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Glover Fulling Mill & Kings Run

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New Jersey, Camden County, Haddon Heights
The unusual topography in the McLaughlin-Norcross Dell area of the Camden County Park dates to the Colonial period. The steep slopes were related to King’s Run, a navigable waterway that provided the area’s first means of transportation in the 17th Century when European settlement in West Jersey began.

Until the 1920s, a brick and stone mill stood on the opposite side of the stream behind the stage of the Dell. This mill housed machinery to clean cloth and make it thicker by controlled shrinking and beating, called fulling. When John Glover built his mill in 1773-76, he dammed King’s Run and diverted water from just behind the dam through a channel called a headrace to run the mill’s waterwheel. The force of the flowing water as well as the weight of the water falling from above turned the wheel and its axle that moved wooden hammers to beat the cloth in a water-filled trough. After being fulled and dyed, the cloth was suspended in open fields for stretching so that it would dry evenly and square. A tale race carried water away from the mill, depositing it back in King’s Run.

Betsy Ross was a customer of the Glover Mill and tradition says that the fabric for the American flag was processed here. The mill was destroyed by fire in 1822 and was rebuilt later that year. However, by the second half of the 19th century, the industrial revolution had begun and steam-powered textile mills had taken over the manufacture of cloth. After the Civil War the mill quietly passed out of production. The property was sold to the Borough of Haddon Heights in 1911 and although the mill was soon torn down, portions of the tail race, dam embankments, and the mill foundation survive. The current path of the stream reflects the old dam’s location.

You are also standing near the site of a Revolutionary War skirmish with British General Cornwallis after the Battle of Red Bank in 1777. A cannonball found by the Works Progress Administration when creating the Camden County Park in 1937 is now located at the Haddon Heights Library.

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


The Peirce Family Estate

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District of Columbia, Washington
The stone mill was an important part of the Peirce family's business. Like most farms of the 1800s, this was also a diversified and constantly evolving operation. The family managed hundreds of acres devoted to fields, pastures, and orchards. A sawmill, a nursery, barns, and bee hives dotted the landscape. The Peirce estate also contained housing for the large family, enslaved people, and tenants who made the business a success.

(Agriculture • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 14 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Springhouse

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District of Columbia, Washington
This small stone structure was built by Isaac Pierce in 1801. Constructed around a natural spring, it was used as a cooling place for cheese, milk, and butter products, during the hot summer months. It also provided a clean water supply.

A fireplace provided warmth during the winter for cheese making and buttermaking activities.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Peirce Still House

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District of Columbia, Washington
The Peirce Still House, built between 1796 and 1811, was part of a large plantation owned by Isaac Peirce, a Quaker from Pennsylvania and slave owner, who purchased the property in 1795. Much of the Peirce Estate became part of Rock Creek Park when it was created in 18990.

The House is constructed of blue granite quarried from the local area. The House was originally utilized as a distillery, but was converted into a residence in 1924.

In 1955, the House was occupied by Sherman Adams, Chief of Staff to President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who entertained many political figures at the House, including Sir Winston Churchill.

The House is now a private residence.

(Industry & Commerce • Politics) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Asbury Methodist Church

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Ohio, Clark County, near Springfield
Site of Asbury Methodist Church 1840- 1907

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Home-In-The-Wilderness 1821-1870

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Ohio, Putnam County, near Cloverdale
Home in the wilderness 1821-1870. Built in 1821 downstream a quarter mile on the Auglaize west bank by Sebastian Sroufe, War of 1812 veteran, and wife Mary, this home was postal stop Sugar Grove on the Ft. Recovery-Ft. Defiance route and in 1828, Perry Township organization meeting site. On January 24, 1829, Sebastian was appointed the first postmaster in Putnam County.

Seven years after Sebastian's death in 1830, Mary wed Judge John Perkins, Brunersburg Mill owner, and leased her Auglaize River home. Pearson B. holden, Christian Union Church pastor, and wife, Priscilla (Ridenour) were operating this double log home as a tavern housing up to thirty travelers a night in 1846, when Henry Howe sketched the Home-In-The-Wilderness for his Historical Collections of Ohio.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

In Memory of Chief P-H-T and the Hawg Creek Shawnee

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Ohio, Allen County, near Lima
In memory of PHT adn the Hawg Creek Shawnee. This area was their home until the 1830's when they were forcibly removed by the U.S. government. Some stayed and their descendants live here to this day. Chief PHT died before the removal and was buried near this site. may we honor these people today and forever. Dedicated by the "People of Turtle Island" October 2000

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Samuel Myers, Sr., Grist Mill 1834-1860

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Ohio, Putnam County, near Cloverdale
The Samuel Myers, Sr. Grist Mill 1834-1860 After Christmas Day 1833, Samuel Myers, Sr., a native of Hagerstown, Maryland, and Margaret (Hardin), first couple wed in Putnam County, moved ito their log home on the Auglaize River west bank. Because settlers were boating their grain to mills in Brunersburg, or Piqua, Ohio, Samuel built a grist mill here on the east bank and a dam across river by 1840. These remained in operation until the 1913 flood. The sugar maple grove behind the mill became a popular picnic area, now Cascade Roadside Park.

A surveyor of Kalida, Ohio, first Putnam County government seat, builder of three miles of plank road west from Cascade to the Miami-Erie Canal in 1845 and of the first Perry Township School, school examiner and county commissioner. Samuel Myers, Sr., planned for the future.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Regeneration

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Illinois, Cook County, Chicago
The Great Chicago Fire in October eighteen hundred and seventy-one devastated the city. From its ashes the people of Chicago caused a new and greater city to rise imbued with that indomitable spirit and energy by which they have ever been guided.

Erected by trustees of the B.F. Ferguson Monument Fund, 1928.

(Disasters) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Fort Dearborn

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Illinois, Cook County, Chicago
Here • Stood
Old • Fort • Dearborn
1803 – 1812

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Whilden-Carrier Cottage

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Florida, Miami-Dade County, Pinecrest

This cottage is typical of the pioneer dwellings built by homesteaders who settled in rural Dade County during the early 1900s through 1930s. It belonged to Carl Whilden, chief foreman at Fairchild Tropical Garderns. Whilden built the cottage in 1932 on land belonging to his wife Mary Carrier. The Carriers were an early pioneer family from Quebec, Canada, that homesteaded on 20 acres of pine woodlands located near Snapper Creek and Ludlam Road. The Whildens lived in this cottage from the Depression through the early 1970s. Their property included vegetable gardens, fruit trees, tropical specimens and native species bounded by oolitic rock walls and terraces. The cottage was designated a historic site by Miami-Dade County's Historic Preservation Board in 2000 and was relocated to Pinecrest Gardens in 2003.
Village Council
Evelyn Langlier Greer, Mayor
Leslie Bowe, Vice Mayor
Cindie Blanck
Barry Blaxberg
Robert Kingston

Peter G. Lombardi, Village Manager
Guido H. Inguanzo, Jr. CMC, Village Clerk
Cynthia A. Everett, P.A., Village Attorney


(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Homes That Hover

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Florida, Miami-Dade County, Key Biscayne
Stiltsville got its start in the 1930s, when "Crawfish" Eddie Walker set up a bait shop on the bay.

The area takes its name from the houses built on stilts above the water. By the 1950s and 1960s, it was a popular gathering place for fishermen, boaters, club-goers and well-known citizens, such as former governor of Florida, LeRoy Collins. Today, the National Park Service owns the land on which Stiltsville stands, and the structures are part of Biscayne National Park.

"No one who chances upon the phenomenon of Stiltsville for the first time will ever forget the sight of homes that hover above the waters, miles away from any shore, like stuctures from a dream."
Les Standiford, letter to Mr. Richard Shaw, August 12, 1998

(captions)
The Calvert Club was one of the earliest and most popular destinations in Stiltsville. It is shown here with members of the Maimi Rod and Reel Club in 1938.

Seven structures currently make up Stiltsville: Hicks House; Bay Chateau; Leshaw House; Baldwin, Sessions, Shaw House; A Frame House; Jimmy Ellenburg House; Miami Springs Power Boat Club

Feel the unique structure of the A-Frame House. It was added to Stiltsville in the 1950s.

(Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 11 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hometown Hero

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Maryland, Baltimore County, Towson
Nathan Towson, born 1784 in the area named for his family, served in the U.S. Army for 42 years. He enlisted in 1812 when war with Britain seemed imminent. As an artillery captain, Towson distinguished himself in nearly every major engagement on the Niagara Frontier.

A lieutenant colonel at war’s end, Towson was later made a brigadier general. He was still on active duty, as paymaster general, when he died in 1854. (Side Bar) Sword of Honor-Nathan Towson was fighting on the Canadian border when the British attacked Baltimore in 1814. In recognition of his service to country, Maryland gave him a sword inscribed with the actions where he nobly fought.

“This officer (Captain Towson) has so often distinguished himself, that…I have no idea that there is an Artillery officer in any service superior to him in the knowledge and performance of his duty.”
General Eleazer Ripley report of Battle of Fort Erie, August 1814

(Inscription under the sketch on the left)
Towson’s Battery (far left in this 1814 sketch) was called “Towson’s Lighthouse” because of its relentless firing during the defense of Fort Erie. By U.S. Army Captain Loring Austin-Image courtesy of Clements Library, University of Michigan.

(Inscription beside the painting in the lower center)

Nathan Towson, ca 1815. By Rembrandt Peale-Image/Courtesy Maryland Historical Society

(Inscription under the engraving in the lower right)
A fanciful engraving of General Winfield Scott (on horseback) with Nathan Towson (on foot in foreground) Image courtesy of Baltimore County Library.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Prelude to War

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Maryland, Baltimore City, Baltimore
Events here October 4, 1808, known as “Gin Riots” were more rallies than riots. Some 1,300 horsemen, 400 sailors, and thousands of civilians paraded to Hampstead Hill to destroy 720 gallons of Dutch gin.

The British, intercepting Baltimore-based Sophia at sea, demanded a tax on each gallon of gin. When Sophia returned home, citizens---angered that the “infamous tribute” had been paid---ordered the cargo “condemned to flames” in protest.

Tensions Mount-The Sophia episode was just one of numerous times the British stopped American merchant ships---sometimes forcing crewmen into the Royal Navy. Many unlucky ships and sailors hailed from Baltimore.

“…the brig Sophia, of Baltimore…was boarded by an English gun brig, the commander of which ordered (the) vessel to England to pay duties on his cargo.”
–Easton Republican Star, November 4, 1808.

(Inscription beside the image on the left)
With great ceremony, fires consumed the barrels of gin hanging from makeshift gallows on Hampstead Hill.

(Inscription beside the image on the right)
The practice of “impressments” forcing American sailors into the British navy was one of the causes of the War of 1812.

(Inscription under the image on the right)
Impressment of American seamen following the defeat of the USS Chesapeake by HMS Leopard, June 1807-Image/The Granger Collection, New York.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Show of Strength

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Maryland, Baltimore City, Baltimore
After the stinging defeat at Bladensburg and invasion of Washington, Americans rallied to save Baltimore. All available able-bodied men were called to build defenses. Black and white, slave and free, united to dig earthworks across Hampstead Hill and adjacent heights.

British land forces approaching on September 13, 1814, stopped at the sight of the well-armed defenses. Deciding that storming the American stronghold would be too costly, the British army retreated.

Baltimore’s Heroes-Credit for the defenses goes to Major General Samuel Smith and Commodore John Rogers. Smith coordinated the overall effort. Rodgers commanded Hampstead Hill, including a bastion where the pagoda now stands

(Inscriptions near the images on the left)
Major General Samuel Smith by Rembrandt Peale, ca. 1817-18-image courtesy Maryland Historical Society and Commodore John Rogers by John Wesley Jarvis, ca. 1814-image courtesy National Gallery of Art.

“(Baltimore) was…defended by extremely Strong Works on every Side, and immediately in front of us by an extensive Hill on which was an entrenched Camp and great quantities of artillery, and …at least… 15 to 20,000 Men.”
–British Rear Admiral George Cockburn to Vice Admiral Alexander F.I. Cochrane, September 15, 1814.

(Inscription at the bottom)
The Gathering of the Troops on Hampstead Hill by Thomas Ruckle-image courtesy Maryland Historical Society.

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


Captain James Cook, R.N.

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 5 (Humber District), Corner Brook
English:
From 1763 to 1767 Captain Cook. R.N directed a survey embracing the greater part of the coast of Newfoundland. The charting of this coastline was the first scientific, large scale, hydrographic survey to use precise triangulation to establish land outlines. It produced a collection of charts which remained standard for a century. The choice of Cook to carry out Pacific exploration was a result of his success in Newfoundland. Cook’s visit to this area on his ascent of the Humber as far as Deer Lake was part of the fist serious attempt to delineate the inland topography of Newfoundland.

French:
De 1763 à 1767, Le capitaine James Cook, de la Marine royale, procéda au levé topographique de la plus grande partie du littoral de Terre-Neuve. La cartographie du relief cótier de cette grande région constitua le premier levé scientifique de grande envergure par triangulation. On en tira une série de cartes qui firent autorité pendant un siècle. Au cours de ses travaux, Cook remonta la rivière Humber jusqu’au lac Deer, A cause de son succès à Terre-Neuve, il fu chargé de sa premier expédition dans le Pacifique.

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Green Point

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 9 (North Peninsula), Sally's Cove
English:
In 2000, the global stratotype for the boundary between the Cambrian and Ordovician systems was designated here at Green Point by the International Commission of Stratigraphy. It is located within a bed of shale and limestone (Bed 23) exposed in the southwest facing cliff and shore platform. The level is marked by the first appearance of the conodont fossil Iapetognathus fluctivagus, 4.8 meters below the oldest known planktic graptolite fossils.
The site lies within Gros Morne National Park. No collecting or scientific study is allowed without a permit.

French:
En l’an 2000, la Commission internationale de stratigraphie a localisé ici, à Green Point, le stratotype global de la limite entre les systèmes cambrien et ordovicien. Cette limite apparaît dans un lit de shale et de calcaire (Lit 23) affleurant sur le platier et dans la falaise exposés au sud-ouest. Elle correspond à l’apparition d’un fossile, le conodonte Iapetognathus fluctivagus, à 4,8 mètres au-dessous de plus anciens graptolites pélagiques fossiles connus.
Le site fait partie du parc national du Gros-Morne. Prélèvement et études scientifiques interdits sans autorisation.

(Paleontology) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The End of a Quest: L’aboutissement d’une quête

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 9 (North Peninsula), near St Lunaire-Griquet
English:
Following clues in the ancient Icelandic sagas, and the writings of Viking scholars and enthusiasts, Norwegian writer and explorer Helge Ingstad arrived at L’Anse aux Meadows in 1960. When he asked whether there were any unusual mounds or low turf wall nearby, community elder and fisherman George Decker led him to the site that local people called “the Old Indian Camp”.

Here the long search for the Norse foothold in North America ended, and the painstaking detective work of Anne Stine Ingstad and other archaeologists began. Through the following decades of archaeological work, area residents played a vital role in uncovering the Viking and Aboriginal history of their home.

L’Anse aux Meadows is the village to the northeast. Its name may be a corruption of l’anse à la Médée, meaning Medea’s Cove. This was part of the French Shore until 1904, and by treaty, vessels from France had the right to fish and establish shore stations all along this coast. Shore stations were often named after the ships that worked there. Many French ships in the 1600s and 1700s were named after Medea, the heroine of a Greek tragic play. The name was altered when English-speaking settlers arrived, although the bay in front of the village is still called Medee Bay.

French:
En se fiant aux indices tirés des antiques sagas islandaises et sur les ouvres des érudits et des passionnés qui s’intéressent aux Vikings, l’écrivain et explorateur norvégien Helge Ingstad est arrivé à L’Anse aux Meadows en 1960. Lorsqu’il a demandé s’il y avait des monticules inhabituels ou de murs bas en gazon dans les environs, l’aîné de la communauté, George Decker, qui était aussi pêcheur, l’a emmené sur le site que la population locale appelait «le vieux camp indien».

La long recherche de la preuve d’une présence scandinave en Amérique du Nord s’est achevée à cet endroit et la laborieux travail d’enquête d’Anne Stine Ingstad et d’autres archéologues a commencé. Au cours des décennies de travail archéologique qui ont suivi, les habitants de la région ont joué un rôle central dans la découverte du passé viking et autochtone de ce lieu.

L’Anse aux Meadows est un village situé au nord-est. Son nom est peut-être un déformation de l’anse à la Médée. En effet, il a fait partie de la côte française jusqu’en 1904, en un traité autorisait les navires venus de France à pêcher et à établir des stations littorales le long de cette côte. Les stations littorales prenaient souvent le nom des navires qui naviguaient à cet endroit. De nombreux navires français du 17ᵉ et du 18ᵉ siècle avaient été nommés d’après Médée, l’heroïne d’une tragédie grecque. Ce nom a été transformé avec l’arrivée des pionniers anglophones, même si la baie située en face du village est toujours appelée baie Medee.

(Anthropology • Exploration • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Blanc-Sablon

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Quebec, Côte-Nord, near Blanc-Sablon
English:
For nearly nine thousand years, Aboriginal peoples have been drawn to Blanc-Sablon's abundant shoreline resources. Research conducted on more than sixty archaeological sites along the western bank of the Blanc-Sablon River reveals settlement and subsistence patterns that gradually changed over time. The quantity and diversity of the wildlife remains found here testify to the importance of coastal resources, particularly seals, to the diet of the area's inhabitants. A rich trove of archaeological evidence, Blanc-Sablon serves as a witness to the evolution of Aboriginal societies on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula.

French:
Pendant près de neuf mille ans, les abondantes ressources du littoral de Blanc-Sablon ont attiré des groupes autochtones. Des recherches effectuées sur plus de 60 sites archéologiques, situés sur la rive ouest de la rivière Blanc-Sablon, révèlent des modes d'établissement et de subsistance qui ont changé graduellement. La quantité et la diversité des restes fauniques démontrent l'importance qu'occupaient les ressources côtières, tout particulièrement le phoque, dans l'alimentation des habitants de la région. Ces richesses archéologiques font de Blanc-Sablon un témoin de l'évolution des sociétés autochtones de la péninsule du Québec-Labrador.

Innu-aimun or Montagnais:
The left side of the marker has the Blanc-Sablon text in Innu-aimun. If you are interested, click on the marker image to enlarge it and read the text.


(Anthropology • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Stephen Vincent Benét

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Pennsylvania, Northampton County, Fountain Hill
This talented author was born here July 22, 1898; died in New York March 13, 1943. “John Brown's Body” and his other poems and stories give vivid expression to the best in American spirit and tradition.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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