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Christopher Carson

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Colorado, Las Animas County, Trinidad
Christopher Carson
Madison County Kentucky Dec. 24, 1809
Fort Lyons Colorado May 23, 1868


(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Kit Carson Railroad Depot

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Colorado, Cheyenne County, Kit Carson
In many American small towns, the railroad depot was the portal to the rest of the world. More than any other public building, the depot touched the lives of all people in the town. Everything important to the existence of the town came and went through the railroad depot. Trains brought families to their new home, they took goods to market, and they delivered goods and supplies necessary for existence. For the town of Kit Carson, named for the early frontiersman and scout who passed away in 1868, the same held true.

One Step at a Time
The history of rail service in Kit Carson had its official beginning on March 28, 1870, when the Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Kit Carson. The town, already in existence, became the terminus of the Kansas Pacific Railroad for about six months and remained an important supply and shipping center until after the railroad was completed to Denver in 1872. Shortly after completion, the Union Pacific Railway Company purchased this rail line from Kansas Pacific.

William Weston wrote in 1872 (Lincoln County Democrat, 09.12.119): “A peculiarity of Kit Carson is, that while it is situated in what was but recently a remote part of the Great Plains... its railway facilities enable it to afford most of the comforts of a large metropolitan area. It is noted principally as being the nearest railroad point to New Mexico, Arizona, and Southern Colorado, and the place to which all commercial supplies are shipped by rail for this vast and rapidly developing southwestern country.”

The Depot
Built in 1904, this depot has survived intact and is not significantly changed. It is one of a handful of surviving railroad depots of the period in Colorado and may well be in the best condition of those remaining. In addition to housing the station agent and his family, this rectangular depot accommodated the daily activities of train passengers, freight, and the telegraph, and is a distinguishing feature of this depot.
Defining architectural features include the decorative brackets supporting the broad roof overhang, the decorative trusswork at the gable ends, as well as the drop siding, water table, and vertical board wainscot. These characteristics became nearly a style unto themselves, and the plans were known as Standard Plans. The Kit Carson Depot is Union Pacific Standard Plan for Depot 24'x64', May 1, 1900.

In Homesteaders and Other Early Settlers 1900 – 1930, the Cunningham family writes (pg. 41): “The Union Pacific depot stood at the end of Main Street. Down the railroad tracks west were the water tower and coal chute. Nest to the depot the Union Pacific company maintained a small shady park with a white board fence around it. On Saturday afternoons my best friend and I would go to the park to watch the four o'clock train come in. Mr. Scott, the station agent, would shove sturdy metal wagons back and forth, mostly with cream cans on them. Mr. Baghott, the postmaster, would pull his two-wheeled cart with a few bags of mail back to Mail Street, the water spout would be swung back out of the way, the coal chute would rumble into silence, the conductor would swing the step back up into the vestibule and yell “all ab-o-ard,” and the brief flurry of activity would be finished. My friend and I would kick the lever on the park well and get a dousing and a cool drink, then meander back to Main Street.”

Credit:
The Kit Carson Depot was listed on the Colorado Register of Historic Properties in August 2002. Restoration has been made possible through grants by the Colorado Historical fund and the Cooper-Clark Foundation, and the generous gifts of many private citizens.


(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Santa Fe Trail

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Colorado, Las Animas County, near Model
Trail of Commerce
The heavily laden freight wagons traveled in parallel columns to minimize dust and for convenience when circling the wagons at night or when danger threatened. A circle of wagons provided a fine defensive position. But the circle (actually more of a square) was mostly for convenience and sociability, and to provide a corral for the animals.

Santa Fe National Historic Trail
From 1821 to 1846, the Santa Fe Trail was an international road for American and Mexican traders. In 1848, the Mexican-American War ended, and the New Mexico Territory was added to the United States. The trail became a national road for commercial and military freighting, stagecoach travel,emigration, and mail service. It was replaced over time by the westward-expanding railroad, which reached Santa Fe in 1880. Because of its significant role in American history, Congress designated the route a national historic trail in 1987.

Lure of the Trail
Although the Santa Fe Trail was a commercial trade route some women and children did accompany the wagon trains. An example is Marion Sloan Russell, who, with her mother and brother, made five trips across the plains before she reached the age of fifteen.

In 1852, Eliza St. Clair Sloan Mahoney set out from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas with seven-year-old Marion and nine-year-old Will, to make her way to the gold fields of California.

In exchange for passage as far as Santa Fe, Eliza, agreed to be the cook for the Army officers and a West Point-trained doctor in a wagon train captained by experienced wagonmaster Francis Xavier Aubry. She and her children stayed in Santa Fe four years.

Eliza made numerous trips back and forth over the Santa Fe Trail between Missouri and Santa Fe, eventually going all the way to California. Marion joined her mother and brother on five of these trips.

In February 1865, Marion wed Lieutenant Richard D. Russell at Fort Union, New Mexico - on the Santa Fe Trail. In 1936, she died in Trinidad at the age of 92.

(Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fillmore State Bank

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California, Ventura County, Fillmore
This building was constructed in 1917 to house the Fillmore State Bank, which had been founded in 1905 by Judge Felix Ewing and John Carne. In 1927 it became the Bank of Italy; the name was changed in 1930 to Bank of America. In 1965 the building became a branch of Bank of A. Levy. Albert C. Martin was the architect.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Honnell - Means Honor Garden

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Kansas, Brown County, Everest


Thomas Corwin Honnell
1840 - 1919
1840 - Born in Shelby County, Ohio
1857 - Teacher in Ohio Schools
1861 - Captain in the Union Army
Injured at Chic[k]amauga
Shook President Lincoln's Hand
1870 - Bought a 160 Acre Farm Two Miles Southeast of Everest
1883 - One of the Everest City Founders
1901 - Founder and President of Union State Bank
1905 - Served Two Terms in the Kansas State Legislature

T. C. Honnell's life was a life of service. Service to his family, his community and his country and [sic] was illuminated by innumerable acts of kindness to those whose lives he touched. He enjoyed great success throughout his life, but his greatest heritage was his vast circle of friends.

Hiram Malcolm Means
1859 - 1944


1859 - Born in Southern Illinois
1880 - Teacher in Illinois Schools
1886 - Moved to Kansas and Earned a Teaching Degree at Emporia State
1896 - Moved to Everest and Became Principal of Everest High School
1898 - Married Maud Honnell (Daughter of Thomas Honnell and First Graduate of Everest High School)
1903 - Joined Union State Bank
1907 - Founder of Everest Christian Church
1919 - President of Union State Bank, Board President - Everest Library, Director of the Everest City Band

H. M. Means' contributions were significant in shaping the town of Everest as it grew following the pioneer era. He was widely remembered as a man of integrity who upheld high personal standards in all dealings with his fellow men. He was a counselor and friend to all who knew him.

(Charity & Public Work • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Everest 125th Anniversary

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Kansas, Brown County, Everest


125 years ago Everest was established when Edwin Sandison acquired a tract of land along the new Missouri Pacific Railroad right-of-way. The town was named after Col. Aaron S. Everest who projected the railroad extension connecting Atchison and Omaha. Due to the railroad, businesses and trades moved into the new settlement and a community was born.

Placed this 7th day of July, 2007 by the Everest Chamber of Commerce

Donated by the Stresscrete Group

(Railroads & Streetcars • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Skullyville

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Oklahoma, Le Flore County, Spiro

(front)
The founding of Skullyville dates back to 1832 when the removal of the Choctaws was in full progress. The old cemetery has all the interest usually attached to these places. Early on our people used rocks and stones to mark their loved ones grave sites. Though most of the rocks & stones that were not engraved in some way have been removed, it is known that hundreds of Indian people lie here in unmarked graves. The stones that are left with engraving date back to the early eighteen thirties. It is a peaceful spot where numerous trees cast their shade over the final resting place of many of our ancestors.

May 2, 1998 Miko (Chief) Gregory E. Pyle unveiled this monument to symbolize that the Skullyville Cemetery is the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma's National Cemetery.

(rear)
Original 3 Districts
• National Capital
• District Capital
• County Court

Choctaw Nation

Monument was placed as a tribal historical marker by the efforts of the following administrative personnel. Gregory E. Pyle, Chief Mike Bailey, Assistant Chief Tribal Council Members: Charley Jones, Billy Paul Baker, Leslie James, Lois Burton, Charlotte Jackson, Randle Durant, Glenn Johnson, Perry Thompson, Ted Dosh, E.J. Johnson, Bob Pate, and James Frazier. Nancy Belvin, Special Projects Coordinator. Choctaw Nation consists or 12 districts of which all Choctaw Nation of Ok. members are affiliated with. Tribal Council members and Chief are elected by tribal members.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Everest Honor Garden

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Kansas, Brown County, Everest


[Selected representative tiles]

Thomas Corwin Honnell

Ohio Vol Infantry
Captain Civil War 1861-1865

Elmer Martin Larson
US Navy - WWI
Seaman - USS Delaware
DIA 10 8 [19]18
Hampton Roads, Va

Levin Joseph Gearhart
US Army Air Corps
Sergeant - WWII
KIA 4-4-[19]44 Age 22
Ploesti, Romania

Thomas Glenn Jelly
US Navy - WWII
Seaman First Class
KIA 5-11-[19]45 Age 19
USS Bunker Hill

Daniel Mathena
US Army - Korean War
Private First Class
KIA 4-15-[19]52 Age 21
North Korea

Thomas Sloan Hutchison
US Marine Corps
Captain Vietnam 1966-1969

In honor of
US Navy SEAL Team Six
Pakistan 2 May, 2012

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cocoanut Grove Public Utilities Company

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Florida, Miami-Dade County, Coconut Grove
The Cocoanut Grove Public Utilities Company was established in 1916 by William Matheson and his son Hugh to provide local residents with telephone and water services. A ground level storage tank, filled from wells on the site by two diesel engines, furnished water to the Grove until 1925 when a new plant was built at 3575 S. LeJeune Road. The telephone franchise, which began with only six customers, was serving nearly 300 subscribers in 1925 when it was purchased by Southern Bell. The building adjacent to the storage tank housed the telephone exchange and was occupied by the company superintendent from 1921 until 1935.

(Communications • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Trail of Tears

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Oklahoma, Cherokee County, Park Hill

(front)
The United States Government, unable to conclude an agreement with the duly authorized leaders of the Cherokee Nation, signed a treaty with a minority faction willing to cede the last remaining portion of the original Cherokee homeland on December 29, 1835. Despite the protests of the overwhelming majority of Cherokee people, the fraudulent "Treaty of New Echota" was ratified by the U.S. Senate by only a single vote on May 23, 1836. The Cherokees were given two years from that date to remove to the Indian Territory. When the time had expired only 2,000 of the nearly 17,000 in the east had departed their ancestral homeland.

In May, 1838 General Winfield Scott and 7,000 federal and state troops arrived in the Cherokee Nation to enforce the removal. Cherokee families were forced from comfortable homes into 31 stockades and open military stations scattered throughout the Cherokee Nation in southeast Tennessee, western North Carolina, northwest Georgia, and northeast Alabama. From the stockades the Cherokee were sent to the principal emigrating depots near Ross's Landing at Chattanooga, Tennessee, Fort Cass, near Calhoun, Tennessee, and a camp eight miles south of Fort Payne, Alabama. (Continued on other side) (rear)
(Continued from other side) In June 1838 the first three detachments of Cherokee captured by the Georgia Guard were forced to depart from Ross's Landing, Tennessee. Because of the high casualties of these first groups, permission was given to delay the removal of the other groups until fall when it would be cooler. Also, the Cherokee leaders petitioned General Scott that they be allowed to conduct their own removal. Permission was granted.

The remainder of the Cherokees began their trek west in the fall of 1838 in 13 detachments. After enduring and extremely severe winter, they arrived in the West in the late winter and early spring of 1839. It has been estimated that between 2,000 and 4,000 of the 16,000 Cherokees died as a direct result of the forced removal.

The true story of the forced removal for the Cherokee people is one of survival. In spite of their hardships, they adapted and rebuilt their homes and government. Only 12 years after removal, the Cherokee Female Seminary opened on these grounds as the first institution of higher learning for females west of the Mississippi River.

(Education • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

General Douglas Hancock Cooper

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Oklahoma, Bryan County, Durant

"Kind and sympathetic by nature, generous to a fault, he was an honest man of noble impulses, and born and bred a gentleman." These were the words of a contemporary of General Douglas Hancock Cooper, C.S.A.

Cooper was appointed U.S. Agent to the Choctaws, 1853, and to the Chickasaws, 1856. Under his supervision the agencies were consolidated and office was located at Fort Washita.

With the outbreak of War Between the States, Cooper was designated by his friend, Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederacy, to be Choctaw-Chickasaw Agent, C.S.A.

In June, 1861, he was appointed Commander of Choctaw-Chickasaw Mounted Riflemen, C.S.A., and saw action in many hard battles. Recognition of his military ability led to his being promoted Commander of Indian Territory Military District, C.S.A.

In 1865, he was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for District of Indian Territory, Trans-Mississippi, C.S.A.

General Cooper was born in Mississippi, November 1, 1815, and died at Fort Washita, Chickasaw Nation, April 29, 1879.

He lies buried on these grounds in an unmarked and unknown grave.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Forts, Castles • Native Americans • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chickasaw Trail of Tears

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Oklahoma, Bryan County, near Durant

During the late 1830s and early 1840s, Chickasaw Indians removed by the United States Government from Alabama and Mississippi passed near here on their way to a new home in present-day south-central Oklahoma. In 1837 alone, and estimated 6,000 Chickasaws traveled by various routes to lands purchased from the Choctaw Indians. This journey became known as the "Chickasaw Trail of Tears."

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Chahta Tamaha

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Oklahoma, Bryan County, Bokchito

Armstrong Academy, established by Choctaw Nation and named for Wm. Armstrong, Indian Agt., was opened in 1845. Rev. R.D. Potts, Supt., under Baptist Miss. Soc. Post Office established Nov., 1850. Confederate Capitol during Civil War. Choctaw Capitol, 1863-1883. Noted Chiefs there included Peter P. Pitchlynn, Allen Wright and Jackson McCurtain.

(Education • Native Americans • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Land-Seas

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Minnesota, Nicollet County, near St. Peter
Imagine standing in this spot 150 years ago.

It would have looked very different than it does today. To the west (your left) was a rolling prairie — vast, nearly treeless grasslands. In the summer the prairie would be ablaze with colorful flowers. Across the river was a dense forest. The "Big Woods" to the north provided native people with a variety of plant foods — cranberries, chokecherries, and sugar made from the sap of maple trees. And the woods were filled with a wealth of game — deer, black bear, rabbits, and other small animals.

"The idea of space"

Easterners and Europeans were puzzled by the wide expanses of the prairie. Some early settlers believed that crops would not grow on land where trees did not grow. They homesteaded in the forest and cleared trees to make fields. Frank B. Mayer, a visiting Baltimore artist, was one of many who compared the prairie to an ocean: "The idea of space, an important element of the sublime, is the poetic attribute of the prairie," he wrote. "That peculiar charm which the ocean exerts over the mind is likewise felt on these land-seas."

Minnesota Historical Society
Traverse des Sioux


(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Warren Township District No. 4 School

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Michigan, Macomb County, Warren
This building was commonly names Bunert School, for August and Mine Bunert, who sold land to Warren School District No. 4 in January 1875. The school was built later that year on the northeast cornet of the intersection of Bunert and Martin roads. When classes ceased in 1944, it was the longest - serving one-room school in Warren. In 1987 the board - and - batten building was donated to the Warren Historical Society, which moved it to this site and restored it as a museum.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Seymour Lake Methodist Episcopal Church

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Michigan, Oakland County, near Oxford
The local Methodist society, organized in 1837 at the house of Joseph Shurter, met in residences and schoolhouses for nearly four decades. In 1871, Irene Gibbs donated this land for its use. The church's cornerstone was laid on May 29, 1874. Lumber for the $4,000 structure was hauled from Kings Mill near Lapeer. The builders were George Brock, Charles Tolfree and J. K. Wolfe. The building has been used as a house of worship and a community gathering place since its dedication on October 22, 1874.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of the Sharecroppers Strike of 1939

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Missouri, Mississippi County, near Charleston
Rev. Owen Whitfield with the support of local landowner, Mr. Thad Snow, and 1500 black and white sharecroppers camped here in harsh January weather several days in 1939 to protest the plight of Boot Heel sharecroppers. The event received national attention. Owen and Zella Whitfield met with Pres. Roosevelt and ultimately received his support for the cause. This community has dedicated January 10 as Thad Snow - Owen Whitfield Day.

(African Americans • Agriculture • Civil Rights • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Belle Point

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Arkansas, Sebastian County, Fort Smith
In 1817, the first Fort Smith was built at Belle Point at the junction of the Poteau and Arkansas Rivers by Major William Bradford, for the mutual protection of the pioneers and Indians. He was in command until 1822. It was named in honor of Brigadier General Thomas A. Smith. Erected as a public service by the Noon Civics Club, 1939.

(Forts, Castles • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Putnam County High School Band WWII Memorial

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Florida, Putnam County, Palatka
1941 1945
In memoriam
Members of the Putnam County
High School Band
who made the supreme sacrifice
in World War II
James Bryant Solana, Jr.
Elton Stanley Brubaker

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Veteran's Memorial Plaza

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Florida, Putnam County, Palatka

This memorial is raised not for the cause of war, nor for the prizes of victory: rather, it is dedicated in honor of the men who fought and died for freedom.

While war is abhorrent to all civilized men, conflict is often necessary for the achievement of peace. To this proposition, our sons have often given their lives.

For their sacrifice, it is only proper that that those who still live should always remember those who so nobly went forth for the cause of peace , that they may not have died in vain.

(War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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