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Sunnyside

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Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville
Home of Mary Benton, widow of Jesse Benton who left Nashville after a famous feud with Andrew Jackson in 1813. The Greek Revival house was built c. 1852 and stood between Union and Confederate lines during the Battle of Nashville in 1864. Prominent dentist L. G. Noel lived here for 45 years. The brick wings were added by Col. Granville Sevier during renovation of the house in the late 1920s.

(Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Maynard Field

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North Carolina, Forsyth County, Winston-Salem
Operating from 1919 until the mid-1930's, Maynard Field was the first commercial airfield in North Carolina. The airfield was named for Lt. Belvin W. Maynard, a North Carolina native and pioneer aviator. In October 1919, the Winston-Salem Board of Trade leased thirty-five acres of land off Kernersville Road, and commenced preparing the field. On December 6, 1919, the field was dedicated, and Lt. Maynard was the first flyer to land on its runway. Completely modern in contrast to other airfields of its day, Maynard Field featured intersecting runways, hanger space, gasoline, a telephone, a mechanic, and two parking areas for automobiles.

(Air & Space • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

"My Western Home" or "Home on the Range"

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Kansas, Smith County, near Smith Center

On this site circa 1873
Dr. Brewster M. Higley
wrote the words to
"Home on the Range"
Adopted as official
State Song of Kansas
June 30, 1947
——————
In 1873 Dr. Brewster Higley wrote the words, Dan Kelley supplied the music, and the Harlan Brothers Orchestra started the new song "Home on the Range" on its way from the heart of the nation into the nation's heart.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Science & Medicine • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lancaster Methodist Camp Ground Historic District

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Ohio, Fairfield County, Lancaster

was placed on the
National Register of Historic Places
by the National Park Service,
U.S. Dept. of the Interior,
Sept. 10, 1987 in recognition of its
historical and architectural significance.
Originated at Logan 1872;
moved to Carroll 1874;
located at Lancaster 1878.

Dedicated August 14, 1988

(Churches, Etc. • Communications • Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Albany / Enterprise Academy

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Ohio, Athens County, Albany
Albany (Side A)
The village of Albany was established in 1838 as a market center for the surrounding agricultural area, which saw its first white settlement in the early years of the nineteenth century. Education was always a major concern of Albany's citizens. Since public schooling was minimal, private academies provided the community various levels of education from the 1840s to the 1880s. Anti-slavery sentiment also was strong in Albany, and many of its citizens participated in the "Underground Railroad." Because of educational opportunities and sympathetic white neighbors, free African-Americans came to Albany, but most had moved away by the 1930s. After World War Two, the village lost its status as a center for commerce and business. (Continued on side two)

Enterprise Academy (Side B)
(Continued from side one) Enterprise Academy, the first educational institution operated by African-Americans for African-Americans, was opened at Albany in 1864 after black students were refused further admission into nearby Albany Manual University. A stock company, heavily supported by whites, purchased twenty acres one-half mile east of this marker and built a brick chapel-academic structure and a large frame general-use building. By the 1880s, enrollment in and support for the institution began to decline, forcing Enterprise Academy to close.

Since many of its students lacked schooling, much of Enterprise Academy's curriculum was basic in nature. Yet it is accepted that most who attended the institution moved into a better position in life. Several persons, including Olivia Davidson, who became the second wife of Booker T. Washington, and Milton M. Holland, one of the first black Congressional Medal of Honor recipients, attained prominence in politics, business, and education.

(Abolition & Underground RR • African Americans • Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Morgan's Raid in Vinton County

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Ohio, Vinton County, Wilkesville

Side A:
During the summer of 1863, General John Hunt Morgan, a Confederate cavalry leader from Kentucky, invaded southern Ohio with 2,460 mounted men. Throughout the campaign Morgan's men plundered and looted before being captured by Union forces. On July 17, Morgan led his troops into Wilkesville stealing horses, sacking stores, and robbing private citizens. That night Morgan and some of his troops took lodging and meals with his first cousin Ruth Virginia Althar Cline and her husband Dr. William Cline. Morgan's troops camped near the house of John and Eliza Levis where Eliza cooked for the men for fear they would harm her family. Additional soldiers of the raiding party stayed on the village square. Legend has it that while Morgan slept at the Cline Mansion, his black servant stole his looted money, and abolitionists Dr. Cline and Abraham Morris, helped him escape to freedom on the Underground Railroad.

Side B
During the summer of 1863, General John Hunt Morgan, a Confederate cavalry leader from Kentucky, invaded southern Ohio with 2,460 mounted men. Throughout the campaign Morgan's men plundered and looted before being captured by Union forces. On July 17, Morgan led his troops into Wilkesville stealing horses, sacking stores, and robbing private citizens. That night Morgan and some of his troops took lodging and meals with his first cousin Ruth Virginia Althar Cline and her husband Dr. William Cline. Morgan's troops camped near the house of John and Elzia Levis where Elzia cooked for the men for fear they would harm her family. Additional soldiers of the raiding party stayed on the village square. Legend has it that while Morgan slept at the Cline Mansion, his black servant stole his looted money, and abolitionists Dr. Cline and Abraham Morris, helped him escape to freedom on the Underground Railroad.

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Henry Duc and the Defenders of Our Country

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Ohio, Vinton County, Wilkesville


Henry Duc
Founder of Wilkesville
June 10, 1810
Born in France
Departed his life June 21, 1827
Age 64
Came to America an officer
in the French Fleet

—————

To the Memory
of
Henry Duc
[balance of bronze marker unknown]
—————
In Memoriam
of
The Defenders
of
Our Country

(Patriots & Patriotism • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Frederick C. Franck, Jr., Residence

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Built in 1905 by Frederick C. Franck, Jr. (1873-1954). Santa Clara town trustee, businessman and son of Senator F.C. Franck. The Franck family owned this entire block. Maude Shuld Franck (1878-1960) his wife lived her until her death.

The house was designed by Louis Lenzen, a prominent San Jose architect, in the Colonial Revival style popular after the turn of the century. Major features are the square shape, hipped roof, modillion blocks under the eaves and corner oriel windows at the second story.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Charles Copeland Morse Residence

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
“The house that seeds built” was constructed in 1892 by Charles Copeland Morse, co-founder of one of the largest vegetable and flower seed companies in the world, the Ferry-Morse Seed Company. This outstanding Queen Anne residence is the most elaborate remaining Victorian structure in the City of Santa Clara.

(Agriculture • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Morse Mansion

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Victorian style house built in 1892 for Charles Copeland Morse, a house painter and co-founder of Ferry-Morse Seed Company, who occupied it a short time before moving to San Juan Bautista.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Russell – Robinson House

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Believed built in 1881-2 by pioneer Calvin Russell, a carpenter, who came to Santa Clara in 1852. In 1891 bought by John G. Robinson, who was one of the first druggists in Santa Clara and chairman and member of the Board of Library Trustees for 30 years. 1861 [Seal of the City of Santa Clara] 1977

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Morgan House

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Built 1895 - 1897 by real estate magnate John Center for his niece, Margaret Center Morgan.

A Victorian style house with a gable on hip main roof, pedimented bay pavilion, twin doghouse dormers and horizontal siding, built of wood shipped around the Horn. Was a three level “cottage” of sixteen rooms until 1923 when it was lowered by eliminating seven rooms downstairs.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Senator Franck House Site

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
First home of State Senator Frederich Christian Franck, 1826-1902. Came from Baveria in 1855. He was a civic leader & town trustee for eight consecutive years; member of the volunteer fire department from 1856, and elected Chief Engineer 1875-1881. Elected to the State Assembly for two terms 1871-1874, and to State Senate for term 1894-1895.

(Notable Buildings • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

John Fatjo House

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
This unique Greek Revival Pioneer style farmhouse was built around 1860 by John and Teresita Fatjo. The square turret and ornate veranda are later Vicorian additions. The Fatjo family were prominent merchants in Santa Clara. John’s father Antonio founded the Farmer’s Store in 1848 with Jose Arques.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Carmelite Monastery – Bond Ranch

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Judge Hiram Graham Bond owned the ranch 1895-1909.
Purchased by U.S. Senator James d. Phelan in 1913. The monastery chapel and residence buildings were constructed in 1917 as a permanent monastery for the community of Cloistered Discalced Carmelite nuns. In memory of Mrs. Francis J. Sullivan, Phelan’s sister. Monastery buildings designed by Maginnis & Walsh, who designed the national Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, Washington, D.C. Plans for the chapel won first place at the 1925 Paris International Exposition. It is considered the most perfect example of Spanish Renaissance Ecclesiastical architecture in the New World. The residence of the nuns is known as the Monastery of the Infant Jesus. The converted carriage house and redwood water tower were built prior to 1860.

Jack London, a frequent visitor, used the ranch as the starting locale for his famous novel “Call of the Wild” and Marshall Bond’s dog for the hero of the book.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Churches, Etc. • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

2nd Lt. Henry Ossian Flipper

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Kansas, Leavenworth County, Fort Leavenworth

Born - 21 March 1856
Thomasville, Georgia
- Early Schooling -
Private Tutors
American Missionary Association
Atlanta University
—————
U.S. Military Academy
01 July 1873 - 14 June 1877
4th Black to Attend
1st Black to Graduate
—————
Died - 26 April 1940
Gravesite - Thomasville, Georgia
—————
"Henry O. Flipper's legacy echoes through the actions of all African-American men and women who have worn Cadet Gray and served our nation as military officers and leaders of character."
LTG F. L. Hagenbeck,
Superintendent, USMA
30 March 2007

Military Life
—————
15 June 1877 - 30 Jun 1882
10th U.S. Cavalry
Commander G Troop
"Buffalo Soldier"
—————
Duty Stations
Ft. Sill, Oklahoma • Ft. Elliott, Texas • Ft. Concho, Texas • Ft. Davis, Texas
—————
Court-Martial
17 Sept - 08 Dec 1881
Dismissed From Service (Unjustly)
30 June 1882
Honorable Discharge Approved
08 Feb 1977
Presidential Pardon Granted
19 Feb 1999
(First Presidential Pardon Granted Posthumously)

Civilian Life
—————
From Slave to Scholar
Author - Inventor
Historian
Surveyor - Engineer
Linguist
Mining & Oil Consultant
Newspaper Editor
Cartographer
—————
Special Agent
U.S. Justice Department
—————
Interpreter & Translator
Senate Foreign Relations Committee
—————
Assistant to the
Secretary of Interior

[Quest for Justice]
Hon. John A. T. Hull, Des Moines, Iowa.
Dear Sir:
"In coming to Congress...I ask nothing because I am a Negro, I ask only...justic...as well as the satisfaction of having righted a great wrong..."

Very truly yours,
Henry O. Flipper
23 Oct 1898
—————
"117 years overdue...too long to let an injustice lie uncorrected...I now offer a full pardon to Lt. Henry Ossian Flipper...This good man now has completely recovered his good name."
President William J. Clinton
19 Feb 1999

(African Americans • Civil Rights • Patriots & Patriotism • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Legend of Avelino Martinez

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California, Kern County, Tehachapi
Avelino Martinez was of Mexican, Indian and Chinese descent, four feet-four inches tall and thirteen years of age when he came with a group of drovers to the United States from Sonora, Mexico, searching for his father. He worked as a groom for horses in one of legendary outlaw Joaquin Murrieta's four horse gangs. Members would capture wild horses and then drive them back to the Sonora area of Mexico where rich ranchers were a ready market.

Most of Martinez's life from 1853, when Murrieta and his horse gangs were captured, until 1920, was spent working at Racho El Tejon where other ex-members of the Murrieta gangs were employed. He then worked for E. J. "Bud" Cummings at Cummings ranch in Tehachapi and was there at the time of his death on August 8, 1936 at a reported age of 112, the last of the Murrieta group. He was buried at the Westside Cemetery in Tehachapi. He lies north and south, rather than the customary east and west.

(Arts, Letters, Music • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

“Cowboy Jim” Donovan

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
Born in San Francisco, James Donovan came to Santa Clara following the 1906 earthquake at the age of nine and resided in this house the rest of his life. Orphaned young, he started hauling baggage fro the railroad depot using a few dogs pulling a cart. Later, as a young man he earned enough money to by a horse and progressed to weed plowing for the town and watering the trees lining the unpaved streets. Less than 5 ft. tall, he got the nickname “Cowboy Jim” from working as a cowhand on valley ranches. For decades, Jim was a familiar figure around Santa Clara dressed in cowboy attire, marching in all the town parades using his horse and wagon or goat cart to give children rides around the neighborhood.

Calling the city council meetings “the best entertainment in town,” Cowboy Jim faithfully attended them for over 36 years. In September 1967, on his 70th birthday, the council declared “Cowboy Jim Donovan Day” in ceremonies held at a council meeting.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Harris/Lass House

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
This Italianate style house was built in the 1870’s by the Henry Harris family. Harris was a California pioneer from England whose son, Albert, became a town trustee and director of the Santa Clara Valley Bank.

In 1906, Christian Lass, a retired sea captain, and his family purchased the property. Lass descendants have live in the house for 75 years.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Berryessa Adobe

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California, Santa Clara County, Santa Clara
The Berryessa Adobe was built at a crossroad in California history. When constructed in the 1840s, Spanish colonial building traditions were blending with American influences. The builders constructed adobe walls on stone foundations and used soil plaster – all Hispanic influences - while using milled wood and carpentry details from the American Greek Revival style.

The Location of the Adobe – 1873
Thirty years after the Berryessa Adobe was built, Mission Santa Clara had developed into the town of Santa Clara, streets, town blocks, vineyards, and orchards covered this area. This map is based on the first official survey of Santa Clara. At the edge of town not the Berryessa Adobe on the highlighted lot labeled 39

Mission Santa Clara - 1842 This sketch depicts Santa Clara in 1842, just prior to the construction of the Berryessa Adobe. On the far right side you can see rows of older adobe homes, like the Peña Adobe.

The Peña Adobe
By the early 1790s Native American converts at Mission Santa Clara may have built and lived in adobe homes like these. The Pena Adobe still stands (the home in the background with the chimney) and belongs to the Santa Clara Women’s Club.

Adobe Restoration
The City of Santa Clara’s restoration of the Berryessa Adobe revealed many historic details of this family home. The restoration used traditional methods and precise research to determine the original materials, structures and even the colors used inside and outside of the building. Using this information, the adobe restoration maintains the many historical elements of the structure.

(Hispanic Americans • Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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