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Lake Island Park, Wintergreen Island, Tugwell Island & Clark Island

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New York, Niagara County, Wilson
Lake Island Park, established in the 1890's, was a popular tourist destination for those from Western New York, Rochester and the Toronto area. It originally consisted of a broad area around this site, including what is now the Tuscarora Yacht Club. The yacht club is located on what is now known as Clark Island. In the 1960's, when Floyd "Red" Clark purchased this property, he had the higher portion of this property leveled off to increase the island's size and to make it more conducive for marina use. Prior to this period, it was called Tugwell Island and, before that (during the Lake Island Park era), it was known as Wintergreen Island.

Lake Island Park also included a large portion of the eastern end of Sunset Island and all of the mainland property now owned by the Clark family. The Clark family home now sits on the site of the old dance pavilion, which later was converted into the clubhouse for the Tuscarora Golf Course. In addition to this pavilion, the park contained refreshment stands, a baseball diamond and an outdoor theater where plays were presented. There was also a steam powered merry-go-round and a toboggan water slide, in addition to a large cottage where guests could spend the night.

The current Tuscarora Yacht Club now encompasses all of Clark Island plus considerable adjacent shore dockage.

~ as told by C. F. Horton

Lake Island Park, circa early 1900's - Water Slide & Dance Pavilion with many guests.

The Tugwell Cottage, circa 1920 ~ Note footbridge where vehicle bridge is today. The cottage to the left was part of Lake Island Park.

Clark Island under construction in the 1960's ~ Note the old foot bridge from Tugwell's Cottage and baseball diamond from Lake Island Park

(Entertainment • Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


Barrackville Covered Bridge

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West Virginia, Marion County, Barrackville
This covered bridge, built in 1853 by Eli and Lemuel Chenoweth, West Virginia’s pioneer bridge builders, is an excellent example of a modified Burr Truss and is in substantially original condition. The bridge was saved from destruction during Jones’ Raid, April 29, 1863, by the Ice family, nearby mill owners and Southern sympathizers. It’s the only covered bridge in the state that bears its vehicular loads with essentially no modern reinforcement.

(Bridges & Viaducts) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Slavery in the Potomac Valley

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Maryland, Prince George's County, Oxon Hill
Only Black Slavery Was Legal in Maryland
Maryland institutionalized the enslavement of Africans at the same time they were being shipped to this section of the Potomac Valley from St. Mary’s City, Port Tobacco, and Virginia. Indians and Whites had been held in servitude since 1531, but only Black people were presumed to be slaves. The 1666 law stated: “All Negroes … already within the Province shall serve as Durnate Vita [sic]. And all children born of any Negro … shall be slaves as their fathers were for the terme of their lives.” It legalized slavery for life based upon skin color.

Fear of Tumultuous Meetings of Negroes
Tobacco growing fueled Prince George’s economy, and
slaveholders believed chattelizing humans to supply free labor was essential to the owner’s prosperity. Enslaved children may have been the system’s most affected victims. Enslaved people fought against their status and sought freedom at every opportunity. So frightening was this prospect for slaveholders that in 1723 the Colonial Assembly outlawed any meetings of Blacks. During the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812, slaves joined the British who promised freedom. In August 1814, 36 slaves along the nearby Potomac fled to British frigates. Salubria’s owner, John Bayne, held from 4 to 19 Black people as slaves between 1826 and 1861. He had trouble maintaining his involuntary workforce and advertised for the return of runaways several times.

Struggling to Emancipation
At the start of the Civil War, Prince George’s County , Maryland’s wealthiest county, depended upon slavery. Yet, slaveholders like Bayne lost their bondspeople to an emancipated Washington [D.C.] with its stationed Union troops. Though some Potomac Valley farmers like Bayne remained loyal to the Union with assurances that slavery could be maintained, runaways returned or owners would be compensated , none of this came to pass. All but a few slaveholders would lose most of their wealth with the emancipation of enslaved Marylanders in 1864.

Illustration captions:
“Our Maryland” Slaves in Tobacco field. Courtesy of the Maryland State Archives.
“Slaves at Corn Crib.” Courtesy of the Library of Congress.

(African Americans • Antebellum South, US) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

British Disgrace

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Maryland, Prince George's County, Upper Marlboro
British soldiers allegedly camped at Trinity Episcopal Church and tore pages from the church registry when they passed through in August 1814. Rector Thomas John Claggett also served St. Thomas Parish in Croom, another church on the British invasion route.

Trinity Church was founded in 1810. The present structure dates from after the War of 1812.

(Churches, Etc. • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

George Ziegler & Co. Candy Manufacturers

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Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee
This property has been placed on the
National Register of Historic Places
George Ziegler & Co. Candy Manufacturers
Designed by H.D. Schnetzky
Tour Site 27
1890

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

W.P. Reilly & Bros.

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Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee
This property has been placed on the
National Register of Historic Places
W.P. Reilly & Bros.
Designed by Crane & Barkhausen
Tour Site 29
1893

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Sturgis Prairie

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Michigan, Saint Joseph County, Sturgis


Place of
First Settlement
Sturgis Prairie
By Judge John Sturgis
And Family
August 1827

Donated by their Descendants

Erected by the Womans Club
1915

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Friend & Marks Co., Clothiers

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Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee
This property has been placed on the
National Register of Historic Places
Friend & Marks Co., Clothiers
Designed by Buemming & Dick
Tour Site 30
1906

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fort Black

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Ohio, Darke County, New Madison
Fort Black
a sturdy log outpost
was erected immediately
southwest of this site
in the fall of 1813
under the direction of
Lieutenant James Black
commanding a detachment
of Preble County troops
in order to protect the
pioneer settlers against
bands of hostile Indians
who were then engaged in
harassing the frontier.
The town of Madison was
platted on this site by
Zadock Smith in Dec. 1817
and was probably named for
President James Madison
afterwards this plat was
purchased and vacated by
Ernestus Putnum
who laid off and recorded
a new town in 1831
and called it New Madison

(War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

General Manuel Belgrano

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District of Columbia, Washington
Statesman, Leader and Forerunner of the Independence Movement in Latin America. Promoter of the economy and education, mentor of the principles of freedom that burst onto the Argentine early political scene in May 1810. An exemplary soldier, He triumphantly commanded the army in the battles of Tucuman and Salta, which consolidated freedom and independence in Argentina. A commendable man of unblemished reputation, a model to be emulated by men and women of principles throughout history and from every part of the world.

(Heroes) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Goodrich-Landow Log Cabin

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New York, Erie County, Clarence
This building is not a replica but a genuine log cabin moved here in 1990 and restored as an exhibit by the Town of Clarence and the Historical Society. It is the best surviving local example of the type of cabin erected by early settlers from New England. Built by the Levi Goodrich Family circa. 1825, the cabin stood for 165 years on Goodrich Road.

Levi Goodrich, born in Hadley, Massachusetts in 1774, settled in Clarence in 1815. The patriarch of a large family was also a land surveyor. Goodrich laid out several major roads in Clarence, including the one named for him. In 1836 the entire Goodrich family left Clarence and relocated to the state of Michigan.

The Landow log home was originally on the east side of Goodrich Road, north of Lapp Road in the Town of Clarence. (1923 photo)

The last residents of the cabin were the family of Mr. & Mrs. Gustave Landrow, prominent members of the German settlement in north Clarence. The building was incorporated into the farmhouse of the Landrow's large and prosperous farm.

The restored fireplace wall is a focal point of the interior of the cabin. (Sherwood Greenberg photo, 2004)

The restored cabin has been oriented to the compass points as it was on the original site. The whitewashed, saddle-notched, round log building has a stone chimney back projecting through the north wall. Inside and out the chinking mortar between the logs was restored with a mixture of local clay, sand and animal hair. The hewn surfaces of the interior log walls were whitewashed with natural lime. The beaded wide-board partition wall, passing in front of the restored fireplace and bake oven, is an amazingly intact and rare original surviving feature.

Courtesy of East Hill Foundation, 2005

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 12 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Road to Nashville

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Tennessee, Maury County, Columbia
(preface)
In September 1864, after Union Gen. William T. Sherman defeated Confederate Gen. John Bell Hood at Atlanta, Hood led the Army of Tennessee northwest against Sherman’s supply lines. Rather than contest Sherman’s “March to the Sea,” Hood moved north into Tennessee. Gen. John M. Schofield, detached from Sherman’s army, delayed Hood at Columbia and Spring Hill before falling back to Franklin. The bloodbath there on November 30 crippled the Confederates, but they followed Schofield to the outskirts of Nashville and Union Gen. George H. Thomas’s strong defenses. Hood’s campaign ended when Thomas crushed his army on December 15-16.

(main text)
On November 26, 1864, as Confederate Gen. John Bell Hood’s army approached Columbia, he sent Gen. Stephen D. Lee’s corps to “demonstrate heavily” (feign an attack) against the Federal defenses on the south side of the town. Hood wanted Union Gen. John M. Schofield’s force to remain fixed in its entrenchments while his own men marched past Columbia to Spring Hill to sever Schofield’s route of retreat to Nashville. Lee’s infantrymen formed a long skirmish line extending about a mile to your right and a mile to your left. At the same time, he opened fire on the Union fortifications with part of his artillery here.

Some of the Federal guns were located in front of you on the present-day grounds of Maury Regional Hospital. They responded to Lee’s barrage with counterfire, beginning a furious and impressive artillery duel. Judge George Martin’s fine brick house, which stood on this site, was so riddled by Union solid shot that the outer walls later had to be propped up with log braces.

Despite the cannon fire and feigned infantry attack, Schofield’s men started to evacuate Columbia before the Confederates could turn their position and block the road to Nashville. During the night, the Federals quietly crossed the Duck River, then began marching north the next day. Gen. Jacob D. Cox’s division remained on the north side of the river to defend the crossing and delay Lee’s soldiers, who skirmished with the Union rear guard. The two forces would soon meet again at Spring Hill.

(captions)
(lower center) Entrenched Union artillery battery Courtesy Library of Congress
(upper right) Gen. John M. Schofield Courtesy Library of Congress
(lower right) Gen. Stephen D. Lee Courtesy Library of Congress

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Historic Elm Springs

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Tennessee, Maury County, Columbia
This property has been
placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places

by the United States
Department of the Interior

The National Register of Historic Places
Tennessee Historical Commission

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Advance and Retreat

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Tennessee, Maury County, Columbia
In this house, Lt. Gen. Hood established his command post while bypassing Maj. Gen. Schofield's force at Columbia, Nov. 24, 1864. Here also, Dec. 20, Maj. Gen. Forrest issued orders for covering the retreat southward of the Army of Tennessee. On Dec. 21, the house was again occupied, this time by Schofield, in pursuit of Hood and Forrest.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Davis' Ford

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Tennessee, Maury County, Columbia
About 1½ miles northeast, the Army of Tennessee, less S.D. Lee's Corps and most of the army's artillery, crossed Duck River on a pontoon bridge. Cavalry, under Forrest, crossed here and at other points, screening the movement. Gen. Lee's Corps with artillery, remained in position south of Columbia, to contain Schofield.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Shiocton Area Veterans Memorial

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Wisconsin, Outagamie County, Shiocton
All Gave Some
Some Gave All

Dedicated to the glory of God and in loving memory of those who served their country in the cause for freedom.

(Military Service Emblems)
(POW/MIA Logo)


(Military) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kingston Veterans Memorial

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Minnesota, Meeker County, Kingston
(POW/MIA Logo )
(Military Service Emblems)
Coast Guard • Navy • Marines • Army • Air Force

(Military) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Anniversary of Shelling by Union Gunboats

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Florida, Volusia County, New Smyrna Beach
To commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the shelling and burning of the Sheldon House on this site July 26th during the War Between the States by Union gunboats Oleander and Bouregard

(War, US Civil • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

90 mm Anti-Aircraft Gun

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British Columbia, Capital Regional District, Victoria


During the 1950s this type of anti-aircraft gun was part of the Victoria-Esquimalt defences, although it was not used here at Fort Rodd Hill.

This American-made weapon had begun to replace the British-designed 3.7-inch gun as the Canadian Army’s heavy AA defence after the Second World War. It had a maximum vertical range of 30,000 feet and fired 22 rounds a minute.
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Pendant les anneés cinquante, ce type de canon antiaérien faisait partie des défenses de Victoria-Esquimalt bien qu’il n’ait jamais été déployé au fort Rodd Hill.

Ce canon fabriqué aux États-Unis avait commencé à remplacer les canons de 3.7 pouces de conception britannique au sein des défenses antiaériennes lourdes de l’armeé canadienne. Il avait une portée verticale maximum de 30 000 pieds et pouvait tirer 22 coups à la minute.

(Forts, Castles • Man-Made Features • War, Cold • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Thelma L. Stovall

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Kentucky, Shelby County, near Simpsonville


[Side A]
Entered political service in 1949 when she was elected to the Kentucky state legislature. For the next 34 years, Stovall served Kentucky in a variety of elected & appointed positions, including secretary of state, state treasurer, labor commissioner, & as the first woman elected lt. governor in Kentucky.
Over.

[Side B]
As lt. governor, she was elevated to acting governor several times & took advantage of the position. In 1978 she championed the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment, which was not well received by the legislature. In 1979 she was more successful in securing passage of a bill for property tax reform.

Presented by Unions and Friends.

(Politics) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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