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Pearl Harbor Panorama-North

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Hawaii, Honolulu County, Honolulu
From this viewpoint along the eastern shore of Pearl Harbor you can see many features associated with the 1941 Japanese attack. The photo was taken in 1991, fifty years after the bombing.

1. Attack Signal-From the cockpit of his bomber over the west coast of Oahu, Cmdr Mitsuo Fuchida gave the signal that meant war with the United States. At 7:49 a.m. he radioed his pilots, “To, to, to,” Japanese for “charge.” Although he was still twenty miles from here, he could see and count the battleships which appeared to him “majestic.”

2. Undamaged Destroyers-At the time of the attack, there were twenty U.S. Navy destroyers moored here in East Loch. None were damaged in the attack.
(Inscription under the photo)
Destroyer USS Ralph Talbot was moored about 1-1/4 miles in front of you. She shot down a Japanese plane before steaming out of the harbor to hunt submarines. Photo taken December 1942.

3. At 8:02 a.m. Japanese fighters and dive bombers hit Wheeler Field located 10 miles up the valley in front of you. Most of the Army Air Corps fighters parked on the field were destroyed. Thirty-eight Americans were killed and 53 wounded.
(Inscription under the photo)
Japanese view of Wheeler Field during the attack. Planes were parked close together to guard against sabotage, but this made them extremely vulnerable to air attack. Note the Japanese dive bombers in the air.

4. Light Cruiser Phoenix-USS Phoenix was moored at this location just off McGrew Point. During the attack she pestered Japanese planes with antiaircraft fire, but escaped damage herself. In 1951 Phoenix was transferred to Argentina. Renamed the General Belgrano, this last surviving warship of the 1941 attack was sunk by a British submarine during the 1982 Falklands War.
(Inscription under the photo)
USS Phoenix steams past the burning USS Arizona on Battleship Row, December 7, 1941.

5. Repair Ship Vestal-When the attack began, USS Vestal was moored alongside USS Arizona on Battleship Row. After being struck by two bombs, the crippled ship was moved, with the assistance of two tugs, to this location off McGrew Point.
(Inscription under the photo)
In this photo taken December 7, USS Vestal (lower right) lies beached on shoals off McGrew Point, about ¼ mile from where you are standing. Black smoke (center) pours from the doomed battleship Arizona. Japanese A6M2 Model 21 “Zero” fighter planes strafed Americans aboard ships and on the ground.

6. North-The Japanese planes that attacked Pearl Harbor were launched from aircraft carriers located 230 miles to the north.

7. USS Bowfin-At the USS Bowfin Submarine Museum and Park to your right, you may take a self-guided tour of a World War II era submarine. To reach the Bowfin, walk back through the National Park Service Visitor Center behind you, and turn left through the parking lot.

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rehoboth Beach Volunteer Fire Company

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Delaware, Sussex County, Rehoboth Beach
The tower houses the original 1906 fire bell of the Rehobeth Volunteer Fire Company. This display and the new flag pole were built under the direction of the 1993 officers and members of the Rehoboth Beach Volunteer Fire Company, Inc. with special thanks to Chief Leonard C. Tylecki

(Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Family Home of William H. H. Ross

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Delaware, Sussex County, Seaford

William Henry Harrison Ross
Delaware's 27th and
youngest governor from
1851 - 1855

Following his term as governor, Ross began construction of this Italian Villa style house. This was a popular 19th century architectural style.

This structure evolved from the original brick two story Federal style house built by the John Tennent family. Tennent purchased this land about 1776 and sold it to the Governor's father in 1836. A wooden section of the original structure is located in the back right corner.

To celebrate completion of their home, Governor and Mrs. Ross hosted a house warming part October, 1860.

Governor Ross was instrumental in extending the railroad from Dover to Seaford. He took advantage of this economic opportunity to ship goods to the city since the rails passed through the middle of his 1398 acres. A small "whistle stop" railroad station was constructed across from his house.

Can you identify three characteristics of Italian Villa style structures?

• A three story tower: the Victorian answer to air conditioning
by promoting air circulation throughout the house
• Arched windows and doors
• Decorative brackets under the eaves
The Interior of this thirteen room house features:

• Many Ross family furnishings and memorabilia
• Other Victorian Period furniture, artwork, wall coverings, lighting, and interior wooden shutters
• Original, detailed engraved ceiling moldings and medallions
• Personal objects interpreting everyday 19th century life

The Seaford Historical Society owns and maintains 20 acres of the original plantation.

(Man-Made Features • Politics) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Painted Hills Overlook

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Oregon, Wheeler County, near Mitchell
Through this dry land in 1865 rode a pioneer minister and amateur scientist named Thomas Condon. It was the first of his many visits. Imagine his reaction when he discovered the imprints of countless fossilized leaves near these Painted Hills, leaves of plants that could not possibly survive this modern, near-desert environment. These fossils opened a window onto vast changes in climate, plants and animals.

The colorful Painted Hills are part of the lower John Day formations, with layers of the Clarno formations and Picture Gorge Basalts visible nearby. At Sheep Rock and Clarno units, explore other aspects of the John Day Fossil Beds.

(Environment • Paleontology) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pieces of the Puzzle

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Oregon, Wheeler County, near Mitchell
The ground before you is like a puzzle. A long streak of color breaks off, then seems to continue in the next hill, but at a different level. To connect the pieces, look for similar color, thickness, and sequence in a series of layers.

Ash and pumice from the ancestral Cascades and local volcanoes buried this area layer by layer. The colorful layers before you were deposited 33 million years ago. Soil formation processes affected each layer differently. Clays were formed and deeply buried, turning to stone. Underground forces lifted and faulted the strata, interrupting the symmetry.

The red in the Painted Hills is from rusty iron minerals, oxidized by long exposure. The golden layers reveal a mix of oxidized magnesium and iron, metamorphic claystone minerals. Black hash marks are rich with manganese. Each of the colors represents a different geologic process.

This valley is a gently contoured theater of geologic change, with erosion from rain the latest sculptor.

(Natural Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Deciphering the Forest

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Oregon, Wheeler County, near Mitchell
Volcanic ash can be gentle and fine enough to preserve a leaf’s structure in great detail. Nearby 34 million-year-old “Bridge Creek Flora” fossils reveal many species of an ancient, hardwood forest. This forest had a blend of trees found today only in parts of the Appalachians, Chine, and spots along the Pacific Coast.

Fossils indicate that some type of trees changed little during the Age of Mammals. From that evidence and comparisons to modern trees and their settings, we have learned a great deal about past ecosystems and climates.

About thirty million years ago there was a period of significant global change. As the air cooled and the seasons became more pronounced, the earlier near-tropical plants of the area retreated southward. Many hardwoods and conifers replaced them, as did a whole new set of forest creatures.

(Natural Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Matter of Survival

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Oregon, Wheeler County, near Mitchell
Straining to scent a water source, searching for a tender leaf, sensing immediate danger – to live in this near-desert today, mule deer, coyotes, quail, and humans must possess special skills and abilities. Without them they cross the threshold from survival to extinction. This holds true in any environment on the planet – now, and in the past.

Here, about 30 million years ago, major shifts in temperature and humidity occurred. Great changes in the plant life inevitably resulted. The animals that survived this transition were those that evolved new behaviors, different bodies, new abilities to survive. Still, long-term survival was not assured, as the fossil record reveals.

Fossils from the John Day country imply more than an odd-shaped mammal or exotic plant. Here they portray a healthy forest ecosystem long gone, and suggest reasons for its disappearance. Gathering such information may help us predict the future of modern species.

(Natural Features) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Attack from the Northeast

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Minnesota, Nicollet County, near Fairfax

You are standing where cannon fire stopped the Dakota assault on August 20, 1862. According to Tasina Wakanhdi (Lightning Blanket), who was involved in both attacks on the Fort, the warriors who made the first attack on Fort Ridgely were men from Wambdi Tanka's (Big Eagle), Pejutazanzan's (Medicine Bottle), Sakpedan's (Little Six), and Taoyateduta's (Little Crow) camps—about 400 men in all.

The plan of attack called for Pejutazanzan's men to give a signal of "three big shots," drawing the soldiers' attention to the north and allowing warriors hiding in the ravines on the east, west, and south sides of the fort to rush in. However, the warriors were delayed coming up the ravines, so Tasina Wakanhdi and others on the north were left exposed to cannon fire. Heavy artillery fire coming from the fort, coupled with a lack of powder and bullets, caused the warriors to withdraw to Taoyateduta's village to regroup.

"We Did Not Fight Like White Men"
Tasina Wakanhdi recalled:

While shooting we ran up to the buildings near the big stone one. As we were running in, we saw the man with the big guns whom we all knew and as we were the only ones in sight he shot into us.

We did not fight like white men, with one officer. We all shot as we pleased. We shot at the windows, mostly at the big stone building, as we thought many of the whites were in there.... During the shooting we tried to set fire to the buildings with fire arrows, but the buildings would not burn, so we had to get more powder and bullets.


Minnesota Historical Society
Fort Ridgely


(Forts, Castles • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Chough / Cág Cos-dearg

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Ireland, Ulster, County Donegal, Slieve League


The Chough is called cág cos-dearg in Irish - the red-footed jackdaw. It can be easily recognized by its glossy black coat, its red bill and legs, a sharp shrill call and its acrobatic flight. They normally nest in crevices and caves on rocky cliffs such as those found at Sliabh Liag.

The numbers of Chough in Europe are declining in about 90% of its population range and the Sliabh Liag Cliffs are one of its few remaining strongholds. Reasons for this decline are associated with changes in agriculture, which is reducing its habitat.

Is cág cos - dearg a tugtar ar an Chough i nGaeilge - cág na cosa deirge. Is furasta é a aithne lena chóta dubh snasta, a ghob agus a chosa dearga, a ghlór chaol chrua agus a eitilt gleacach. De ghnáth, neadaíonn siad i ngáganna agus i bpluaiseanna ar aillte creagach mar íad seo i Sliabh Liag.

Tá uimhir na gcág san Eoraip ag titim i 90% de na ngnáth áitreabh cónaí agus tá Aillte Shliabh Liag ar cheann de na h-áiteanna deireanacha atá fágtha acu. Is cosúil gur athruithe i gcúrsaí talmhaíochta ceann de na fáthanna go bhfuil an titim seo ag tarlú agus laghdaíonn seo a n-áiteanna dúchais.

[Photo caption reads]
Choughs feed almost exclusively on invertebrates and use their specially adapted bills to probe the soil in search of grubs and worms.

Is ar cruimheanna is mó a mhaireann na Cáganna agus úsáideann siad a ngoibeanna atá cruthaithe go speisialta leis an talamh a thochailt ag lorg cruimheanna agus péisteanna.

(Animals • Environment) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Winters Public Library

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Texas, Runnels County, Winters


Founded on January 4, 1954
by
Miss Myra Glover
Dedicated on October 13, 1963
Because she has given so generously of herself for the benefit of all,
the Citizens of Winters, Texas,
dedicate this library to Miss Myra Glover
The building was made possible through the
generous contributions of the following:
George W. Strake – John Q. McAdams
West Texas Utilities Company
Mrs. James W. Bright
Names of other contibutors are inscribed in
The Book of Remembrance.

(Charity & Public Work • Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Davis Funeral Chapel

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Kansas, Leavenworth County, Leavenworth


This building was the first site used by the I.O.O.F. in Kansas. The cornerstone was laid on May 14, 1867. Later renamed Davis Hall, the upper floor was used for local political meetings.

In 1975 the premises were included in the inventory of historic sites by the Kansas State Historical Society.

Since 1911 the building has been the location of one of the states [sic] oldest continuous business establishments, the Davis Funeral Chapel, founded in 1855 by James B. Davis, followed by Thaddeus Davis, former mayor, James C. “Big Hearted Jim” Davis, Margaret Davis Moulden, first woman elected to public office in Leavenworth and Clarence E. “Pete” Moulden.

In 1988 the Davis Funeral Chapel, Inc. is under the management of the fifth generation, Davis T. Moulden.

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Man-Made Features • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Replica of the Statue of Liberty

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Kansas, Leavenworth County, Leavenworth

With the faith and courage of
their forefathers who made
possible the freedom of these
United States

The Boy Scouts of America

dedicate this replica of the
Statue of Liberty as a pledge
of everlasting fidelity and
loyalty

40th Anniversary Crusade to
strengthen the arm of liberty

(Man-Made Features • Patriots & Patriotism) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Hamilton County, C.S.A.

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Texas, Hamilton County, Hamilton
Created and organized in 1858. By 1860 had 489 people in 78 families from 15 states. Vote in 1861 was 86-1 in favor of secession. 60 farmers were organized as Hamilton County Minutemen, a unit of part-time soldiers. Others joined Confederate regiments and fought at Vicksburg, Shiloh and other memorable battles.

During the Civil War, travel was on horseback and hauling by ox wagon. Homes were of logs split from timber along creeks and rivers. About half an acre a day was farmed, with homemade wooden tools. Corn and wheat were raised. On burned-over ground each family grew its own tobacco, hanging the leaves inside the living room to dry. Diet was mostly beef, cornbread and coffee substitutes. Homes were lighted by wicks stuck into tallow-filled eggshells.

With few men on hand to brand and herd, feuds rose over thefts and straying cattle. In differences over war issues, 2 men fled to Mexico to join Federals. Later they returned, trying to recruit neighbors into a unit disloyal to Texas, to welcome planned Federal invasion. Further trouble came from many Confederate deserters who took refuge along the streams and lived by theft and violence. (1965)

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Civil War Monument

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Minnesota, Carver County, Waconia
To the Memory
of the
Defenders of the
Union,
1861 to 1865.
Erected by the Citizens
of
Carver County in 1892.

F. Anthony, S.M. Alexander, Ch. All, A. Arneson, L. Anderson, C.F. Anderson, S. Anderson, A.G. Anderson, J. Anderson, J.H. Abbott, Th. Anderson, A. Anderson, D. Alexander, A. Arndt, G. Arndt, C. Arndt, B. Aslakson, J.E. Allen, T. Armitage, S. Arvidson, A. Arnold, A.S. Alderman, J. Aspen, E. Aldritt, N. Anderson, E. Anderson, A. Aretz, P. Aasfeld, E.G. Anderson, P.D. Anderson, S. Auer, J.P. Akins, J. Adamson, S. Anderson, J. Bull, F. Bohlig, L.L. Baxter, J. Brenton, P. Bills, C. Bender, C. Blocher, G. Brown, H. Brown, H. Brueshoff, W.R. Baxter, F. Brayton, G. Brayton, J. Buchanan, J. Blake, J. Breder, A. Bengtson, M. Bengtson, M. Berfield, O.F. Bryant, L. Bengtson, J. Berry, O. Brunius, W. Behmer, O. Berreau, J. Blum, B. Bitzer, F. Bergquist, G. Burton, C. Block, J. Baylor, S. Bengtson, O. Broberg, J. Bengtson, G. Bergeson, J. Biggs, A.J. Brown, J. Bauer, W. Bluedorn, W. Blacketter, J. Buck, T. Bond, E.B. Beeman, N. Bristol, W. Baker, A. Brink, A.W. Barker, J. Behrenfeld, D. Beck, C. Bristle, H.L. Beeman, A. Bryngleson, J. Bongard, W. Brum, C. Bayer, A. Brand, F. Butzing, P. Braun, J. Bensen, R. Callihan, W. Clark, M. Carlson, Z.B. Chatfield, P. Chadderdon, J.S. Chatfield, J. Cobb, G. Carlson, O.A. Carlson, P. Carlson, C. Chooten, H. Clauson, A.J. Carlson, C. Cary, N. Carlson, A.G. Carlson, H. Christianson, J. Daily, F. Diedrich, W. Diedrich, C. Drechsel, J. Danielson, H. Dies, S. Demers, J. Demers, W. Doyle, C. Denin, J. Denin, J. Dunn, W. Demars, I. Dunsmore, M. Dowd, O. Dufrane, P. Dingman, I. Donnely, G. Dick, J. Doherty, F. Doherty, P. Dressel, J. Dolcho, H. Doyle, F. Demars, G. Dutoit, A. Diehle, C. Etzell, F. Emme, S. Einsitter, H. Edelwein, F.X. Ess, H. Erickson, M. Engel, F. Elling, W.F. Elliot, E.A. Eddy, A.S. Erickson, W. Ellis, J. Erickson, P. Eichelberger, A. Engholm, A. Erickson, H. Elling, N. Fessler, C. Frank, F. Foreston, J. Frey, P. Freyman, C. Flodin, D. Foster, P. Freischle, L. Farlin, C. Felker, C. Freitag, W. Foley, E. Frank, J. Foreman, X. Freischle, D. Freese, F. Fonty, J. Fritz, C. Fink, S. Framberg, D. Fessler, F. Fausten, A. Groos, C. Guggemus, C. Griggs, A. Gustavison, J. Groetsch, C. Gebhard, C. Gatz, R. Gessert, L. Green, G. Groetsch, T. Groves.

G. Gay, J. Goodnow, J. Goetz, J. Gunderson, G. Green, S. Geiser, G. Graunke, J. Hegerll, C. Hartung, S. Halling, H. Hastermann, A. Hostermann, A. Hopkins, W. Hammer, J. Hanson, G. Hammerberg, P. Hult, N. Hein, A. Hogstadt, K. Halverson, J. Horton, B. Hamblett, G.T. Herman, T. Healton, A. Hewit, A. Hamen, H. Hansen, C. Herrmann, R. Hellriegel, A. Hult, A. Hamlet, F. Huter, H. Hildebrand, F. Namann, A. Henseler, A. Hartwig, F. Haueter, J. Hahn, HMdb.org, H. Hoy, C. Hutchins, J. Halgren, J. Henricks, G. Ives, G. Ittel, D. Justus, P. Justus, J. Johnson, L. Johnson, M. Johnson, D. Justus, J.A. Johnson, T. Johnson, J.L. Johnson, A. Johnson, N. Johnson, N. Jacobson, C. Johnson, D. Johnson, J. Justus, H. Johnson, E. Jetzer, J.C. Johnson, J. Juely, S. Johnson, J.B. Johnson, A. Jones, J. Kinney, C. Karcher, H. Kimple, W. Kittelmann, G. Kaler, J. Keister, H. Kohler, H. Krause, E. Kunze, C. Kiesel, B. Kuntz, C. Klammer, G. Kader, J. Kerrott, M. Klock, L. Klos, C. Kingsly, C. Krause, C. Krueger, G. Krug, P. Kinney, H. Kohle, A. Klammer, P. Klever, M. Kessler, T. Knott, E. Kahler, J. Kraienbring, H. Kuntz, F. Krieger, A. Kowalke, G. Lattemer, J. Larson, F. Lindquist, E. Larson, A. Larson, J. Livingston, H. Loegering, F. Lutz, H. Lukan, A. Livingston, G. Lake, A. Leach, C. Lobitz, S. Livingston, P. Lundquist, H. Lyman, S. Lindstrom, A. Leistigo, J. Lundberg, V. Landgraf, J. Long, A. Linn, A. Long, C. Larson, A. Magnuson, W. Maxwell, P. Martin, H. Mackenthun, E. Martin, G. Mc Kinley, H. Nc Kee, J. Monson, W. Mc Gee, F. Myers, E. Mann, G. Mapes, B. Mueller, T. Moonen, H. Moonen, A.G. Miller, E. Munger, W. Murray, A. Matson, A.H. Miller, T. Mayers, A. Moore, J. Mc Donald, R. Maurer, A. Morrison, N. Matson, E. Miller, J. Morris, J. Munger, J. Maxwell, F. Moy, J. Melchior, M. Maynard, N. Miller, A. Munter, S. Mellgren, Th. Mc Carty, C. Midgely, J. Mc Guire, G. Mather, J. Mellberg, J. Miller, C. Niehaus, W. Neumann, A. Nuhn, H. Neustel, N. Narr, Th. Olson, O. Omandson, R. Olson, G. Olson, N. Olson, O. Olson, B. Olson, S. Olson, J. Ostberg, J. Oberg, W. Palmer, L. Parks, W. Piper, S. Pool, A. Prent, M. Parks, A. Parrot.

N. Peterson, S. Peterson, M. Peterson, O. Paulson, D. Parks, A. Peterson, P. Paderson, J. Paulson, G. Plocher, J. Peterson, J. Piper, A.W. Peterson, D. Pickhart, J. Pende, J.M. Pende, S. Pettijohn, C. Pierce, E. Pierce, P. Peterson, E. Powers, E. Peterson, N. Paton, J. Pierson, S. Person, W. Pluton, W. Quinn, E. Russel, O. Ruid, L. Ruid, A. Ritter, A. Rhode, I. Rogers, A. Renwans, H. Rene, W. Reese, C. Royle, J. Roth, M. Ryan, C. Reese, T. Reese, S. Reese, W. Romb, R. Randall, W. Rhode, F. Rhode, E. Reusse, C. Rehse, J. Retzer, C. Ruediger, N. Rachel, S. Reed, N. Rievers, L. Ruebelke, F. Remer, N. Richard, G. Ruid, J.A. Salter, G. Schultheis, R. Seidel, C. Schulz, G. Schmidt, J. Staly, T. Sharrew, A. Smedberg, J. Swanson, J. Schacker, F. Seifert, M. Steger, A.M. Swanson, W. Siegel, E. Schrimpf, W. Schroeder, N. Schoenborn, F. Schubert, C. Schlenz, L. Stein, C. Schmalz, W. Schilling, S. Swanson, W. Steinhorst, B. Steiner, C. Smith, J. Sandheim, F. Schlechter, C. Schilling, J. Schlechter, P. Schaeffer, A. Stenzel, V. Stolz, A. Stenberg, E. Stone, J. Stock, M. Schauer, A. Swanson, E. Swanson, C. Sauter, F. Sauter, M. Scheitnagel, S. Skatt, J. Sauter, A. Salystrom, E. Schneider, H. Smith, J. Schaaf, E. Sauter, A. Soper, W. Seamons, F. Storrs, A. Stulz, J. Soper, J. Slack, J. Schoch, C. Steinkraus, H. Swenson, J. Schmalz, S. Sterner, F. Schappler, J. Sundine, J. Sundine, J. Schmed, J. Siems, W. Sarver, W. Seaman, B. Schmidt, W. Schug, L. Skoog, H. Seward, L. Schaefer, J. Schell, F. Stier, F. Stockmann, D. Sheron, J. Smith, A. Thompson, J. Talbert, J. Torbenson, B. Thurstenson, N. Thomson, T. Thorbitson, J. Thumbul, R. Teich, I. Trumbul, C. Tolksdorf, F. Volkenant, J. Van Buren, A. Vogel, H. Verrufen, F. Vahl, C. Walquist, P. Watson, A. Wicket, F. Worth, F. Wilson, G. Wilson, C. Wisly, A. Williams, G. Wageman, B. Westman, H. Wildung, P. Wiest, J. Wauckey, J. Weber, J. Weinmann, U. Woods, O. Wilson, M. Wahl, A. Wallace, J. Wilson, W. Weckerle, G. Winter, S. Watson, O. Watrons, M. Wecksler, J. Walter, G. Walter, B. Walter, J. Willmann, J. Wood, N. Wood, A. Walter, J. Wenz, H. Well, M. Willmann, E. Wattson, J. Wessble, J. Yanke, A. Zimmermann, A. Zinke.

Roster of Jos. Frey Post, G. A. R. No. 61.
G. Braun, C. Behner, R. Erhard, F. Gatz, G. Henk, A. Kohler, J. Karls, G. Lehrke, F. Peitz, M. Schadegg, J. Scheible, Fr. Scheible, J. Simon, L. Sutheimer, Ph. Sutheimer, S. Swanberg, M. Tester, J. Wessbecher, M. Wessel, C. Happ.

Roster of J. C. Becht Post, No. 160.
C.W. Bachmann, A.W. Tiffany, J. Truwe, B. Goodridge, A. Losch, H. Etzel, H. Klanke, H. Hess, J. Plackner, J. Willmschen, M. Willmschen, J. Schupp, C. Dietzel, J.H. Thomas, H. Lindert, J. Smith, W. Smith, W. Engelen, G. Kossack, S. Truwe, H. Fabel, J. Boehler, G. Westermann, A. Splettstoesser, J. Truwe, G. Mannteufel, J. Schwarzkopf, F. Lindert, J. Bitzer, M. Herrmann, H. Bruckschen, B. Walter, T. R. May, N. Heurion, John Weinmann.

Monumental Bronze Co. Bridgeport, Ct.

Roster of E. Hainlin Post, No. 70.
C. O. Teas, D. Trent, C. G. Hilsren, L. Krause, C. Single, V. Heck, F. Lueders, F. Acker, F. H. Edwards, I. S. Bryant, A. Widekin, J. E. Schramm, J. Mara, J. Rader, Ernest Hainlin, W. St. John, J. Meyer, G. Goetze, R. Kuntz, S. Murphy, W. Rader, Fr. Schaumburg, J. G. Edwards, J. G. Nystrom, Fr. Iltis, S. Kempf, E. Moers, P. Church, W. Mara.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 13 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Front Door of Gadsby's Tavern

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Virginia, Alexandria
This Doorway was returned to Gadsby's Tavern From the Metropolitan Museum by Charles Beatty Moore, Colonel. U.S.A. Retired (1881-1951) in 1949 by the Alexandria Assocation. 1949 marked the Bicentennial of Alexandria's Founding.

(Colonial Era • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of the Ireland School

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Texas, Coryell County, Ireland
School classes were first conducted in a church tabernacle when Ireland was founded in 1911. The town was platted on the Coryell-Hamilton County line and named for Texas Governor John Ireland (1827-1896). A wooden frame school was erected in 1914, and in 1921 five acres were purchased at this site for a new two-story brick school building. Peak enrollment occurred in 1940 when thirty students graduated. All grades were taught here until 1943 when high school classes moved to the Jonesboro and Evant Schools. This school closed in 1964, and the building was demolished in 1984. Texas Sesquicentennial 1836 - 1986

(Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Humble Lodge No. 979, A.F. & A.M.

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Texas, Harris County, Humble
Near the turn of the century, the town of Humble was home to many Masons who were members of lodges located in nearby towns. With the help of local Justice of the Peace F. K. Wise, Humble area Masons organized their own lodge in 1908. Humble State Bank president and future Texas Governor Ross Sterling (1875-1949) provided meeting facilities in the bank building which formerly stood at this site. After the bank burned in 1912, the Masons bought the property and built a new lodge hall. The Masons have been active in civic programs over the years.

(Fraternal or Sororal Organizations) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

City of Humble

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Texas, Harris County, Humble
A pioneer oil boom town. Originated as crossroads community named for settler Pleasant Smith Humble (1835?-1912), who lived here before 1889, hewing his timber into railroad ties, mining gravel from his land, keeping store, and serving as justice of the peace. Neighbors included the Bender, Durdin, Isaacks, Lee, Slaughter, and Williams families. Economic bases were farms and sawmills. The post office opened 1902.

In 1904 C. E. Barrett (1866-1926) drilled for oil in this area, securing small production on Moonshine Hill. On Jan. 7, 1905, he brought in the No. 2 Beaty Well which yielded 8,500 barrels a day, opening the great boom. From a village of 700, Humble grew at once into a town of 20,000. Field production-- the largest in Texas for the year 1905-- was 15,594,923 barrels of oil. The field was named for the town. A group of its operators, including Ross S. Sterling, later (1931-33) governor of Texas, in 1911 incorporated a new oil company named for the field, thus spreading into the annals of world commerce the town's name.

Production from several strata here exceeded the total for fabulous Spindletop by 1946. Known as the greatest salt dome field, Humble still produces and the town for which it was named continued to thrive.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fletcher and Donley Stage Station

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Texas, Hemphill County, Canadian
A rest stop in the 1870s and 80s on military and stage line. Serviced wagon trains, buffalo hide caravans, and cattle herds. Was also mail pick-up station.

Former buffalo hunter-scout Ed Fletcher ran the station. His partners were Jimmie Donley (the head cook) and Tobe Robinson. All had been Indian fighters.

Station consisted of a log cabin with a sod roof (where springtime flowers grew) and 2 other buildings. A brush arbor shaded cabin door and a pump stood nearby. First election in the area that became Hemphill County was held here in 1882.

(Settlements & Settlers • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Buffalo Wallow Battle Ground

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Texas, Hemphill County, Canadian
Here on September 12th, 1874 two scouts and four soldiers defeated 125 Kiowa and Comanche Indians

Scouts
William Dixon
Amos Chapman

Soldiers
Sergeant ZT Woodall Co I
Peter Rath Co A
John Harrington Co H
George W Smith Co M 6th Cavalry

Stand silent heroes here have been
who cleared the way for other men.

Erected by Panhandle-Plains Historical
Society. September 12th 1925
This site marked under direction of
J.J. Long, Mobeetie, Texas
Mrs. William Dixon, Miami, Texas.

(Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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