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Raiders in Lenoir

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North Carolina, Caldwell County, Lenoir
(preface)
On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, the North Carolina Railroad, and the Piedmont Railroad. He struck at Boone on March 28, headed into Virginia on April 2, and returned to North Carolina a week later. Stoneman’s Raid ended at Asheville on April 26, the day that Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnson surrendered to Union Gen. William T. Sherman near Durham.

(main text)
The church that stood here in 1865 became a prison for three days when Union Gen. George Stoneman, with two brigades of raiders under Gen. Alvan C. Gillem, occupied Lenoir over Easter weekend, April 15-17, 1865. The prisoners were 900 old men, boys and Confederate soldiers captured as they recuperated at their homes from wounds or illness. They filled the grounds and sanctuary of Saint James Episcopal Church, which served as a hospital as well as a prison.
Some looting occurred in Lenoir, but most residents merely suffered a scare. Local resident Joseph C. Norwood wrote, “We are just through with a scene of alarm and very great danger,” but added that the cavalrymen “were equipped in the very best manner, and under the severest discipline and were not allowed to plunder to any great extent or commit any acts of violence.” Ella Harper, of Lenoir, wrote in her diary on April 15, “At sunset the Yanks rushed in on us. We obtained a guard about our house after they came in, and fared better than some others. Did not undress or sleep all night.” The next day, Easter Sunday, was “unlike the Holy Sabbath,” she wrote, with “excitement, confusion and hurry all day. Our poor prisoners seemed almost starved.”

On the morning of April 17, part of Stoneman’s force rode west toward Morganton while Stoneman, the prisoners, and a guard headed northward toward Blowing Rock. Lenoir resident Louisa Norward wrote her uncle, Walter Lenoir, that Union cavalrymen called Lenoir “the damnedest little rebel town they ever saw.”

(captions)
(lower left) St. James Episcopal Church, ca. 1900 Courtesy Caldwell Heritage Museum; Ella Harper (Mrs. George W. Harper) Courtesy Caldwell Heritage Museum
(upper right) Gen. George Stoneman Library of Congress; Gen. Alvan C. Gillem Library of Congress
(lower right) Route of Stoneman's Raid in Tennessee, Virginia, and North Carolina, March-April 1865.

(Churches, Etc. • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Saint John City Market

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New Brunswick, Saint John County, Saint John
English
Built between 1874 ad 1876, the Saint John City market narrowly escaped the fire that swept through the town in 1877 and stands today as a rare and distinguished example of a 19th century market building. Designed in the Second Empire style by New Brunswick architects McKean and Fairweather, the market building contains shops on the ground level, offices above, and, through the passageway, a long, open market hall. An impressive feature of the hall is the exposed timber framing, with its queen post trusses supported by cast-iron columns. The market has been in continuous use since its construction.

French
Construit entre 1874 et 1876, le marché a échappé de justesse à l’incendie qui a ravagé la ville en 1877. Rare et bel exemple de halles de XIXᵉ siècle, ce bâtiment de style Second Empire est l’oeuvre de architectes McKean et Fairweather, du Nouveau-Brunswick. Il abrite des boutiques au rez-de-chaussée et des bureaux aux étages supérieurs. Une galerie débouche sur la halle, longue et dégagée. On remarquera la charpente apparente en bois, composée de fermes à deux poinçons, soutenues par les piliers de fonte. Le marche a toujours été en usage depuis sa construction.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Davenport College

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North Carolina, Caldwell County, Lenoir

For women; chartered 1859 by Methodist Episcopal Church, South; merged with Greensboro College, 1933. Two bldgs. stand 100 ft. S.W.

(Churches, Etc. • Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

King Edward VII Memorial Bandstand

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New Brunswick, Saint John County, Saint John
English
The Memorial Bandstand was designed and built in 1908 for the City Coronet Band by Neil Brodie, a local architect. One year later, it was donated to the City of Saint John in the name of Edward VII of England.

The bandstand is made of various materials. The supporting columns are steel with wrought iron detail. The floor and ceiling are constructed of wood while copper formes the roof and intermediate cornice. A coronet, similar to those used by the City Coronet Band, has topped the bandstand since its construction. The bandstand’s unique two-tier design makes it one of only two such structures in the world, the other being in Santiago, Chile.

The bandstand has been used over the decades by several bands and continues today as a venue for concerts.

In 1988, the Saint John Central Business Development Corporation received a certificate of commendation from the American Association for State and Local History for restoring the bandstand and its central fountain.

French
Le Kiosque à Musique a été dessiné et erigé en 1908 par l’architecte local Neil Brodie pour le groupe City Coronet Band. Un an plus tard, il était offert à la ville de Saint -Jean au nom de Roi Edouard VII d’Angleterre.

Le kiosque est construit a partier de divers matériaux. Les colonnes de soutien sont en acier et sont décorées de fer forgé. Le plancher et le plafond sont en bois pendant que le toit et la corniche sont en cuivre. Il est surmonté d’un coronet comme ceux du City Coronet Band. Sa structure à duex étage est inusitée; en effet, il n’y a que deux kiosques à musique de ce type au monde; l’autre est en Santiago, Chile

Le kiosque a par le passé servi de scene à plusieurs groupes et continue d’être utilisé a cette fin aujourd’hui.

En 1988, la Saint John Central Business Development Corporation a reçu un certificat d’éloge de l’American Association for State and Local History pour la restauration du kiosque et de sa fontaine centrale.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Field Headquarters Army of the Cumberland

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Georgia, Walker County, Chickamauga
Field Headquarters Army of the Cumberland.
Major General William S. Rosecrans.

From morning September 16th to 11 a.m. September 19th, 1863.
14th Army Corps - Major General George H. Thomas.
20th Army Corps - Major General Alexander McDowell McCook.
21st Army Corps - Major General Thomas L. Crittenden.
Reserve Corps - Major General Gordon Granger.
Cavalry Corps - Brigader General Robert B. Mitchell.

General Rosecrans reached General Thomas' headquarters at Stevens' Gap from Chattanooga at night September 10th. Being convinced that General Bragg was concentrating north of LaFayette for battle he began the rapid concentration of his army via McLemore's Cove for the purpose of interposing between Bragg and Chattanooga. Army headquarters were established at this point on the morning of the 16th. The concentration was completed the evening of the 17th by the arrival of McCook's Corps on Thomas' right at Steven's Gap.

At daylight of the 19th Crittenden's Corps was in position at Lee and Gordon's Mill. Thomas' Corps moved to the left throughout the night of the 18th via Crawfish Springs reaching the LaFayette Road at Kelly's House at daylight of the 19th, except Negley's Division, which upon reaching Crawfish Springs was turned eastward towards Glass' Mill on the Chickamauga, where, on the morning of the 19th it encountered Helm's Brigade of Breckinridge's Division. McCook's Corps followed Thomas early on the 19th, Johnson's Division going into action on Thomas' line about noon, Davis becoming engaged near Viniard's House about 2 p.m., and Sheridan about 4 p.m. Army headquarters were moved from this point to Widow Glenn's towards noon of the 19th.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Cape Henry Lighthouse

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Virginia, Fort Story
Land given by the State of Virginia 1789
First Lighthouse built by the United States Government
Deeded by Congress in 1930 to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Public Works Project of the United States Government

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Virginia, Fort Story
Construction of the Cape Henry Lighthouse was authorized by the First United States Congress on August 7, 1789.

President George Washington personally reviewed bids in January, 1791 and chose John McCombs, a New York Bricklayer, as contractor.

Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, and the contractor signed the contract on March 31, 1791.

Construction on the $17,700 project started August 1, 1791.

The lighthouse began its 100 years of service in the fall of 1792.

Commemorated this 28th day of August, 1981 by the Public Works Historical Society and Virginia-D.C.-Maryland Chapter American Public Works Association

(Labor Unions • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Landing

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Virginia, Virginia Beach
Landed April 26, 1607
Captain Gabriel Archer Christopher Newport
Hon. George S. Percy Bartholomew Gobfold
Edward Maria Vincefeld
with twenty-five others
who
calling the place
"Cape Henry"
planted a cross
April 29, 1607
"Dei Gratia Virginia Condita"

This tablet is erected by the Association for Preservation of Virginia Antiquities
April 29, 1896

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gateway to the West

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New York, Erie County, Tonawanda
During the 1800s, many Americans and newly arrived immigrants were eager to move west, but this undertaking proved difficult because of the Appalachian Mountains. A natural barrier running from Alabama through Pennsylvania, New York and on into Canada, the mountain chain made western land routes tortuous.

New York State Governor DeWitt Clinton believed a canal could be dug across his state in order to create an inland water route from the Atlantic Ocean to Lake Erie, a virtual "Gateway to the West". Many scoffed at the idea, called it "Clinton's Folly," but Clinton persevered and finally on July 4, 1817, digging began on the 363 mile long, 40 foot wide, 4 foot deep canal. The Erie Canal, also commonly referred to as "Clinton's Ditch", was officially opened on October 26, 1825, after eight years and seven million dollars. The ceremony included Clinton "wedding the waters" from Lake Erie with the Atlantic Ocean.

Travel time between New York City and Buffalo was reduced from six weeks to ten days by the Erie Canal. Carrying a steady flow of settlers and commercial traffic, the Erie Canal enriched all communities along its way. New York City became the greatest seaport in the New World and New York became the "EMPIRE STATE".

(Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

To The Glory of God and in Grateful Remembrance

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New York, Erie County, Tonawanda
1941 - 1945
World War II
To the glory of God
and in grateful
remembrance
Korean War
1950 - 1953

(War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bela Bartok

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New York, New York County, New York
The great Hungarian composer Bela Bartok 1881 - 1945 made his home in this house during the last year of his life

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Mead's Falls

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Vermont, Rutland County, Center Rutland
James Mead, Rutland's first settler, arrived at these falls on the Otter Creek in 1769. The next year he and his family were given shelter by members of the Caughnawaga tribe while they finished their log cabin. Mead built saw and grist mills on the falls and ran a ferry on the Otter Creek. He was an ardent defender of the New Hampshire Grants and served as a colonel in the militia. Mead's Falls was an important military site: the 1759 Crown Point Military Road ran by here. General Arthur St. Clair wrote his report after the Battle of Hubbardton in 1777 at Mead's home on the West Proctor Road, and Fort Ranger was built in 1778 on the bluff northeast of the falls.

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers • War, French and Indian) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Captain Paul Cuffe

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, New Bedford
Paul Cuffe (1759-1817) was a sea captain, merchant, philanthropist, community leader, civil rights advocate and abolitionist. The son of an African father and Native American mother, Cuffe was born on the island of Cuttyhunk, off the coast of New Bedford. Proficient in mathematics and navigation, he worked his way up to ship owner and Captain. He founded one of the first integrated schools in America in Westport, petitioned the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for voting rights for people of color, and led efforts to resettle African-Americans in Africa. Together with his two sons-in-law, Paul Cuffe operated ’Cuffe & Howards,’ A West Indian import store nearby at the Four Corners ( corner of Union Street and Water Street) in New Bedford.

(caption – upper right)
Cuffe’s vessel Traveler is pictured between two Atlantic coastlines, New England’s and Africa’s. This image first appeared with a silhouette of Captain Cuffe in the Liverpool Mercury paper in 1811, and was reprinted in an 1850 Quaker or anti-slavery monthly entitled ’The Non-Slaveholder’.

(Abolition & Underground RR • African Americans • Civil Rights • Education) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Captain Paul Cuffe

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Massachusetts, Bristol County, New Bedford

Captain Paul Cuffe

Paul Cuffe (1759-1817) was a sea captain, merchant, philanthropist, community leader, civil rights advocate and abolitionist.

Here are some significant details about his life.

Westport, MA: site of the Cuffe home and farms, where in 1800 Captain Cuffe established “Cuff’s School”, one of the first integrated schools in America, welcoming children of all colors.

Boston, MA: February 12, 1780, as a land owner and tax payer, Paul Cuffe petitioned the Massachusetts General Court for the right to vote. No action was taken. On April 24, 1781, Cuffe as a Native American man petitioned the town of Dartmouth. Although the petition failed, the campaign for voting rights helped pave the way for creation of the new Constitution in 1783 which granted equality to all Massachusetts citizens.

Sierra Leone, West Africa: December 2, 1815, Cuffe departed Westport on the brig Traveler and sailed to see Sierra Leone on the West Coast of Africa, to establish a new home for former African Americans.

Washington, DC: May 2, 1812, Paul Cuffe met with President James Madison, to discuss the return of property seized in the war of 1812, thereby becoming the first African-American guest of a sitting American president.

Philadelphia, PA: throughout the late 1700s, one of Paul Cuffe’s closest friends and business associates was sail-maker and businessman James Forten of Philadelphia, one of the wealthiest black men in early America.

The West Indies: Captain Cuffe traded for goods to stock his store “Cuffe & Howards”, (est. 1808) with sugar, coffee, chocolate, raisins, cloves, nutmeg, cotton, candles, soap, leaf tobacco, crockery, earthenware Moroccan shoes, ladies mock turtle hair combs and other sundries.

New Bedford Whaling Museum -- Dedicated – 9/24/2011

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Tashua Hills

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Connecticut, Fairfield County, Trumbull
Tashua Hills
608 Feet
Above Sea Level
Highest Elevation
On the East Coast
Trumbull Parks Commission

(Natural Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

In Memory of Lt. Rodney L. Stokes and Sgt. Julius G. Skyberg

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Connecticut, Fairfield County, Trumbull
In Memory of Lt. Rodney L. Stokes of Liberty, Mississippi, and Sgt. Julius G. Skyberg of DeSmet, South Dakota Who Lost Their Lives While Fulfilling Their Duties When Their Airplane Crashed on This Spot on Sunday January 23, 1944. Placed Here by Another Airman

(Air & Space • Disasters • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Birch - Colvert Cemetery

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Indiana, Fountain County, near Stone Bluff


Birch - Colvert Cemetery

Also Known As

Stone Bluff Cemetery


Beneath this hallowed ground rests the souls of many long-forgotten loved ones. Their gravestones destroyed by the hand of man: and the physical boundaries of the original burial grounds have been reclaimed. Only a very small list of those resting here has been found.

May they all rest in peace!

Known Burials

Jonathan Birch - Rev. War Veteran
Joshua Birch
George Boggs
Elizabeth Covalt

Elizabeth Zartman
Michael Zartman

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Greenville Treaty Line

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Ohio, Shelby County, near Fort Loramie
on June 18, 1797 from a sycamore tree near the fork of Loramie Creek, Israel Ludlow surveyed a random line east 130.6 miles to the Muskingum River. On August 3, 1799, a short distance east of this spot, Ludlow commenced the Greenville Treaty Line west 21.6 miles to Ft. Recovery, (set 2014)

(Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Roy Williams

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North Carolina, McDowell County, Marion

National Championship winning college basketball coach for University of North Carolina and Member of Basketball Hall of Fame. Born in 1950 in Marion General Hospital, which stands one block north.

(Sports) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

King’s Square

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New Brunswick, Saint John County, Saint John
English
King’s Square, named for King George III of England, was granted to the City of Saint John by royal charter in 1785. During its early years, the grounds were the site of such public uses as oxen roasts, fireworks displays, militia parades, cricket games, public wells, a pillory, a slaughter house, and agricultural fairs.

In 1844, King’s Square was developed as a park and the current design of paths was laid out. The square retained it rural setting of only trees and grass with the exception of the central fountain (1851-present), the bell tower (1855-1877), the Women’s Christian Temperance Union Monument (1883-1963), and the Young Memorial (1891-present).

King’s Square’s “Sense of beauty” was enhanced in 1893 with the first layout of formal flower beds. Further park enhancements such as the King Edward VII Memorial Bandstand (1908), the Tilley Monument (1910), the War Memorial (1925), the Loyalist Cross (1934), the Gorman Monument (1962), and the Last Alarm Bell Monument (1986) further strengthened the square for passive recreation. In 1988, the bandstand and central fountain were restored by the Saint John Central Business Development Corporation.

French
Le carré King’s Square, qui a reçu son nom du roi George III d’Angleterre. Fut octroyé à Saint John en 1785 par la charte royale. Des ses débuts, le site de manifestations publiques telles de rôtissages de boeuf, des feux d’artifice, des parades de la milice, des matchs de cricket, des puits public, un pilori, un abattoir et des expositions agricoles.

King’s Square devint en 1844 un parc et le plan d’aménagement actuel fut conçu. A l’exception de la fontaine centrale (1851 à nos jours), de la bell tower (1855 à 1877), des monuments Women’s Christian Temperance Union (1883 à 1963) et Young Memorial (1891 à nos jours), il n’y a dans le parc que les arbres et du gazon.

Des plates-bandes de fleurs ont été ajoutées en 1893 pour rehausser la beauté de King’s Square. Le kiosque à musique à la mémoire du roi Edouard VII (1908), le monument Tilley (1910), le War Memorial (1925), la Loyalist Cross (1934), le monument Gorman (1962) et le monument Last Alarm Bell (1986) embellissent également la carré. La Saint John Central Business Development Corporation a restauré le kiosque à musique et la fontaine centrale en 1988.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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