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Illinois Central Depot

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Wisconsin, Dane County, Fitchburg
On this site a two-story railroad depot stood from 1888 to 1939. The depot served the Illinois Central Railroad, which provided passenger and freight service to Fitchburg on its route from Freeport, Illinois to Madison. The depot had a ticket office, waiting room, freight room and living quarters for the agent's family.

By 1922, four passenger and four freight trains passed through here daily. A small platform stood nearby for the loading of milk. The last Illinois Central freight train passed through in 1981, but other railroads operated the line until the early 1990s when the track was abandoned and eventually removed. The rail bed is now part of the Badger State Bike Trail.

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Woodstock Opera House

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Illinois, McHenry County, Woodstock
This property has been
placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
By the United States
Department of the Interior

(Entertainment • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Maple Park

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Wisconsin, Walworth County, Lake Geneva
The Maple Park Historic District was platted as the first residential district in the original Village of Geneva in 1837. It includes the first town square (Maple Park) and Pioneer Cemetery. It also contains many of the earliest residences dating from the 1840’s & illustrating Italianate, Greek & Gothic Revival, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, & Craftsman styles of architecture.

(Notable Buildings • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Camp Road / Lagerstraße

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Germany, Thuringia, Weimarer Land Kreis (District), Buchenwald Memorial


Camp road between blocks (stone barracks), SS photograph, 1943
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Lagerstraße zwischen Steinblocks, SS-Foto 1943
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[French and Russian text not transcribed]

(Man-Made Features • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cannon Barrel

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Ontario, The Regional Municipality of Niagara, St. Catharines
In 1960, the Lincoln Historical Society (now the St. Catharines Historical Society) recovered this cannon barrel from the banks of Twelve Mile Creek, formerly the route of the First and Second Welland Canals. It had been buried in the area under the Burgoyne Bridge below Yates Street.

The barrel displays no crests or markings to indicate its country or place of origin, not its maker or date of manufacture. The bent barrel and broken pintles (the 'pins' on either side of the barrel upon which it pivots) suggest the cannon was intentionally discarded. Perhaps it was brought to St. Catharines in the 19th century as ballast in a ship passing through the Canal or maybe it was on a ship being repaired at a local shipyard.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Formerly Brooklyn Park High School

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Maryland, Brooklyn Park
Brooklyn Park High School opened its doors in September 1954, with Slater W. Bryant, Jr. as its first principal. Sounds of construction echoed down hallways, as workers hurried to finish the new building. Before closing in 1990, the school had graduated more than 7000 students, and is remembered for the preeminent education it offered. B.P.H.S. was the cornerstone of the community, and with The Bee as its official mascot, remains forever etched in the hearts of its alumni.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Early Welland Canals

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Ontario, The Regional Municipality of Niagara, St. Catharines
The modern Welland Canal is actually the fourth version to be built since 1829. Unlike the later government-operated canals, the First Welland Canal was built by a private company.

The outline on the ground represents a typical lock from the First Canal. Compare the outline to Lock 3. How have the locks changed?

[Caption for drawing:] Typical locks, balance beam gates, and barge traffic on the Erie Canal.

Dressed stone was used to build the Second Canal (1845) and Third Canal (1881). The gates of the early canals were manually opened and closed. Large balance beams, or levers, projected out from the top of the gate to help 'balance' the mass of the gate leaf and facilitate its movement by locktenders and ship crew.

Early canals were too narrow to navigate a sailing ship. Teams of horses, mules or oxen - driven by a towboy - would move along a towpath beside the channel, towing vessels with their sails furled. The Third and Fourth Canals were built for steam and diesel ships capable of transiting the Canal under their own power.

First Welland Canal
Started 1824 - Completed 1829

[Under ship diagram:]
Typical Vessel
Length 100Ft - Cargo Capacity 165 Tons

[Under lock diagram:]
Typical Lock

Length of Gates - (33.5 m) - 110 FT
Width of Lock - (6.7 m) - 22 FT
Depth of Water over Sills - (2.4 m) - 8 FT
Single Lifts - (1.5 m - 3.4 m) - 4 FT TO 11 FT
Number of Locks - 40

Second Welland Canal
Started 1840 · Completed 1845

[Under ship diagram:]
Typical Vessel
Length 140Ft - Cargo Capacity 700 Tons

[Under lock diagram:]
Typical Lock

Length of Gates - (45.7 m) - 150 FT
Width of Lock - (8.0 m) - 26 FT 6 IN
Depth of Water over Sills - (2.7 m) - 9 FT
Single Lifts - (2.9 m - 4.3 m) - 9 FT 6 IN TO 14 FT 3 IN
Number of Locks - 27

Third Welland Canal
Started 1875 · Completed 1887

[Under ship diagram:]
Typical Vessel
Length 255Ft - Cargo Capacity 3700 Tons

[Under lock diagram:]
Typical Lock

Length of Gates - (82.3 m) - 270 FT
Width of Lock - (13.7 m) - 45 FT
Depth of Water over Sills - (4.3 m) - 14 FT
Single Lifts - (3.7 m - 4.9 m) - 12 FT TO 14 FT 3 IN
Number of Locks - 26

Welland Ship Canal
Started 1913 - Completed 1932-33

Length between Inner Gates - (261.8 m) - 850 FT
Width of Lock - (24.4 m) - 60 FT
Depth of Water over Sills - (9.1 m) - 30 FT
Single Lifts - (14.2 m) - 46 FT 6 IN
Number of Locks including 3 Twin - 8
Total Lockage - (99.5 m) - 326 FT 6 IN

H5 Humberstone is 1380 FT long between inner gates

[Under lock diagram:]
Typical Lock

[Under ship diagram:]
Typical Vessel
Maximum Length 225.5m (740 FT) & Cargo Capacity 25000 Tons at 8m (26.3 FT)

Adjacent to the lock outline, the stone blocks define the increased width of the Second Welland Canal. The subsequently enlarged width of the Third Welland Canal (1887)
is approximately 1 m (39 in.) from the fence. Similarly, the length of the locks for the Second and Third Canals are shown to the north by stone blocks measured from the upper gates of the First Canal outline.

Remants of the stone locks from the Second and Third Welland Canals can be found throughout St. Catharines and neighboring communities. A ten-minute drive from Lock 3 will take you to the location of an excavated lock from the First Canal - Lock 24 off Merritt Street. Sections of the Second Canal can be found in Mountain Locks Park on Glendale Avenue.

Caution! climbing on the artifacts can be hazardous

Learn about the earlier Canals on your visit to the St. Catharines Museum, before you set out to explore the Canal remnants.

(Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Founding of St. Catharines

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Ontario, The Regional Municipality of Niagara, St. Catharines
Before this region was settled, several Indian trails intersected here at a ford in Twelve Mile Creek. They were improved by early settlers and a church was erected at the crossroads by 1798. A tavern soon followed and a settlement, known as St. Catharines or Shipman's Corners, developed. After the War of 1812 the community expanded largely through the efforts of William Hamilton Merritt. He was the chief promoter of the First Welland Canal, built in 1824-33, which made St. Catharines a centre for water transportation and industry. Factories and mills were established and St. Catharines became a leading flour-milling and shipbuilding centre. It was incorporated as a Town in 1845 and as a City in 1876.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lance Corporal Fred Fisher, V.C.

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Ontario, The Regional Municipality of Niagara, St. Catharines
Born in St, Catharines, Fred Fisher abandoned his studies at McGill University when World War I broke out and served with the 13th Battalion, First Division, Canadian Expeditionary Force. Fisher was awarded the Victoria Cross for his exceptional courage in action near St. Julien, Belgium, on April 23, 1915, during the second battle of Ypres. Under very heavy fire he led a machine-gun detachment covering the withdrawal of an artillery battery. Though his crew fell to enemy attack, Fisher held their position. He then returned to the garrison for more men and advanced again to the firing line. Killed in action the next day, Fisher has no known grave.

(War, World I) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Block

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West Virginia, Kanawha County, Charleston
Heart of the black community, area was the center for black business, education, religion, and social life but also had Greek, Italian, Lebanese and Syrian businesses. Many local black leaders had ties to the area, which declined due to 1960s urban renewal and interstate system. Named first local historic district in 2011, the 25-acre area has five National Register sites.

(African Americans) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Kenny Fountain

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
...is dedicated to Thomas J. Kenny, who in 1818 crossed the Alleghenies and purchased this property for five pounds, ten shillings, six pence, and a barrel of whiskey. The farm he established later was called Kenny's Grove, a retreat where the neighbors picnicked in the summer.

(Entertainment • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Laffin' Sal

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Sal debuted at Kennywood in 1931 as a free attraction in front of the Laff in the Dark. It was during the Great Depression and provided some of the best medicine available in that sad period-Laughs.

When the ride was razed in 1965 to make room for the Turnpike, Sal went into retirement-in a storage bin.

But life began again in her 40's and she has been laughing ever since.

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Miniature Railroad

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Although the cars have been changed in appearance, the engines look much like they did at the New York World's Fair of 1938-39 The Century of Progress Exposition.

The train was known there as the Gimbels Flyer and was brought to Kennywood at the end of World War II.

(Entertainment • Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Andrew Stephen McSwigan

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Newspaper reporter who won preeminent distinction at the Johnstown Flood; Knight of Columbus Secretary with Croix de Guerre in World War; a devoted servant of his church, city, state and country; national leader in making the park business respected and four times President of the National Association of Amusement Parks, which reveres his memory in erecting this tablet.

(Disasters • Entertainment • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • War, World I) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Niagara District United Empire Loyalists Memorial

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Ontario, The Regional Municipality of Niagara, St. Catharines
[Upper plaque:] This boulder was on the half-way mark, between Niagara-on-the-Lake and Queenston
[Lower plaque:] This memorial is erected in proud memory of pioneer ancestors and to commemorate the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of their arrival in the Niagara District as United Empire Loyalists
1784 • 1934

(Peace • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Pagoda

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Although not a historic landmark, this oriental pagoda was inspired by one in Trivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark.

The gargoyles around the building were carved in the 1920's by the carousel craftsmen of the Philadelphia Toboggan Co.. No two are exactly alike. They originally decorated the front of Kennywood Old Mills Boats made by that company. The ceramic roof tiles, made in Ohio, weigh 5 lbs. each, there are 7,312 of them.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Turtle

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Originally known as the Tumble Bug and built by Travers Co. of Beaver Falls, this ride used to be a standard in just about every amusement park in North Amercia. This one has been at Kennywood since 1927.

(Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Windmill

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Pennsylvania, Allegheny County, West Mifflin
Built in 1921 on an island in the lagoon, (main show area now), the Windmill was moved here in 1940. It was copied from a similar attraction in Coney Island, Cincinnati, Ohio.

The Windmill is included in an oil painting by the famous primitive style artist, John Kane-"Scottish Day at Kennywood". The painting is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Entertainment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Remains of the Beehive Coke Ovens

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Pennsylvania, Fayette County, Dunbar
The remains of the beehive coke ovens, that are visible on both sides of the Youghiogheny River, are some of the first in what became known as the "Connellsville Coke Region", with over 35,000 ovens in operation.

Coke, a hard, porous residue with a high heating value, was made by burning coal in the sealed ovens. When ready, the coke was drawn from the ovens and loaded into rail cars and shipped to Pittsburgh, where it was used in the making of steel.

Until the end of World War I, the "Connellsville Coke Region" was so unrivalled in the production of coke, that at one time it was known as "The Coke Center of the World".

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Connellsville

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Pennsylvania, Fayette County, Connellsville
•You see in the distance Chestnut Ridge, the western edge of the Allegheny Mountains; behind you, you will not encounter mountains again until you reach the Rockies, more than 1,000 miles away. A ford of the Youghiogheny River known as Stewart's Crossing made the Connellsville area an important crossroads for Native Americans and early pioneers. •After the formation of Chestnut Ridge, and Laurel Ridge beyond it, 200 million years ago, the Youghiogheny River began to carve a steep-sided, sinuous path through these mountains. Today the Yough River Gorge between Ohiopyle and Confluence is Pennsylvania's deepest. Ruggest topography, churning rapids, and striking waterfalls show those natural forces still at work. This once formidable barrier to 18th century pioneers in now yours to explore.

Established: 1806
Elevation: 905'
Population: 9,250
County: Fayette

From trains to glass: This former Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad station had an elevated line that allowed passengers to enter and exit from the raised platform. Now restored, the station serves as the gallery and shop for Youghiogheny Opalescent Glass. Photograph by Micheal Edwards.

Brimstone Building: This buff brick building in the style of the Italian Renaissance was first occupied in 1901. Standing five stories high, it was originally the Title and Trust Company of Western Pennsylvania. From the collection of Thomas E. Rusniak.

Stewart's Crossing: Named for two brothers from Virginia who ferried pioneers across the Youghiogheny, it was the homestead of Colonel William Crawford, close friend of George Washington. General Braddock crossed here in 1755 on his ill-fated march to Fort Duquesne. There is an annual reenactment of Braddock's historic crossing every June. Photograph by Dexston Reed.

(Environment • Settlements & Settlers • War, French and Indian • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

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