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The Mississippi Valley Trust Company

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Missouri, Independence County, Saint Louis
The Mississippi Valley Trust Company was this 1896 building’s first occupant. The Classical Revival facade was an attempt to express the company’s conservatism and stability.

The Trust financed the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. By no coincidence the Fair’s President David R. Francis was also a Trust director.

Francis is the only person in history to be both mayor of St. Louis and governor of Missouri. He was also U.S. ambassador to Russia during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.

Francis lured Republicans to St. Louis for their 1896 national convention. “The atmosphere is not so humid in St. Louis as it is in New York,” he assured them. Francis was a Democrat.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Dred and Harriet Scott

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Missouri, Independence County, Saint Louis
Dred and Harriet Scott filed suit for their freedom at this courthouse in 1846. Their case reached the United States Supreme Court and was decided in 1857. The court ruled that the Scotts and all African Americans were not citizen of the United States. Opposition to the decision was one of the causes of the Civil War and led to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution. The Scotts’ struggle for freedom stands as a defining moment in the history of the Civil Rights Movement.

Harry Weber, Sculptor

(African Americans • Civil Rights) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

La Rue Missouri

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Missouri, Independence County, Saint Louis
English
La Rue Missouri (Chestnut Street), probably named for the Missouria Indians, rather than the river, was the first cross-street north of Market, and several leading families lived nearby - including Madame Marie Therese Chouteau, her daughter Marie Labadie and the Debreuils. After the American takeover in 1804, a confusing system of letters was applied to the streets, La Rue Missouri was first designated “North A Street” before becoming “Chestnut Street: in 1826. That year, the city council dominated by former residents of Pennsylvania, renamed cross streets after tree species, as in Philadelphia.

La Rue Missouri (Chestnut Street), devait probablement son nom aux Indiens Missouria plutôt qu’à la rivière. Elle fut la première rue transversale au nord de Market Street, et plusieurs grandes familles y vivaient à proximité, en particulier Madame Marie Therèse Chouteau, sa fille Marie Labadie, et les Dubreuil, Après la prise de contrôle américaine en 1804, on adopta un système de lettres peu clair pour nommer les rues. La rue Missouri fut désignée “Rue de Nord A” avant de devenir “Chestnut Street” en 1826. Cette année-là, le conseil municipal, dominé par d’anciens résidents de la Pennsylvania, rebaptisèrent les rues transversales en leur donnant des noms d’arbres, comme à Philadelphie.

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Merchant Laclede Building

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Missouri, Independence County, Saint Louis
The eight-story Merchant Laclede Building named after the merger of two of its bank tenants, is an early example of St. Louis’ tall fireproof office buildings. Completed in 1889, some of its offices contain fireplaces.

The building was designed for the banks in the area during the 1880s when the St. Louis economy surged. By 1890, St. Louis’ population grew to fifth largest in the nation.

Notice the decorative terra cotta relief panels with varied designs accenting the building. Look closely at one of the panels high above Olive Street for particularly mischievous subject matter.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Concord Universalists / First Universalist Church

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Michigan, Jackson County, Concord
Concord Universalists
(Side 1)
After migrating from the East, primarily New York State, thirteen families brought their faith to Concord and formed a Universalist Society in 1854. Society members erected this building in 1866 and formally reorganized as a church in 1870. Early members supported the activities and needs of the congregation by paying annual pew rentals. They included many of Concord's most prominent early civic leaders, merchants and farmers.

First Universalist Church
(Side 2)
This Gothic Revival church was built in 1866 according to plans submitted by James and Russell Hungerford and James Dodge, members of the congregation. Box pews and a two aisle-floor plan reflect the New England origins of the church's design. In 1997 the building was deeded to the Hubbard Memorial Museum Foundation. The church is located within the Concord National Register Historic District.

(Churches, Etc. • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Paddock-Hubbard House

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Michigan, Jackson County, Concord
Side 1
In 1843 New York natives Alfred and Ruth Paddock migrated to Concord Township. Within two years they erected this Greek Revival house, reminiscent of those in their home state. A prominent merchant, Alfred Paddock (1805-1870) owned and operated one of Concord's first flour mills. He served as township supervisor from 1844 to 1849 and in the Michigan State Senate from 1853 to 1854. In 1854 the Paddocks hosted Concord's first meeting of the Universalist Society in this house.

Side 2
In February 1897 Truman and Cora Hubbard rented this house from the Paddock family, and eventually purchased the property in 1902. Truman Hubbard served on the Concord village council from 1918 to 1933. In 1953 his farm east of Concord was the site of the first producing oil well in Jackson County. In 1986 the Hubbard's daughter Marion McFarlane (1909-1991) founded the Hubbard Memorial Museum Foundation so that her family's home would become a museum following her death.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Homer Fire Station

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Michigan, Calhoun County, Homer
This brick structure with arched windows and a decorative cornice was built in 1876, five years after Homer incorporated as a village. A fire station, jail, and city offices initially occupied the building which is located in the center of the commercial district. Shortly after its construction, townspeople used the facilities for public meetings and theatricals. Now attached to the new fire station and municipal offices, it is the oldest public building in Homer.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Kidder Massacre

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Kansas, Sherman County, Goodland
About July 1, 1867, Lt. Lyman S. Kidder with ten men of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry, and an Indian guide, were attacked by Indians one mile east of this marker. On July 12 their mutilated bodies were found by Lt. Col. George A. Custer, who ordered the unidentifiable remains buried on the spot in a common grave.

In March, 1868, the bodies were recovered by a detachment from Fort Wallace under command of Lt. Frederick H. Beecher, 3rd U.S. Infantry, who later that year was to die at the Battle of Beecher Island in northeastern Colorado. Kidder’s body, identified by a shirt he wore, was taken to St. Paul, Minn., by his father. The others were reburied at Fort Wallace, but in 1886 were removed to Fort Leavenworth military cemetery.

(Native Americans • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Anson Jones

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Texas, Jones County, Anson
Born in Massachusetts January Twentieth 1798 was licensed to practice medicine in 1820. Came to Texas in 1833. Doctor Jones participated in the Battle of San Jacinto 1836 while a surgeon in the army of Texas. He was a member of the Congress of the Republic 1837 - 41. Minister to the United States 1838. Secretary of State 1841 - 44. He was the last president of the Republic of Texas 1844 1845. Died in Houston Texas January Ninth 1858.

Erected by the State of Texas 1936 with funds appropriated by the Federal government to commemorate one hundred years of Texas independence

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Phantom Hill C.S.A. / Texas Civil War Frontier Defense

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Texas, Jones County, Anson


Fort Phantom Hill C.S.A.
Located 10 mi. east, 9 mi. south on old Butterfield stageline. Upon secession company of First Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles used it as an outpost to give protection against Indians. Stopover on way west for some Union sympathizers and people wanting to avoid conflict of war. In 1862 the frontier defense line was pulled back more than 30 mi. east. However scouting parties and patrols of Confederate and state troops intermittently visited the post in aggressive warfare to keep Indians near the camps and way from settlements and to check on invasion by Union forces. Usually supplying their own mounts, guns and sustenance these men guarded the frontier until war’s end.

Texas Civil War Frontier Defense
Texas had 2000 miles of coastline and frontier to defend from Union attack, Indian raids, marauders. Defense lines were set to give maximum protection with the few men left in the state. One line stretched from El Paso to Brownsville. Another had posts set a day’s horseback ride apart from Red River to the Rio Grande. Phantom Hill and other U.S. forts used by scouting parties lay in a line between. Behind these lines and to the east organized militia citizens’ posses from nearby settlements back the Confederate and state troops to curb Indian raids.

A memorial to Texans who served the Confederacy

(Forts, Castles • War, US Civil • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jones County Courthouse

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Texas, Jones County, Anson
The Seventh Texas Legislature created Jones County in 1858 and named it for Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas. The Civil War, Reconstruction, and the area’s untamed wilderness combined to postpone the county’s formal organization until 1881. Voters selected Jones City, later renamed Anson, as permanent county seat.
     The first permanent courthouse was a small frame building, which served until the county purchased a hotel in 1884 for use as a courthouse. An 1886 brick courthouse served the county for the next 24 years.
     In late 1909, the Jones County Commissioners Court, led by County Judge J.R. Stinson, determined that the growth of the county called for a larger courthouse. They selected Elmer G. Withers of Stamford (15 mi. n) and the Texas Building Company of Fort Worth as architect and contractor, respectively. Completed in 1910, the Jones County courthouse is an excellent example of Beaux Arts styling, with influences from the Arts and Crafts Movement found in the decorative painting uncovered during a 1990s rehabilitation on the ceiling of the district courtroom. Other notable features include the statue of Lady Justice atop the domed clock tower and the pedimented porticoes with flanking pairs of ionic columns on each facade.
     Constructed of brick and Pecos Red Sandstone, the Jones County courthouse continues to stand as an important part of Anson’s architectural heritage and a center of politics and government for the citizens of the county.
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2000

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jones County

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Texas, Jones County, Anson
Site of Emigrant Trail, the Frontier Military Road, and Fort Phantom Hill, founded in 1851 to guard the military road.
     County created 1858 from Bexar and Bosque counties. Named for Anson Jones (1798–1858), a veteran of San Jacinto, Minister to the U.S., Secretary of State and last president of the Texas Republic.
     Phantom Hill, in 1858–1861 a Butterfield Overland Mail station, was in 1861–1865 a Civil War patrol point, trying to curb frontier raids by Indians. The county was recreated in 1876, organized 1881. Anson (at first called Jones City) is county seat.

(Forts, Castles • Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fever Hospital

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 1 (Avalon Peninsula), St. John's
English
Two adjoining barracks were constructed on this site between 1837 and 1840. The two story complex stretched the length of the present parking lot. It was converted to stores in 1842 because of problems with smoke, cold and dampness.

From 1846 to 1859, part of the building was used as a prison. After 1870 it was used as a quarantine hospital and it became an important centre for the treatment of diphtheria, smallpox and tuberculosis following the destruction of St. George’s hospital in 1892. New facilities in St. John’s replaced it early in the twentieth century and the hospital was empty when fire destroyed it on December 18, 1920.

It was in a vacant room of this hospital the Guglielmo Marconi received the first transatlantic wireless signal.

French
A cet endroit, on construisit deux casernes attenantes entre 1837 et 1840. Le complexe de deux étage faisait toute la longueur de présent terrain de stationnement. En 1842, des problèmes de fumée, de froid et d’humidité entraînèrent sa transformation en magasins.

De 1849 à 1859, un partie de l’édifice fut employée comme prison. Après 1870, il servit d’hôpital de quarantaine et, a la suite de la destruction de l’hôpital St. George en 1892, devint un important centre de traitement pour les cas de diphtérie, de petite vérole et de tuberculose. L’arrivée de nouveaux établissements à St. John’s au début du XXᵉ siècle contribua à son déclin; il était inoccupéle le 18 décembre 1920, date où il fut rasé par le feu.

C’est dans une chambre vacante de cet hôpital que Guglielmo Marconi reçut le premier message transatlantique sans fil.

(Communications • Forts, Castles • Science & Medicine) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Royal (Plaisance)

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 1 (Avalon Peninsula), near Placentia
English
Built in the Vauban style, Fort Royal was designed to protect against attackers with siege artillery and muskets. It contains three demi-bastions and one full bastion. The overlapping faces of the demi-bastions form a flank that eliminated places close to the walls where an attacker could hide from musket fire. The full bastion has two flanks. This provided additional protection along the fort’s most vulnerable face (the one containing the gate). A ditch was dug in front of the gate to make it more difficult to attack.

The walls of Fort Royal were 5 metres high with a parapet to protect the cannons and soldiers. This photograph of the ruins of Fort Royal has been augmented to show it as it might have looked in the summer of 1702, as it neared completion.

French
Construit a la Vauban, le fort Royal était conçu pour résister à des attaquants armés d’artillerie de siège et de mousquets. Il comprenait trois demi-bastions et un bastion plein. Les parois chevauchantes des demi-bastions formaient un flanc qui éliminait les angles morts près de murailles où en attaquant aurait pu être à l’abri de mousquets des défenseurs. Le bastion plein avait deux flancs, ce qui renforçait la protection du côté le plus vulnérable du fort, celui de la porte. Un fossé, creusé devant la porte, la rendait encoure plus difficile à attaquer.

Hauts de cinq mètres, les murs de fort Royal étaient surmontés d’un parapet qui abritait canons et soldats, Sur la photo des ruines, on a ajouté la partie manquante pour montrer ce dont le fort avait l’air en 1702, au moment où il a été à peu près terminé.

Click on the image of the marker to enlarge it and identify these points of interest.
Captions (English / French): Demi-Bastion A defensive protrusion at the corner of a fort that is created by extending the curtain wall and forming a single face and flank. / Demi-bastion Ouvrage de defense situé à chaque coin du fort formé par le prolongement de la courtine et qui se compose d’un seul flanc et d’une seule face.; Curtain Walls The walls that connect the bastions or demi-bastions to form the sides of a fort. / Courtines Murs que relient les bastions ou les demi-bastions pour former les parsis latérales d’une place forte.; Ramparts Thick walls of earth and masonry on top of which cannon are mounted. / Remparts Murs épals de terre et de maçonnerie sur lesquels étaient montés les canon.; A soldier positioned at a flank could fire along the adjacent curtain wall. / Un soldat placé sur le flanc pouvait tiret le long de la courtine adjacente.; The faces of bastions and demi-bastions were often angled so that attackers could be seen and fired on by soldiers on the curtain wall. / Les faces des bastions et des demi-bastions étaient inclinées de sorte qu’un soldat placé sur la courtine pouvait les voir et tirer.; Bastion A protruding defensive block at the corner of a fort consisting of two faces and two flanks. At Fort Royal the powder magazine was housed within the bastion. / Bastion Ouvrage de fortification faisant saillie sur l’enceinte d’un fort et comprenant deux faces et deux flancs. Au fort Royal, la poudrière se trouvait à l’intérieur du bastion.

(Forts, Castles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Grotto of La Esperanza

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Honduras, Intibuca, La Esperanza

La Gruta
Construida en 1934
Por Gral. J. Ines Perez
Reconstruido en 1987
Por Romualdo Bueso P.
Ministro de Gobernacion
Diseno y Supervision
Arq. Fred Bueso E.
Admon. Ing. Jose S. Azcona H.

English translation:
The Grotto
by Gen. J. Ines Perez
Reconstructed in 1987
by Romualdo Bueso P.
Ministry of Government
Design and Supervision
Arch. Fred Bueso E.
Admin. Eng. Jose S. Azcona H.


(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pioneer Physician J.D. Windham

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Texas, Callahan County, near Lawn
Born in Alabama, moved to Texas 1839. Married Frances Monteith and had nine children. Was first doctor in Brown County, 1865; and in Callahan County, 1874; owned general store; planted county’s first orchard here in Tecumseh.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Company I   7th Texas Infantry

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Texas, Taylor County, Abilene
Mustered into service during World War I, July 16, 1917, at Abilene with officers, Capt. R.M. Wagstaff; 1st Lt. A.J. McDavid; 2nd Lt. E.B. Sayles; and 1st Sgt. Elmer C. Stearns. Company had 139 enlisted men from the area who trained here at the West Texas Fair Grounds (now Rose Park) until September 1. Then transferred to Camp Bowie at Fort Worth. It became part of HQ. Co., 142nd Inf., 36th Division.
     The unit saw action in France October 8-28, 1918, with the 4th French Army, and was mustered out of service in June, 1919.

(War, World I) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Town of Perrysburg

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Perrysburg
First named Perry from 1814 to 1818 in honor of Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, the Lake Erie Hero in War of 1812.“Don’t Give Up The Ship”Township called Perrysburg after 1818.

(Political Subdivisions) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Clintonville Veterans Memorial

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Wisconsin, Waupaca County, Clintonville

On these bronze plates are the honored names of those courageous men and women from the Clintonville area, who died while serving in the Armed Forces of the United States. They gave all their tomorrows so that we can have our today. We shall always remember.

World War I
William F. Bertram • Arthur R. Gensler • Matt T. Goodwin • Walter H. Kluth • Frank E. Ladusine • Andrew J. Layman • Edward J. Malliet • Maurice C. O'Brien • Ernest A. Smith • Oscar J. Tilleson

World War II
Leander J. Aurie • Lee G. Bobb • Donald A. Dorrow • Glenn F. Due • James E. Dunn • Lester H. Fischer • Wallace W. Herzfeldt • Benjamin F. Janke • Maurice I. Klitz • Reuben F. Koehler • Louis W.D. Kruse • George C. Mavis • Niles O. McNutt • Thomas K. Meyer • Cyril P. Nenning • Leo J. Olen • Ernest P. Pelky • Keith K. Ramsdell • Allen W. Rand • Herman J. Roehl • Oliver R. Schultz • Raymond R. Strehlow • Junnal E. Tank • Peter B. Tomlyanovich • John W. Turner • Fred A. Ullery • Marvin L. Van Vleet • Gerald V. Vollbrecht • Hugh B. Waite • Arnold F. Westphal • Wilbert O. Winter • John W. Zastrow • Robert M. Zehren • Lawrence C. Zempel

Korea
Durrell M. Balthazor • Raymond W. Biggs • Robert J. Patrikus • Arlyn R. Schoenike • James J. Thebo

Vietnam
Daniel M. Egdorf • Jerry L. Hauschultz • David R. Laux • Scott S. McCloskey • Jerome E. Olmsted • Raymond R. Schlender • Dennis L. Siegel • Valentine B. Vollmer

Iraq
Warren S. Hansen

(Military) Includes location, directions, 12 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cabot Tower

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Newfoundland and Labrador, Division No. 1 (Avalon Peninsula), St. John's
Captions, clockwise from the top left. (English / French):

The Cabot Tower’s cornerstone was laid on 23 June 1897 to mark the 400th anniversary of John Cabot’s North American Landfall and the 60th year of Queen Victoria’s reign. The building was completed in 1900, financed in part by private donations. / Le 23 juin 1897, on a posé la pierre angulaire de la Tour Cabot. L’édifice, financé en partie par des dons de particuliers, commémore le 400ᵉ anniversaire du débarquement de John Cabot en Amérique du Nord et la 60ᵉ année du règne de la reine Victoria. Il fut achevé en 1900.

Architect W.H. Greene’s plans for Cabot Tower included an observatory which, for reasons unknown, was not built. / Les plans de la Tour Cabot, tels que dessinés par l’architecte W.H. Greene, comprenaient un observatoire qui ne fut pas construit pour des raisons inconnues.

Robert W. Gardner, signalman from 1923 until his death in 1946. The Tower remained an active signal station until 1958. / Robert W. Gardner, préposé aux signaux de 1923 jusqu’à sa mort en 1946. La tour sert de station de signalisation jusqu’en 1958.

A signal blockhouse occupied this spot from 1859 until it was destroyed by fire in 1894. It was replace by a “temporary” building which remained in service until the construction of Cabot Tower. / Un fort de signalisation se trouvait ici de 1859 jusqu’en 1894 quand il fut détruit par un incendie. L’édifice temporaire que le remplaça en service jusqu’au début des travaux de construction de la Tour Cabot.

(Communications) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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