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The Commemorative Walkway Park

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New Mexico, Santa Fe County, Santa Fe
Santa Fe is the oldest capital city in the United States, a successful blend of three cultures and yet a modern city of over 50,000 residents.

The Commemorative Walkway Park, constructed in 1986, provides a historical walk through Santa Fe from 500 A.D. to the present. It offers a unique and panoramic view of the city and commemorates those people and historical events which helped form Santa Fe’s long and colorful history. Many of the city’s landmarks can be identified from the walkway. Twenty markers, in chronological sequence, briefly summarize some of the major events in Santa Fe’s history.

Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

500 A.D.

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New Mexico, Santa Fe County, Santa Fe
From 500 A.D. onward, New Mexico underwent a number of comparatively rapid changes. The people throughout the western two-thirds of the state became increasingly restricted to smaller and smaller areas resulting in the development of many regional differences in architecture, ceramics and other crafts. Between 1100 and 1400 A.D., vast areas of New Mexico were abandoned for reasons that are still poorly understood.

(Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Twenty-First Army Corps

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Georgia, Walker County, Chickamauga
Twenty-First Army Corps.
Major General Thomas L. Crittenden.
1st Division -- Brigadier General Thomas J. Wood.
2d Division -- Major General John M. Palmer.
3d Division -- Brigadier General Horatio P. Van Cleve.

September 19, 1863
During the afternoon and night of September 18th this corps was concentrated at Lee and Gordon's Mill. September 19 at 11 A.M. General Crittenden, hearing heavy firing on General Thomas' line, sent Palmer's Division to his support.

General Rosecrans directed Van Cleve's Division to be sent also. Palmer became engaged about 1 P.M. on the right of Johnson, then on Thomas' line, and Van Cleve attacked on the right of Palmer, east of Brotherton's about 2 P.M.

Palmer was engaged throughout the afternoon, supported first by Van Cleve and, later, by Reynolds of Thomas' Corps, but with Johnson well to the left and front, Van Cleve at 4 P.M., was driven across the LaFayette road at Brotherton's by Stewart's Division, where it rallied, but was soon forced by Stewart beyond the Crawfish Springs road, where he bivouacked. Barnes' Brigade of Van Cleve remained south of Viniard's, fighting to the right of Davis' Division of McCook's Corps until sunset. Buell's Brigade of Wood became engaged at Viniard's on Davis' left at 3:30 P.M., and thereafter, at intervals, till sunset. Harker's Brigade of Wood proceeding up the LaFayette road toward Brotherton's about 4 P.M. fell with two regiments upon the rear of Fulton's Brigade of Bushrod Johnson's Division west of that road and south of Brotherton's, and caused Johnson's withdrawal at 5 P.M.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Harker's Brigade

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Georgia, Walker County, Chickamauga
Harker's Brigade.
Wood's Division - Crittenden's Corps.
Col. Charles G. Harker.

Sept. 19, 1863, morning.
3rd Kentucky - Colonel Henry C. Dunlap.
64th Ohio - Colonel Alexander McIlvain.
65th Ohio - Lieutenant Colonel Horatio N. Whitbeck.
125th Ohio - Colonal Emerson Opdycke.
Ohio 6th Battery - Captain Cullen Bradley.

This Brigade was the first of the Union army to reach Lee and Gordon's Mill. It left Rossville early in the morning of September 11th, and bivouacked at the mill at night, being joined by General Wood with Buell's Brigade at 8:30 P.M. from the 12th until the 19th of September the Brigade was engaged in various movements in the vicinity of Lee and Gordon's. At 3 P.M. September 19th the two brigades, with Harker's in advance, were ordered toward the action then progressing at Viniard's.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Early History of the City of Bastrop

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Texas, Bastrop County, Bastrop
Long before white men arrived, this region was inhabited by Tonkawa and Comanche Indians. In 1691 the first Spanish explorers crossed this territory en route to east Texas. From their route, parts of “El Camino Real” (the King's Highway) were blazed, thus placing Bastrop on a major early travel artery.

Because El Camino Real crossed the Colorado River here, this was a strategic spot. In 1805 the Fort “Puesta del Colorado” and accompanying community were founded here to protect commerce on the road. In 1825 this area became “Mina,” one of the first settlements in the colony of Stephen F. Austin. It was named for revolutionary leader Xavier Mina.

In the years that followed, many members of its first 100 families served in the Texas Revolution (1836), the Mexican War (1846-1848), and were active in political life in the Republic and State of Texas.

In 1837 when the town incorporated, the name was changed to “Bastrop” to honor the Baron de Bastrop, influential early land agent and statesman. The city was also designated county seat in 1837.

From 1851-1870, this was seat of Bastrop Military Academy, an important Texas school. First courthouse was built in 1853; present one in 1883 on the same spot.

(Native Americans • Roads & Vehicles • Settlements & Settlers • War, Texas Independence) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A New Deal in Town

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Maryland, Montgomery County, Silver Spring


Silver Spring During the Civil War
If you has used our post office between 1937 and 1981 you would have seen a mural depicting a possible Civil War scenario.

Opened on March 1, 1937, the Georgian Revival style Silver Spring post office at 8412 Georgia Avenue was the first Federal building constructed in Montgomery County. Inside the lobby was a 5' 11" x 15' 11" oil-on-canvas mural titled The Old Tavern, by Nicolai Cikovsky. This artwork was a product of the U.S. Treasury Department's Section of Painting and Sculpture, created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal administration to incorporate murals and sculpture in new post office construction. The purpose of the program was to employ out-of-work artists and educate the American public about their culture and history.

The mural depicts Civil War Union soldiers who have picked up their mail at the Eagle Inn, a tavern that stood on the corner of Georgia Avenue and Colesville Road. When Cikovsky was asked about the inclusion in the mural of an African-American soldier, seen holding his rifle in one hand and a letter in the other, his reply was "...he is intended to symbolize the result of the Civil War -- namely the liberation of his race." As a matter of fact, over 209,000 African-Americans joined the Union Army to serve during the Civil War. This mural now hangs in the Silver Spring Library.

(African Americans • Arts, Letters, Music • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 14 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Pane in the Glass Factory

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton

In the 1840s, Batsto’s iron industry was failing due to competition from new iron industries using coal and iron ore (magnetite) rather than charcoal and bog ore (limonite). Looking for another industry to keep Batsto profitable, Jesse Richards built a window glass factory on this site.

Although nothing remains today, this is the site of the Batsto Glass Factory. The raw materials used in making glass (sand, lime and wood for fuel) were in abundant supply here.

The Batsto Glass Factory used the “cylinder sheet method” to make window glass and panes, called “lights”, for street lamps. In 1852, the city of Camden was lit for the first time with thousands of lamp lights manufactured at Batsto.

Glass making was a labor intensive and expensive process. As the years passed, frequent fires, increasing customer complaints and the death of Jesse Richards in 1854 led to the end of the once thriving glass industry at Batsto.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Swimming the Ladder to Success

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton

While the Batsto Dam provided power to a once prospering village, it halted the natural migration of spawning fish. The Batsto River Fishway Project provides a pathway over the dam. This project improves the aquatic ecosystem and provides increased recreational opportunities by allowing migratory fish access to historic spawning and foraging habitat.

Three Fishes Go Up the Ladder
The Batsto River is a diverse ecosystem that historically included migratory routes of alewife, blueback herring and American eel. Alewife and blueback herring are amadromous species, which migrate in the spring from the ocean and bays into freshwater rivers and lakes to spawn. American eel also migrate, but from the river to the sea to spawn (catadromous).

The fishway opens approximately 8 miles of habitat for these important prey species. Enabling these species to complete their historic spawning runs helps restore the natural food web, benefiting many predatory species.

(Animals • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ore Boat or Barge

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton
This boat is typical of the barges used to carry bog iron ore to the Batsto Furnace. It is estimated to be 150 years old and is 43 ft. long, with an 11 ft. beam. The boat was excavated from the north side of the Batsto Dam in 1957.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bog Ore

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton
Ore of this type was used
in the Batsto Furnace. It can still be
found in the coves, swamps and
bogs of the Pine Barrens.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fur Trader Louis Provencalle

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Minnesota, Nicollet County, near St. Peter
Because of its importance as a river crossing, Traverse des Sioux was a major distribution point for the fur trade.

As early as the 1770s, the Dakota were trading here for guns, blankets, and kettles. One prominent local trader was the French-Canadian Louis Provencalle, who worked here from 1826 until about 1848. Provencalle, his Dakota wife, and their four children lived in a cabin near this site. Their cabin (sketched here after the family had abandoned it) was used as a dining room, kitchen, and warehouse during the July 1851 treaty negotiations.

Pictograms

Provencalle was good at arithmetic but could not read or write. He kept track of his credits and debits with a system of pictograms. Each person or type of trade good had a specific mark or figure. According to the missionary Samuel Pond, "This mode of keeping accounts had one advantage over the others, in that the Indians could easily learn to read this picture writing and see for themselves how their accounts stood." For example, the curved-horn figure on the bottom of this page from one of Provencalle's credit books stands for a decorated powder horn.

Minnesota Historical Society
Traverse des Sioux


(Industry & Commerce • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Auxiliary Power System

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton
This series of belts and jackshafts were installed in the late 19th century. They were powered by the gristmill’s turbine, Their purpose was to turn grindstones for sharpening tools and to power the corn sheller housed in the adjacent corncrib.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Wagon

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton
Although the exact date and manufacturer of this wagon are not known, it is possible that it was made by the Auburn Wagon Works in Martinsburg, WV around 1900. Wagons were used to transport goods both on the farm and to local markets, boat landings and railheads. Goods shipped to Batsto were delivered by boat or railroad and then carried overland by wagon.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

3rd Battalion Gloucester County Militia

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Port Republic
In honor of the men of the 3rd Battalion
Gloucester County Militia
Col. Richard Somers – Commanding

Killed in Action

Pvt. Forrest Bellangy (Killed at Trenton #2)
Pvt. John Cain (Murdered while POW in Tuckerton)
Lt. John Lucas (Killed in post-Red Bank fight)
Capt. Henry Snell (Killed by friendly fire at Long Beach Island)
Capt. Andrew Steelman (Murdered while POW at Long Beach Island)
3 other unnamed men killed a Petticoat Bridge/Mt. Holly

Wounded in Action

Maj. Elijah Clark (Wounded at Trenton #2)
Pvt. Stephen Ford (Wounded at Petticoat Bridge)
Pvt. Hugh Jones (Wounded in post-Red Bank fight)
Lt. John Lucas (Wounded at Petticoat Bridge)
Lt. David Scull (wounded at Long Beach Island)
Pvt. John Steelman (Wounded on Cumberland County patrol)
Pvt. John Thomas (Wounded at Tuckerton)
Lt. John Tilton (Wounded in post-Red Bank fight)
3 other unnamed men wounded at raid at John Steelman’s house in Absecon.

Prisoner of War

Pvt. David Denike (Taken in post-Chestnut Neck period) – Exchanged
Pvt. Benjamin Endicott (Taken in skirmish near Camden) – Exchanged
Pvt. John Ingersoll (Taken in post-Chestnut Neck period) – Exchanged
Pvt. James Leeds (Taken in Absecon Raid) – Escaped
Pvt. Patrick McCollum (Taken in skirmish near Camden) – Exchanged
Capt. Enoch Willits (Taken in Cape May raid)- Died in prison
4 other unnamed men taken, 2 post-Chestnut Neck and 2 at Camden – Exchanged

Dedicated May 31, 2014
Col. Richard Somers Chapter SAR
Earl Cain       Rev. Norman Goos       Dennis Steelman

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

British Anchor

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Port Republic
This anchor, believed to be from a British Merchant ship captured by Privateers and sunk during the Battle of Chestnut Neck, October 6, 1778
Has been donated to the Col. Richard Somers Chapter, New Jersey Society, Sons of the American Revolution by the Chestnut Neck Boat Yard

The Bruno, Schutz and Meyer Family
October 6, 2011

(War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ship’s Rib

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Port Republic

Thought to have been sunk during the Battle of Chestnut Neck, October 6, 1778. Recovered during extreme low tide, 1971.

(War, US Revolutionary • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

1540

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New Mexico, Hughes County, Santa Fe
Seeking to expand the domain of the King of Spain in 1540, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led an expedition of over 1,000 men and women north from Mexico into what is now Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas. The Spanish explorers, in search of the mythical, wealthy “seven cities of Cibola,” found little in the way of precious metals. But perhaps more importantly, they discovered groups of Indians, whom they labeled “Pueblos” due to their concentration in pueblos, or towns.

(Colonial Era • Exploration) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Wiedemann Building

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Kansas, Douglas County, Lawrence


Wiedemann's, a popular candy and ice cream store,
operated on this site from 1886-ca.1943

Prominent social center, tea room and dance hall

The Jay Shoppe
Ladies fashions 1952-1989

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

William K. Phillis War Memorial

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New Jersey, Atlantic County, Hammonton
All Wars Memorial
in honor of
Veterans of all Wars
who served and gave their
lives in an effort to
protect our country and
to preserve out freedom
justice and democracy.

Dedicated as
the
William K. Phillis
War Memorial
World War II
Korean War
Missing in Action

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

825-827 Massachusetts Street

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Kansas, Douglas County, Lawrence


Site of various Lawrence bakeries
1860s-1931

J.A. Keeler Stationery and Book Shop
1886-1909

Montgomery Ward Department Store
1931-1968

Wards combined 825 and 827 Massachusetts into this art deco two-part commercial building

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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