada. Drawing on Native lore, locals looked for oil seepages, and eventually found oil covered pools near here. This led to oil exploration in this area in the 1880s, followed by some commercial use of the oil.

In 1889, Allan Patrick became the first person to file a mineral claim on the oil seeps near Oil Creek (now known as Cameron Creek). In following years, over 150 land claims were staked throughout the region. Access problems likely foiled attempts to transport equipment to claims along Oil Creek. Several drilling attempts were made in the region, including one near Middle Waterton Lake - all failed. By 1893, drilling ended due to lack of expertise or money, and the claims were abandoned.

Messy Business

In 1898, William Aldridge was the first to commercially use oil from the seepages, making a living for nearly 7 years. He acquired the oil mainly by soaking it up with gunny sacks and skimming it from sluice boxes. He produced about 10-15 gallons per day, transporting it out on pack horses. He sold it locally as a lubricant and medicine.

(Upper Photo Caption)
Wildlife tracks are common in the oil-saturated ground surrounding oil pools in this area.

(Lower Right Photo Caption)
The Aldridge family lived near Middle Waterton Lake, later moving to Oil Creek. When the boom ended, they relocated to Cardston.
Glenbow Archives NC-7-451

(Panel 2)
Alberta's Oil Boom Started Here

The 'Lineham Discovery Well' was not the first attempt to drill for oil in western Canada, but it was the first well to produce saleable amounts of oil.

In 1897, John Lineham established a mineral claim beside Oil Creek, then formed the Rocky Mountain Development Company with A.P. Patrick, and G.K. Leeson. Its head office was in Pincher Creek.

In late 1901, they hauled heavy equipment on a narrow horse trail over the prairie and through the mountains to their claim by Oil Creek. They erected a “Canadian Pole” rig made entirely of wood and powered by a 35 horse-power steam boiler. Drilling progressed slowly, averaging only 30 feet per day, due to equipment problems, inexperience and accidents.

Finally, on September 21st, 1902 they struck a strong flow of oil. The early output was said to be 300 barrels a day. Oil Creek lived up to its name as much of the initial oil flowed downstream.

A short time later, the well casing failed and gravel fell into the hole, causing the drilling tools to get stuck. Attempts to dislodge the tools by increasing steam pressure resulted in burst boiler. This shut down the operation for the season. In 1904, with the well cleaned out, the crew installed a pump to feed a small refinery. About 8,000 barrels of oil may have been extracted before the well was abandoned when drill tools jammed in the well bore again. Efforts to reopen the well were unsuccessful.

(Center Photo Caption)
The well was drilled by tools hanging from a tripod rig. Rock was broken by raising then dropping the drill bit, with frequent stops to pull out and sharpen it. Cuttings were removed by pouring water into the hold, then hauling up the slurry. It was slow, dangerous work.
Glenbow Archives NA-1 565-3)

(Panel 3)
Brief Success & Future Fortune

Due to mistaken and incomplete records, it's impossible to compile a list of all the wells drilled during the boom in this region, but estimates suggest there were about 25. Despite further attempts by the Rocky Mountain Development Company and other companies until 1939, none were commercially viable.

We now know the oil here is the result of slow seepages from much deeper rock layers. Trapped along a fault line, it pooled close to the surface, forming a very small reservoir.

Operations elsewhere in Alberta revealed vast petroleum and natural gas reserves which formed the core of Canada's oil industry. Oil and gas activity still plays a vital role in the region around the national park.

(Upper Left Photo Caption)
Over time, machinery and buildings deteriorated. A clean up was held here in 1942 as part of a wartime scrap metal drive, and the government carried out further clean ups in the 19670s for safety reasons.

(Upper Right Photo Caption)
Shortly after the well site was declared a national historic site in 1965, a monument incorporating the embedded drill tools was installed. The monument evokes the style of later drilling rigs seen in this 1932 photograph.
Glenbow Archives NA-700-3

(Lower Photo Caption)
“Alberta's first oil boom was short-lived...The obstacles were too great. The roads and trails were far too rugged to permit transportation of heavy equipment, and once the oil was extracted, it had to be transported out of the “field' on the backs of mules at prohibitive costs. The closest refining facilities were at Vancouver and Sarnia... Initial investments were expended and people refused to risk their money any further...Oil City was left with nothing but empty buildings and shattered dreams.”
From “Oil City”, J.F. Dormaar & R.A. Watt
W.B. Curzon 1928 photo

FRENCH INSCRIPTION

(Panel 1)
Des Ours Découvrent Du Pétrole?

Les Autochtones connaissaient les suintements de pétrole dans cette région car ils observaient les ours. Les ours sont attirés par l'odeur du pétrole et s'y roulent pour se débarrasser des insectes. Les Autochtones s'en servaient comme médicament.

La prospection pétrolière commença dans l'Ouest canadien dans les ann ées 1870. En se fondant sur le savoir des Autochtones, les gens de la région cherche`rent des suintements de p étrole et finirent par trouver des gisements pr`s d'ici. L'exploration, lanc ée dans les ann ées 1880, fut suivie par une utilisation commerciale du pétrole.

En 1889, Allan Patrick fut le premier à établir une concession sur les suintements près d'Oil Creek (maintenant Cameron Creek). Par la suite, plus de 150 claims furent jalonnés dans la région. Les probèmes d'accès empêchèrent probablement le transport de matèriel le long d'Oil Creek. Plusieurs tentatives de forage, y compris une près du lac Wateron moyen échouèrent, et les travaux cessèrent en 1893 en raison du manque d'expertise ou d'argent.

Un Travail Salissant

En 1898, William Aldridge fut le premier à faire un usage commercial du pètrole des suintements et en vécut pendant presque sept ans. Il absorbait le pétrole avec des sacs en jute et l'écrémait de sluices. Il produisait environ 10 à 15 gallons par jour, qu'il tranportait à dos de cheval et vendait comme lubrifiant et m&eactue;dicament.

(Upper Photo Caption)
Les empreintes d'animaux sont courantes dans le soil saturé de pétrole autour des gisements dans cette région

(Lower Right Photo Caption)
La famille Aldridge vécut près du lac Waterton moyen, puis à Oil Creek. Elle déménagea à Cardston après le boom
Archives Glenbow NC-7-451

(Panel 2)
Le Boom Pétrolier De L'Alberta A Commencé Ici

Le puits de découverte Lineham n'était pas le premier dans l'Ouest candien, mais c'était le premier à produire des quantités de pétrole vendables.

En 1897, John Lineham établit une concession minière côté d'Oil Creek, puis forme la Rocky Mountain Development Company avec A.P. Patrick et G.K. Leeson. Le siège social est à Pincher Creek.

À la fin de 1901, ils transportent du matériel lourd sur une piste étroite dans la prairie et à travers les montagnes jusqu'à leur concession à Oil Creek. Ils érigent un engin de forage en bois alimenté par une chaudière à vapeur de 35 chevaux-puissance. Ils forent lentement, soit seulement de 30 pieds par jour en moyenne, à cause des problèriel, du manque d'expèrience et des accidents.

Enfin, le 21 septembre 1902, ils trouvent un gisement important et produisent au début 300 barils par jour. Une grande partie du pétrole coulait vers l'aval.

Peu de temps après, le tubage se brise, du gravier tombe dans le trou et bioque les outils. Les tentatives pour déloger les outils en augmentant la pression de la vapeur font èclater la chaudière. Les travaux cessent pour la saison. En 1904, une foise le puite nettoyé, l'équipe instalie une pompe pour alimenter une petite raffinerie. On extrait quelque 8 000 barils de pétrole avant d'abandonner le puits lorsque les outils se coincent de nouveau. Les efforts pour rouvrir le puits échouent.

(Center Photo Caption)
Le puits était foré à l'aide d' outils suspendus à un trépied. On brisait la roche en soulevant puls en abaissant le trépan, en arrétant fréquemment pour aiguiser celul-ci. On enlevait les débris en versant de l'eau dans le trou et en remontant la boue. C'était un travail lent et dangereux.
Archives Glenbow NA-1 585-3

(Panel 3)
Bref Succès Et Avenir Brillant

Les documents erronés et incomplets ne permettent pas de dresser une liste de tous les puits forés pendant le boom, mais on en estime le nombre à environ 25. En dépit d'autre tentatives par la Rocky Mountain Development Company et d'autres entrepreises jusqu'en 1939, aucun ne fut viable.

On sait que le pétrole ici provenait de lents suintements de couches rocheuses beaucoup plus profondes. Bloqué le long d'une ligne de faille, il s'accumulair près de la surface pour former un très petit réservoir.

Ailleurs en Alberta, on découvrit d'importantes réserves de pétrole et de gaz naurel qui formèrent le centre de l'industrie pétrolière au Canada. Le secteur pétrolier et grazier joue encore un rôle vital dans la région autour du parc national.

(Upper Left Photo Caption)
Les machines et les bâtiments se détériorérent. Un nettoyage eu lieu en 1942 dans le cadre de la collecte de ferraille pendant la guerre, et le gouvernement mena d'autres nettoyages dans les années 1960 pour des raisons de sécurité.

(Upper Right Photo Caption)
Un monument intégrant les outils de forage fut érigé peu de temps après que l'emplacement du puits ait été désigné lieu historique national en 1965. Il évoque le style des engins de forage dans cette photo de 1932.
Archives Glenbow NA-700-3

(Lower Photo Caption)
“Le premier boom pétrolier en Alberta fut de courte durée... Les obstacles étaient trop nombreux. Les routes et les pistes étaient beaucoup trop accidentées pour transporter du matériel lourd, et une fois le pétrole extrait, il fallait le transporter à dos de mule à un coût exorbitant. Les installations de raffinage les plus près étaient dépensées et les gens refusaient de prendre d'autres riques... Il ne restait à Oil City que des bâtiments vides et des rêves brisés.”
De “Oil City”, J.F. Dormaar et R.A. Watt
Photo de W.B. Curzon 1928

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

United States Marines

January 15, 2015, 3:14 pm

≫ Next: Ring’s End Landing

≪ Previous: Western Canada's 1st Producing Oil Well

New York, Niagara County, North Tonawanda

United States Marines

Cpl. Jason L. Dunham, born 10 November 1981 - died 22 April 2004. Awarded the Medal of Honor.

United States Marine Corps. Mobile Bay, Alabama, August 5, 1864. Semper Fidelis. Cpl. Willard M. Smith. Medal of Honor Recipient. "He stuck to his gun."

2nd. Lt. John P. Bobo, born 14 February 1943 - KIA 30 March 1967. Awarded the Medal of Honor.

PFC Conrad F. Kania, born August 9, 1924 - KIA November 9, 1942

(War, 2nd Iraq • War, US Civil • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Ring’s End Landing

January 15, 2015, 4:43 pm

≫ Next: Rowayton Veterans Memorial

≪ Previous: United States Marines

Connecticut, Fairfield County, Darien

Ring’s End
Landing
Earlier Called Clock’s Landing
Trading Center
Of Middlesex Parish
Part of Stamford from 1641 until
Incrporated as Town of Darien
May 20, 1826
Presented by Kiwanis Club of Darien
As part of 150th Anniversary Celebration 1970

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Rowayton Veterans Memorial

January 15, 2015, 5:08 pm

≫ Next: Stone Church

≪ Previous: Ring’s End Landing

Connecticut, Fairfield County, Rowayton

Memorial Gun
A Cannon of the Heroic Deeds of Our
Soldiers and Sailors of the Republic in the War
of the Rebellion for the Preservation of the Union
Erected 1901
From U.S.S. Tallapossa
(south side plaque) In Honor of the Citizens of
Rowayton, Conn..
Who Served Their Country
During the Great War, 1914 – 1919
* G. Lester G. James Wallace C. Ackerty • Charles G. Adcock • Tracy B. Ambier • Charles M. Arnold • Stanley Baker • Elwood I. Broadway • Robert Brown • Ralph E. Case • Arthur W. Clark • John A, Cleverley • Marion F. Crockett • Samuel Davis • Herbert E. Dufault • Edmund M. Emmerich • John Farrell • Alfred W. Felter • Warren B. Gager • Russell T. Hall • Preston M. Hart • Anson P.S. Hoyt • Benjamin W. Huyler • George W. Jarvis • Harvey H. Jarvis • Clifford N. Jennings • Lowden Jessup, Jr. • Francis S. Johnson • Robert Jones • Allen B. Judge • Ira H. Kiggins • William W. Lynch • Roy E. Merrifield • Russell S. Mills • Stanley A. Mills • Frank Nesbitt • Frederick G. Oakes • Harry Oberlander • William Pinkney, Jr. • Frederick Prange • Roy Preston • Merton B. Rackett • Edgar L. Raymond • Milton S. Rowland • Frank R. Stevens • William I. Stevens, 3rd • Theodore S. Smith, Jr. • Russell F. Thomes • Edward A. Tinker • Edward Tuttle • Raynar Werme • Sanford B. Wicks

(north side plaque) In Honor of the Citizens of
Rowayton, Conn..
Who Served Their Country
During World War II 1941 - 1945
* Albert Lawrence James Ackerly • Paul Albrecht • Alfred Anderson • Milton T. Anderson • George Andrews • Alfred Avison • George M. Avison • Richard Billard • Robert E. Billmeyer • Walter Blauvelt, Jr. • Rev. A. King Boutwell • Carl Brenner, Jr. • Harry Brotherton • K. Edgar Bryan • Marjorie Cable • Thomas Cahalan • William Cahalan • Thomas Canty • William Canty • Elwyn Chesley, Jr. • Dr. Sidney Chipman • Oliver Clark, Jr. • John H. Coates • Duncan Cook • S. Robert Cooke • Harvey Cooke, Jr. • Owen Cottle • Chester Crain • Charles Crane • Michael Dadona • Frederick Davis • Edward Denton, Jr. • Arthur DiSalvo, Jr. • Reginald Dobbins, Jr. • Eugene Doscher • John Dowling • Robert Dowling • Carl Erickson • Earl Erickson • Paul Estok, Jr. • Lester Fairchild, Jr. • Francis X. Fay • Edward Flinn • Edward Franklin • Richard Franklin • Donald Funk • John Funk • Walter Furman, Jr. • Donald Gale • William Gale • Joseph Georgie • James Gilligan • Robert K. Ginsberg • Dr. Henry Gloetzner • John B. Gray • Otto Hain • John Hanlon, Jr. • Edward T. Hart • Fenton Harvey, Jr. • Barbara J. Hayes • Clifford G. Hayes • Pedro Herazo • Willard J. Higgins • Edgar Hobbs • John Hodges • Alder Holbrook • Theodore Holbrook • George H. Holtzman • Michael Huminski • John Hurd • Frank Ives, Jr. • Hennie Johnson • Walter Johnson • Otto Kaplan • George C. Kay • Howard J. Kelly, Jr. • Russell A. Kelly • William Kelly • Philip Kempf • Jonathan E. Kilbourn • Joseph A. Kilbourn • Lawrence Knowlton • Edward Krausse • Albert D. Kuban • Alfred Ladrigan • Arthur Ladrigan • D. Louis Ladrigan • Robert LaFontaine • Frank Lawrence • Rudolph Lawrence • George W. Letts • Gerard Lewis • Jack Lewis • Laurence Lewis • Harold Lindblad • Dr. Franklin Lynch • Jacob Lynch • Benjamin Mangels • Carl Manuel • George Manuel • Edmond Mayer • George Mayer • Richard McCarty • Albert Melher • Harry T. Merrill • William Moore • Douglas Morrison • Joseph Morrison • Edward E. Moseley • George Moseley • John Moseley • Rodney Nelson • Frederick Oakes • Helen Oakley • Andrew Ogle • Arthur Olsen, Jr. • Robert Patrick • Hastings Peirce • Timothy Peirce • Harold Penny • Robert J. Pettus • Harold F. Philcox • Eugene Prince • Robert Rathburn • Edgar L. Raymond • Frank E. Raymond • Richard A. Reading • Francis A. Reilly • Allen R. Richmond, Jr. • Charles Richmond • Roland Roberts • Kathleen Robertson • Howard E. Robinson • John Rumsey, Jr. • Milton Saver • Edward Schultz • Lloyd Schultz • Jay Schwartz • Rev. Donald sinclair • David L. Smith • Hayward Smith • Charles F. Spear • Stoughton C. Spear • Fe Speer, Jr. • Louis St. Armand • George Stallings, Jr. • Luke Stapleton • Walter Stelkovics • Robert Stephanak • Richard Stevens • Duane Stewart • Robert Strand • Hector Stretckmans, Jr. • Howard Stretckmans • Harold Stringham, Jr. • Allan T. Sylvester II • Delmont J. Sylvester • Frank Teraney • Robert Thompson, Jr. • Richard Tucker • Edward Tuttle • George Tuttle • William Valentine, Jr. • John von Dningelo • Morton Haite • John Weisheit • Newton Wilbur • Malcolm Winsor • Paul Winsor III • Dwight Worden • Harlan P. Wright • Sidney Wrigley • Galan Wyland • George Young, Jr. • Lester Young, Jr. • Lucas Ziluca

(War, US Civil • War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Stone Church

January 15, 2015, 7:52 pm

≫ Next: Old South Bend Stage Station

≪ Previous: Rowayton Veterans Memorial

New York, Lewis County, Lowville

Built in 1831 after two previous buildings burned within three years. First Presbyterian Church, Lowville, NY

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Old South Bend Stage Station

January 15, 2015, 8:09 pm

≫ Next: Marion Ellett "Most Easy" Budd

≪ Previous: Stone Church

Wyoming, Sweetwater County, Granger

The Old South Bend Stage Station
Built 1850
__________

Gift of E.J. Brandly and Family
To the State of Wyoming
In memory of Mrs. E.J. Brandly
__________

On the Oregon Trail and Pony Express

(Communications • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Marion Ellett "Most Easy" Budd

January 16, 2015, 5:23 pm

≫ Next: Rattler Gulch Limestone Cliffs ACEC

≪ Previous: Old South Bend Stage Station

Kansas, Coffey County, Burlington

Marion Ellett Budd was a country printer who ranked with the best craftsmen in the printing industry. Most Easy came to Burlington on Sept. 1st, 1877. His Runt Park, as he called his place in Burlington, attracted thousands of curiosity seekers to see his fanciful creations in concrete and stone.

Runt is the concrete dog in the center of this love triangle behind the castle. Thousands drove many miles to see this and the other works of art in Budd's Runt Park.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Communications • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Rattler Gulch Limestone Cliffs ACEC

January 16, 2015, 7:37 pm

≫ Next: A "great" Set of Falls

≪ Previous: Marion Ellett "Most Easy" Budd

Montana, Granite County, near Drummond

The limestone feature (outcrop), located across the road, known as the Madison Limestone Formation, was deposited about 350 million years ago in a shallow sea. It was uplifted about 65 million years ago during the Laramide Orogeny (when the Rocky Mountains were formed.) During its uplift the cliffs were folded and faulted, adding to the geologic structure of the cliffs.
Approximately 1635 feet of the Madison Formation are exposed in this location. It is partly composed of the fossil remains of small marine animals. Erosional processes of the bedding planes in the formation reveal ancient sea floors.
The ACEC designation means that BLM is giving these limestone cliffs special emphasis and protection. This outcropping of the Madison Formation is unique in its entire exposure. The site is used by universities and high schools for geologic study and investigations, as well as being available for public viewing and enjoyment.

(Natural Features) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

A "great" Set of Falls

January 16, 2015, 7:54 pm

≫ Next: Transportation Archaeology on the WIS 57 Project

≪ Previous: Rattler Gulch Limestone Cliffs ACEC

Montana, Cascade County, Great Falls

Hidasta informants described a fall of water on the Missouri River near the mountains, so the Captains expected a short portage. Instead of one waterfall, Lewis happened upon a succession of five, and their hope for a short portage faded. Look upriver and see “upper pitch,” now called Black Eagle Falls, the last in the series. The remaining four cascades are downriver - the “sublimely grand” Great Falls is 8 river miles and a 20-minute drive away.

A “great” Challenge
Standing atop a knoll, now called Smelter Hill, just upstream, Lewis determined the south shore offered the shortest, most level portage with the fewest ravine crossings. Following Clark’s survey, the Corps pulled canoes and gear over 18 miles of unforgiving plains.

A “great” But Tamed, Resource
The 360 foot drop in this section of river offered a ready power source for the young community of Great Falls. Five dams now lasso the river and regulate its water levels and current.

(Exploration • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Transportation Archaeology on the WIS 57 Project

January 16, 2015, 8:57 pm

≫ Next: Grace Church

≪ Previous: A "great" Set of Falls

Wisconsin, Door County, Namur

Historic Preservation and the WIS 57 Project
The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) requires federal agencies to take into account the effect their projects might have on historic properties such as buildings and archaeological sites. Archaeological and historical investigations of the WIS 57 corridor were conducted according to NHPA regulations and procedures.

These procedures, referred to as the Section 106 process, involve the following:
• Identification of historic resources
• Evaluation of affected resources
• Determination of historic significance
• Avoidance through redesign when possible
• Mitigation of significant sites that cannot be avoided

WIS 57 archaeological investigations began in 1992 and continued through 2008. Results included:
• 107 archaeological sites identified
• 78 archaeological sites tested
• 38 sites considered significant
• 30 sites avoided by rerouting the highway
• Mitigation of eight sites that could not be avoided

Phase I: Identification Process
This phase involves a review of records and background material to identify previously recorded historic and prehistoric sites in the vicinity of the study area. Fieldwork included pedestrian reconnaissance of the WIS 57 corridor to identify previously reported sites as well as unreported site locations.

Phase II: Evaluating Significance
Identified sites must be evaluated to assess the significance of the site if they are likely to be disturbed by project actions. Both hand and machine-aided excavations may be used in this process. If the investigations suggest that the site is potentially eligible to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the site is considered significant.

Phase III: Data Recovery
Not all significant archaeological sites or buildings can be preserved. When such properties are affected by responsible development, the Section 106 process allows for various means of mitigating or lessening the effect of disturbance. However, because archaeological sites are non-renewable resources, those that cannot be conserved need to be carefully recorded before ground-disturbing activities begin. Mitigation of archaeological sites typically takes the form of large-scale, controlled excavations. These data recovery projects are often complex and time consuming. As a result, unless the affected site is very small, most data recovery plans are designed to sample a site rather than excavate it completely.

Archaeological Monitoring
Archaeological monitoring of the construction process is sometimes conducted in culturally sensitive portions of a project area. During the WIS 57 Project, archaeologists monitored ground disturbing activities to guard against incidental disturbance of human remains. "Archaeological monitoring requires close cooperation among WisDOT, contractors, and archaeologists.

(All images UWM-ARL 2012)
logos of United States Department of Transportation, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Wisconsin Department of Transportation

(Anthropology • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Grace Church

January 17, 2015, 7:26 am

≫ Next: Quantrill's Raiders Kill Johnny Fry

≪ Previous: Transportation Archaeology on the WIS 57 Project

New York, New York County, New York

This Protestant Episcopal Church of Gothic design was constructed of unfinished marble in 1845-46 from plans by James Renwick, Jr. It contains the cornerstone of an earlier church erected in 1806. It is famous for its stained glass windows, high arches and carved pulpit.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Quantrill's Raiders Kill Johnny Fry

January 17, 2015, 1:57 pm

≫ Next: Last Pratt Pony Truss Bridge in Cherokee County

≪ Previous: Grace Church

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

Near this site, Quantrill's men attacked and killed several men from the fort engaged in target practice. Among them were Johnny Fry, an Army scout who had earlier won fame as the first Pony Express rider, and Lt. Ralph Cook, officer in charge of the 2nd Kansas Colored Infantry.

(Disasters • Patriots & Patriotism • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Last Pratt Pony Truss Bridge in Cherokee County

January 17, 2015, 2:10 pm

≫ Next: Veterans Memorial

≪ Previous: Quantrill's Raiders Kill Johnny Fry

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

This small bridge is the last of its kind in Cherokee County. Given to the historical society by the county commissioners, it was moved to this site in 1994 from the northwest corner of the county.

(Bridges & Viaducts) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Veterans Memorial

January 17, 2015, 2:18 pm

≫ Next: The Big Spring

≪ Previous: Last Pratt Pony Truss Bridge in Cherokee County

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

To the loving memory of those men and women who gave their lives in all past wars and to all veterans who served our great country we dedicate this tank
We thank you for your sacrifices

This M-60 forty five ton Army tank was donated by the Kansas Army National Guard to the citizens of Baxter Springs through the efforts of Lt Col Joe Broyle
Wayne Cook and the City of Baxter Springs

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

The Big Spring

January 17, 2015, 3:38 pm

≫ Next: First School in Baxter Springs

≪ Previous: Veterans Memorial

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

A gushing spring, largest of many along Spring Branch, once flowed here. Early pioneers, Osage Indians, and military personnel stopped to camp here and drink the mineral waters, believed to have curative powers. During the Victorian Era, when the city became a health spa, the spring was the centerpiece of Springs Park on this block. It ceased to flow with the advent of lead and zinc mining to the west.

(Environment • Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

First School in Baxter Springs

January 17, 2015, 4:07 pm

≫ Next: The Hanging Tree

≪ Previous: The Big Spring

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

In 1866, a small log school building was built on this site, with benches and desks hewn from logs. The first teacher was Miss Lillie Van Epps. It was a subscription school, which was maintained, and the teacher paid with tuition from the students. The school operated until 1868 when a new frame school was constructed on the southeast corner of 11th and Park.

(Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

The Hanging Tree

January 17, 2015, 7:01 pm

≫ Next: Dellet-Bedsole Plantation

≪ Previous: First School in Baxter Springs

Kansas, Cherokee County, Baxter Springs

A giant elm, it's branches spreading nearly 100 feet, grew here on the bank of Spring Branch. It shaded Fort Blair's mess kitchen during the Civil War and later was infamous as the site of vigilante justice. As many as seven horse thieves were hanged from the tree at one time. The old tree died and was cut down in the 1950's.

(Environment • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Dellet-Bedsole Plantation

January 17, 2015, 7:08 pm

≫ Next: Wiggins House

≪ Previous: The Hanging Tree

Alabama, Clarke County, near Claiborne

This 4000 acre complex has been recognized for its contribution to our understanding of the history of Monroe County and the State of Alabama. Originally developed as a cotton plantation during the Antebellum period, this farm has been in continuous operation from the early 1800's and reflects the changes in rural agrarian Alabama from that period to the present time. The plantation retains 16 building and sites of historic significance and shows evidence of occupation for long periods of time by Native Americans prior to white settlement. Listed 1994.

(Agriculture • Antebellum South, US • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

↧

Latest Images