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No. 2 Mechanics’ Volunteer Company Engine House

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New Brunswick, Saint John County, Saint John
English
The cry “Fire!” so terrified Canadians in the early 19th century that communities began to construct permanent fire stations. Erected in 1840, this elegant Neoclassical building is a pioneer example of a firehall designed to house a volunteer brigade using manually drawn and operated pumper fire engines. These organizations served as the best line of defense against devastating conflagrations and played an important role in Victorian urban life. The work of local architect John Cunningham, his building recalls the earliest phase in the development of municipal fire fighting in Canada.

French
«Au feu!» Ce cri terrifiait tellement les Canadiens au début du XIXᵉ siècle que les villes commencèrent à construire des postes d’incendie permanents. Cet élégant édifice de style néo-classique, érigé en 1840, est l’une des premières casernes destinées à abriter des brigades de pompiers volontaires armés d’extincteurs à pompe manuellement déplacés et actionnés. Ces brigades constituaient la meilleure défense des communautés urbaines contre le feu et jouèrent un rôle majeur à l’époque victorienne. Oeuvre de l’architecte local John Cunningham, ce bâtiment rappelle les débuts des services d’incendie municipaux au Canada.

Plaque above the marker
No. 2 Mechanics’ Volunteer Engine House
Caserne de Pompiers Bénévoles No 2
1840

English
This structure, exhibiting Neo-classical features, is the earliest known example of a Canadian firehall built to house hand-operated pumper fire engines. Volunteer fire associations played an important role in Victorian urban life.

French
Cette structure, qui a des caractéristiques néo-classique, est la plus ancien exemple connu d’une caserne d’incendie canadienne construite pour abriter des autopompes manuelles. Les associations de pompiers volontaires ont joué un rôle important dans la vie urbaine à l’époque victorienne.

New Brunswick Historical Society

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Morrison

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Virginia, Newport News
A station named for Col. J. S. Morrison, Construction Engineer of the Peninsula Division, Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, was built in the Warwick County Hamlet of Gum Grove on completion of the line between Richmond and Newport News on Oct. 16, 1881. Morrison Post Office was established Feb. 2, 1883 and a public school was recorded in a deed dated Aug. 16, 1906. This was to become Warwick High in 1948. In World War I Camp Morrison was activated nearby.

(Education • Railroads & Streetcars • War, World I) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Korean War Memorial

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Kansas, Douglas County, Lawrence


This memorial commemorates the conflict that began on June 25, 1950 when North Korean military forces crossed the 38th Parallel and launched a massive invasion of South Korea. Responding to pleas for help by the Government of the Republic of Korea, the United States sought a United Nations Security Council Resolution condemning North Korea's actions and calling upon every member nation to give "every assistance" to South Korea. Subsequently, President Harry S. Truman committed U.S. military forces to the defense of the Republic of Korea.

Over the next three years, military forces from the Republic of Korea, the United States, and from fifteen other countries pursued the mandate of the United Nations to defend South Korea's independence and to restore stability to the Korean Peninsula. The human costs of that struggle were great. Total estimated casualties - killed, wounded, missing in action - suffered by the Republic of Korea were 238,656; by the United States 142,091; and by other United Nations forces 17,260. Approximately one million South Korean civilian casualties and another one million North Korean civilian casualties occurred as a result of the conflict in Korea. Military operations were brought to an end by the signing of the Korean Armistice agreement at Panmunjom on July 27, 1953.

Although Korea suffered grievously, and the conflict that burned back and forth across the Korean landscape for more than than three years has oft been termed "The Forgotten War," the Korean Conflict represents a difficult, yet ultimately successful, struggle to achieve security and prosperity for the People of South Korea and to further the cause of freedom for all mankind.
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Remembering the KU Family who gave their lives for the Cause of Freedom during the Korean War...
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[Roll of Honored Dead]
William B. Askren • John Ast • Bayard M. Atwood • Carl F. Barlow • George B. Boughton • Richard Ellsworth Brewster • John L. Bunting • Ted Coltharp • William M. Combest • Raymond F. Conklin • Robert W. Corbin • Jack A. Davenport • Marion Thomas Dragastin • Jerry P. Flynn • John K. Frei • Alfred Nelson Gordon • Todd Harden • Robert H. Hucke • Kenneth W. Hughes • Ralph E. Jacobs • Edgar L. K. Johnson • John Harvey Land • Lawrence Larzalere • James Edward Miller • Joseph M. Murphy • Frank S. Norris • Charles R. O'Keefe • Tillman O. Peters • Henry Raab Jr. • Bert A. Robson • William E. Roy • Willard F. Schuldt • Jerry Ray Shileler • Leonard Donald Smutz • John Sorem • Bill D. Stanton • Wallace D. Stewart • Leonard M. Tally • Edward A. Todd • Joseph Thomas Vessels • Harold T. Walker • Harold G. Wilkie • Melvin Clinton Wood • Robert C. Woolverton

(Man-Made Features • Patriots & Patriotism • Politics • War, Korean) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

World War II Memorial Campanile

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Kansas, Douglas County, Lawrence


Free government does not bestow repose upon its citizens but sets them in the vanguard of battle to defend the liberty of every man.

[Roll of 277 KU Honored Dead]

[Cast bronze door panels, dedicated 1955, read]
Achievement • Courage • Aspiration • Sorrow • Meditation • Silence • Pioneer/Homemaker • Scout/Plainsman • Native/Explorer • Worship • Investigation/Education • Freedom/Equality

Bells and Their Donors [panels]

Restoration of
the World War II Memorial Carillon
through the generosity of
Keith D. Bunnel
President of the K.U. Class of 1946
and Joan Stewart Bunnel
Rededicated April 26, 1996

(Man-Made Features • Patriots & Patriotism • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 25 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of the Pig' N Whistle

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California, Los Angeles County, Hollywood
Sidney Hoedemaker opened Hollywood's first family restaurant (that welcomed children) in 1927 and featured rich, hand-carved wood decor. Popular tunes were played on a pipe organ. The Hollywood Glee Club performed Friday evenings. Loreatta Young dined here Sundays. Barbara Stanwyck dropped by several times a week. Other regulars included: Spencer Tracy, Howard Hughes, Buddy Rogers and Shirley Temple. The dancing, flute-playing pig can still be seen above the marquee.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Commemorating Massacre

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New York, Schenectady
Commemorating Massacre of Feb. 8-9,1690. One Hundred and Fourteen French and Ninety-Six Indians Entered During Night at North Gate, Located at this Point. Assault was Commenced Here. Seventy Houses were Burned, Sixty Persons Killed and Twenty-Seven made Prisoners. Outside this Gate, Two were Killed and Two were made Prisoners. Just Inside, two were made Prisoners. Here Adam Vrooman Resisted Attack and his Wife and Child were Killed.

Beukendael Skirmish, July 18, 1748
This Occurred in Glenville About Three Miles Northerly from City. Sixty Citizens were Drawn into Ambush by Indians, Thirty Nine were Killed. Dead were Brought Through this Gate, to Barn on Lot North of Present Dutch Church.

Tablet Erected by Common Council
on Centennial Anniversary of
Incorporation of City,
March 26, 1898

(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ehemaliges Amtshaus

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Germany, Bavaria, Kreis Kitzingen, Gerolzhofen

1580 wurde unter Fürstbischof Julius Echter dieser repräsentative Steinbau errichtet als Sitz der bischöflichen Verwaltung des Amtes Gerolzhofen. Neben den Bürostuben gab es im 2. Stockwerk auch Privatgemächer und eine kleine Kapelle, die der Bischof bei seinen Besuchen in der Stadt bewohnte. Im 20. Jahrhundert dann Nutzung als Landratsamt, heute Sitz der Verwaltungsgemeinschaft.

Geschichte für alle
historischer Verein in Gerolzhofen, e.V.
Dr. Ottmar Wolf - Kulturstiftung

Translated to English:

In 1580 this prestigious stone structure was built as the seat of the episcopal administrative office Office of Gerolzhofen under Prince-Bishop Julius Echter. In addition to the offices on the 2nd floor there were also private rooms and a small chapel, which inhabited by the Bishop during his visits to the city. In the 20th century it was used as District Office, and is now the seat of the township administrative office.

History for All - the Gerolzhofen Historical Society
Dr. Ottmar Wolf Cultural Foundation


(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Canadian Sailor's Monument

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Nova Scotia, Halifax Regional Municipality, Halifax
The sailor statue represents those valiant young Canadians who served in both war and peace is symbolic of the thousands of sailors who were instrumental in the victory at sea and a fitting acknowledgement to those who continue to maintain the peace.

(War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Norway

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Nova Scotia, Halifax Regional Municipality, Halifax
In memory of members of
the Norwegian Merchant Navy,
Royal Norwegian Navy
and Royal Norwegian Army
who were lost at sea or were buried
in Nova Scotia during the Second World War

We will remember them

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

There Was Once a Very Special Ship

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Nova Scotia, Halifax Regional Municipality, Halifax
The ex-Admiralty ocean salvage tug FOUNDATION FRANKLIN sailed from the Foundation Maritime piers from the early 1930’s to 1948 on rescue and salvage missions in all kinds of weather, in peace and war to assist ships in distress on the great Western Ocean.

This plaque is placed here by the Atlantic Chief and Petty Officiers Association to honor the memory of the vessel, her colourful Masters and crew an with respect to our brethren of Canada’s Merchant Navy.

“Ah, me son” as on old Newfoundland seaman phrased it, “we don’t takin’ nothin’ from the sea. We has to sneak up on what we wants and wiggle it away.” -Grey Seas Under, Farley Mowat

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hospitals, Right Wing, Union Army.

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Georgia, Walker County, Chickamauga
Hospitals, Right Wing, Union Army.
Surgeon Glover Perin, U.S.A., Medical Director, Army of the Cumberland.
Assistant Surgeon Dallas Bache, U.S.A., Assistant Medical Director, Army of the Cumberland.
Surgeon F.H. Gross, U.S. Volunteers, Medical Director, 14th Army Corps.
Surgeon Jabez Perkins, 10th Kentucky Volunteers, Medical Director, 20th Army Corps.
Surgeon A. J. Phelps, U.S. Volunteers, Medical Director, 21st Army Corps.

The main hospital depot for the wounded of the Union Army was located in this vicinity during the battle of September 19th and 20th. The hospitals of the 1st and 3rd Divisions, 20th Corps, and the 2nd and 4th Divisions, 14th Corps, were established near this point, utilizing a large brick building and several outbuildings supplemented by tents. The hospitals of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Divisions of the 21st Corps were established near here on the Dry Valley Road on the 19th. By 8 o'clock on the evening of the 19th every place of shelter was filled. On the afternoon of the 20th when the right of the Union Army was driven back a great number of wounded were evacuated from these hospitals by ambulance and supply train wagons to Chattanooga via the Dry Valley Road. Fourteen medical officers of the 21st Corps, eleven medical officers of the 20th Corps, and a number of medical officers of the 14th Corps with rations and medical supplies remained here to care for the non-transportable wounded and the wounded left on the field. These surgeons and wounded fell into the hands of the enemy.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 11 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Prescribed Fire

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North Carolina, Surry County, near Pinnacle
Fire! The very word conjures up images of huge flames rushing through forests destroying everything in their path, animals running to escape the heat and flames. Yet in nature, there’s much more to the story of fire. Fire has played an important role in our natural history.

Prior to European settlement, occasional fires were an integral part of many ecosystems and native plants and animals have adapted to their occurrence. European settlers feared fires however, and total fire suppression became the goal. Fire suppression efforts continued through the years, and advancements in technology made fire suppression more attainable. The success at rapidly extinguishing small fires in wildland areas, however, has helped pave the way for large, hard to control fires in many parts of the country.

One of the goals of Pilot Mountain State Park is to preserve the native plants and animals as well as the natural processes which perpetuate them. Fire is one of the natural processes most southeastern plants and animals depend on.

Another goal is visitor safety. Because the summit area of the park is also the busiest area of the park with visitation, and the summit area is also vulnerable to unintended ignitions from cigarettes, escaped camp fires, and lightning strikes, prescribed fires also provide an enhancement to visitor safety. As you probably noticed, there is only one way in and one way out of the summit parking lot by car, which could be a disaster for park visitors in the case of a wildfire. For this reason the summit area is closed to the public during prescribed burns.

Prescribed fires are set under a burn prescription with some of the goals being to consume wood fuels, reduce the midstory, and enhance plant and animal diversity by allowing a wide variety of wildflowers and grasses to grown in the understory by preparing the seedbed and opening up the overstory. Prescribed fires are ignited only under very specific conditions necessary to accomplish these goals. Limiting conditions include weather, fuel moisture, and soil moisture, availability of trained fire-fighting personnel, and air quality. A prescribed fire is never truly controlled anymore than you can control any other force of nature, but under a burn prescription risk is greatly minimized compared to the weather and fuel conditions that favor wildfire.

During high-intensity burns, the sealed cones of this pine open, allowing the seed inside to be released over fire-cleared ground. Table mountain can regrow its upper limbs after a crown fire and can survive being scorched by a fire. It is declining due to past fire suppression practices and is only found on the driest ridges in the park where it does not have to compete with as many species of trees.

Pitch pine cones release a large number of seed after being opened from the heat of a fire. Pitch pine also has the ability to send out new branches from the side of the trunk if they are burned off. This is also an adaptation to ice storms that may break the top out of a pitch pine. Young pitch pines have the ability to grow back from a stump if they are burned or grazed.

Bear oak is classified as Significantly Rare in North Carolina. It grows in a few areas in the summit area of the park where there are openings in the forest canopy. Because there have been so few fires in these openings, the upper and mi-level vegetation is beginning to shake out the bear oak. Park managers hope prescribed fires in these areas will result in a more open canopy and improved habitat for the bear oak.

(captions)
(left) Some Wildflowers that Benefit from Fire: Catawba Rhododendron; Pink Lady’s Slipper; Ash-Leaved Golden Banner
(center) Table Mountain Pine Pinus pungens; Pitch Pine Pinus rigida; Bear Oak Quercus ilicifolia
(right) Other facts about prescribed fire: Burned areas recover rapidly. This area as burned in November 2012. The photo below was taken in June 2013.; Forest openings created by prescribed fires attract numerous insects for wild turkeys and songbirds to forage on.

(Environment • Horticulture & Forestry) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Common High Flyers of Pilot Mountain

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North Carolina, Surry County, near Pinnacle
Look up, out, or down and you are likely to see some of these high flyers soaring around here at Pilot Mountain State Park.

Can you identify any of them?

Red-tailed Hawk
(Buteo jamaicensis) height 18-25 inches, wingspan 4 feet. A large stocky hawk with broad wings and a broad, rounded tail in silhouette. Adults have a rusty red tail. Red-tailed hawks are predators and feed mainly on small mammals.

Turkey Vulture
(Cathartes aura) height 26-32 inches, wingspan up to 6 feet. More common than black vultures, look for the long rectangular tail. Their V-shaped silhouette makes them easy to identify from a distance. Vultures have no feathers on their heads, an adaptation for feeding on carrion.

Black Vulture
(Coragyps atratus) height 22-26 inches, wing-span 4½-5 feet. Black Vultures are somewhat smaller than the turkey vulture with short square tails. Often seen mixed in with larger groups of turkey vultures.

Common Raven
(Corvus corax) height 21-26 inches, wingspan 4-4½ feet. The common raven has a distinctive wedge-shaped tail and is much larger than the crow. In flight ravens hold their wings straight and alternate between flapping and gliding. Ravens are scavengers that will also eat garbage.

American Crow
(Corvus brachrhynchos) height 16-21 inches, wingspan 2½-3½ feet. The crow has a fan shaped tailed and is seldom seen near the summit area. Another identification hint is its distinctive call of “caw-caw”. Crows are opportunistic feeders, eating almost anything including insects, small reptiles, fruits, seeds, nuts, and even trash.

(Animals) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

To The Glory of God and in Honor of George Washington

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Virginia, Falls Church
To the glory of
God
and in honor of
George Washington
who was a vestryman
in 1765 of
the old Falls Church
Built A.D. 1734
This tablet was placed by
the Falls Church Chapter,
Daughters of the
American Revolution
October 1911
Rededicated 2005

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Outdoor Museum

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Red House
A foundation is all that remains of a pavillion-style, outdoor museum, built by Company 249 of the Civilian Conservation Corps (C.C.C.). It was one of the first C.C.C. projects completed in Allegany State Park.

Articles in the Salamanca Republican-Press announced the opening of the outdoor museum/zoo on October 1, 1933, describing the structure and some of its fascinating creatures. Concrete tanks in the center of the structure housed fish and turtles. Cages and other exhibits sat on walls or were hung from overhead supports.

Near the outdoor museum were a "snake pit" and a bear den; both still visible near the ruins. Since the outdoor museum was only open during the summer, captive animals were released back into the wild at season's end.

A popular postcard shows the north end of the museum as approached from the nature trail. The building was cleverly concealed by huge sugar maples and served as an exhibition place for local animals, rocks, insects and fungi.

The foundations and walls, to a height of 3 1/2 feet, are of vari-colored sandstone. The roof is supported on chestnut poles used as columns and knee-braced of the same material. The trusses are of chestnut and black cherry, while the whole is roofed with thick-butted shake shingles.

The rectangular museum is 25 feet wide and 40 feet long. In the center is a series of pits with dry platforms and water in each, screened to accommodate animals requiring both types of environment.
Salamanca-Republican Press, September 30, 1933.

This photograph of the outdoor museum comes from a camp report for SP-19, the first of the C.C.C. Company 249's permanent camps.

Irving Knobloch, a National Park Service naturalist and later a professor of botany at the University of Michigan, was in charge of trail development projects undertaken by Company 249. A nature trail, now called Red Jacket Trail, was constructed near the outdoor museum.

"Cubby" and "Suzie" were the first to use the fenced bear den, which may have pre-dated the museum/zoo. The cubs were rescued after being separated from their mother by a forest fire in the Crick's Run area.

On opening day, the outdoor museum featured several animals, including a racoon, a skunk, a woodchuck, a porcupine, a chipmunk, five kinds of turtles, five kinds of snakes, toads, frogs and salamanders as well as special displays on nature.

Photographs of Outdoor Museum exhibits courtesy Buffalo Museum of Science.

(Animals • Charity & Public Work • Education • Environment) Includes location, directions, 10 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


Nittany Lion Shrine

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Pennsylvania, Centre County, University Park, State College
What's a Nittany? The word Nittany is derived from the Algonquian word Nit-A-Nee meaning "single mountain." The original inhabitants of the area used Nit-A-Nee to describe the mountain, and it likely became corrupted to Nittany by the first Europeans to settle the area in the 18th century. By the time of Penn State's founding in 1855, the word was already in use.

"Joe" Mason. Third baseman on the 1904 Penn State baseball team, Harrison Joe" Mason is credited with originating the idea of a mountain lion for the Penn State mascot in a prideful boast to a visiting powerhouse baseball team from Princeton:
"Well, up at Penn State, we have Mount Nittany right on our campus, where rules the Nittany Mountain Lion, who has never been beaten in a fair fight. So Princeton Tiger, look out."


(Education) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Weather Station

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Red House
DeForrest A. Mattison, a park forest supervisor and unpaid observer for the U.S. Weather Bureau, set up the park's first weather station in September 1924. First located in the Quaker area, the station was moved to this site in 1929. In subsequent years, the park rangers, and most recently the park police, kept daily records of maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall.

The wide, funnel-shaped top of the rain gauge collects precipitation. A smaller diameter inner tube concentrates precipitation to make it easier to measure. Two inches of rain translates as 0.2 in. of precipitation on the measuring scale.

Special thermometers record the maximum and minimum temperatures.

Equipment currently in use includes (from left to right) a rain gauge, max/min thermometers, and a barometer.

A July 8, 1998, microburst destroyed trees near Red Jacket trailhead. Note the lightning burn in the photograph at right.

Two severe windstorms, a tornado, and a microburst, occurred in the park during the 1990s. The August 28, 1990, tornado damaged the Cain Hollow Campground, destroyed 200 acres of forest on Mt. Onondaga, and flattened eight smaller stands of trees across the park's southern side. The July 1998 microburst uprooted or snapped many trees on Red House Lake dam, at the beach, and behind the Administration building.

A June 14, 1994, flash flood extensively damaged park roads, bridges, and recreation areas. Debris from numerous beaver ponds floated in Red House Lake.

A second flash flood in January 1996 damaged the boathouse so badly that it had to be moved to a new site.

Background image: A storm on January 19, 1996, began as heavy rain, totaling 1.61 inches. Temperatures in the 40s were recorded for the previous two days, with a high of 55°F. on January 19. Water from the rain and melting snow overflowed from the ice-covered lake and creeks.

Hottest summer temperature 99°F, 100°F, and 101°F. four days running in July 1936.
Hottest summer overall 1949.
Wettest summer 1972, hurricane Agnes, June 16-25.
Longest dry spell 23 days, July 1936.
Worst windstorm August 28, 1990, tornado.
Latest frost July 9, 1963.
Coldest winter temperature -36°F. January 13, 1977.
Coldest winter overall Dec. 1976-Feb. 1977 (avg. 17.8°F.)
Mildest winter overall Dec. 2001-Feb. 2002 (avg. 30.9°F.).
*Highest annual snowfall 162 inches, 1978.
*Most snow in 24 hours 18 inches, December 25, 1978.
Driest winter (least precipitation) Dec. 1979-Feb. 1980.
*Official snow depth records from Bradford, Pennsylvania, weather station.

(Disasters • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Allegany State Park's Fancher Cabin

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Red House
Albert T Fancher, former New York State senator and chairman of the Allegany State Park Commission, had this colonial-style lodge built in the summer of 1927. The interior includes a large, combination living and dining room with a massive stone fireplace.

Stone for the fireplace came from within Allegany State Park. Logs for the lodge came from nearby Pennsylvania. Experts cut and joined the logs to form a 45-foot by 30-foot cabin in keeping with the rustic ambience of the park.

Albert T. and Musette (Barker) Fancher on the porch of their lodge at Allegany State Park, ca. 1928.

Since Mrs. Fancher's death in 1944, the cabin has been used by successive Allegany State Parks Commission chairpeople and State Park commissioners.

Commissioner and Mrs. Fancher kept a stable of horses near their cabin. This 1928 photograph shows them entertaining a visiting couple from England.

Commissioner Fancher's will provided money for a swimming pool in the Quaker area and for landscaping around the Red House Administration Building. This photograph of the Fancher pool dates to ca. 1935.

(Charity & Public Work • Environment) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Canal Bridge No. E-225

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New York, Niagara County, Lockport
Originally Wakeman's Hwy. Bridge. Built 1909 by Empire Engineering Corp. Rehabilitated 2003 by N.Y.S.D.O.T.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Canal Bridge No. E-224

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New York, Niagara County, Lockport
Originally Millards Hwy. Bridge. Built 1910 by Empire Engineering Corp. Rehabilitated 1993 by N.Y.S.D.O.T.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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