British Columbia, Victoria
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This magnificent estate, residence of the Crown's representatives in British Columbia, is a cultural landscape that boasts a long and remarkable association with this high office. In 1865 the government of the colony purchased Cary Castle, a house located on this site, to serve as the residence of the governor of Vancouver Island. When British Columbia entered Confederation in 1871, Cary Castle became the home to the province's lieutenant governors. The present structure, built in 1957-1959, is the third official residence to occupy the site. Its porte-cochere is a link with the past, in that it was part of the previous building destroyed by fire. The grounds of the estate, originally laid out in the early 20th century under a succession of lieutenant governors, include Picturesque gardens that are constantly evolving, a fine shaded pond, mature trees and a rare Garry Oak ecosystem. The outbuildings, known as the Mews and constructed between 1872 and 1903, are reminders of how a great estate was run in the 19th century. The rich mosaic of varying landscapes gives a charm to an estate that is a notable part of the history of British Columbia.
Ce magnifique domaine, lieu de résidence des représentants de la Couronne en Colombie-Britannique, constitue un paysage culturel qui se distingue par une longue et remarquable association à cette haute fonction. Dès 1865, le gouvernement de la colonie y acquiert une maison, baptisée Cary Castle, pour loger les gouverneurs de l'Île de Vancouver. Lorsque la Colombie-Britannique adhère à la Confédération en 1871, Cary Castle devient la résidence des lieutenants-gouverneurs de la province. L'acutelle demeure, bâtie en 1957-1959, est la troisième résidence officielle à occuper les lieux; la présence de la porte cochère, provenant de la maison précédente détruite dans un incendie, assure un lien avec la passé. Les terrains, aménagés à partir du début du XXe siècle grâce à l'initiative de plusieurs lieutenants-gouverneurs, comprennent des jardins de caractère pittoresque en constante évolution, un bel étang ombragé, de grands arbres matures et un précieux écosystème de chênes de Garry. Les communs construits entre 1872 et 1903 rappellent le mode de vie propre à une grande demeure au XIXe siècle. Cette riche mosaïque de paysages variés confère un cachet à ce domaine si étroitement lié à l'histoire de la Colombie-Britannique.
(Politics) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.
This magnificent estate, residence of the Crown's representatives in British Columbia, is a cultural landscape that boasts a long and remarkable association with this high office. In 1865 the government of the colony purchased Cary Castle, a house located on this site, to serve as the residence of the governor of Vancouver Island. When British Columbia entered Confederation in 1871, Cary Castle became the home to the province's lieutenant governors. The present structure, built in 1957-1959, is the third official residence to occupy the site. Its porte-cochere is a link with the past, in that it was part of the previous building destroyed by fire. The grounds of the estate, originally laid out in the early 20th century under a succession of lieutenant governors, include Picturesque gardens that are constantly evolving, a fine shaded pond, mature trees and a rare Garry Oak ecosystem. The outbuildings, known as the Mews and constructed between 1872 and 1903, are reminders of how a great estate was run in the 19th century. The rich mosaic of varying landscapes gives a charm to an estate that is a notable part of the history of British Columbia.Ce magnifique domaine, lieu de résidence des représentants de la Couronne en Colombie-Britannique, constitue un paysage culturel qui se distingue par une longue et remarquable association à cette haute fonction. Dès 1865, le gouvernement de la colonie y acquiert une maison, baptisée Cary Castle, pour loger les gouverneurs de l'Île de Vancouver. Lorsque la Colombie-Britannique adhère à la Confédération en 1871, Cary Castle devient la résidence des lieutenants-gouverneurs de la province. L'acutelle demeure, bâtie en 1957-1959, est la troisième résidence officielle à occuper les lieux; la présence de la porte cochère, provenant de la maison précédente détruite dans un incendie, assure un lien avec la passé. Les terrains, aménagés à partir du début du XXe siècle grâce à l'initiative de plusieurs lieutenants-gouverneurs, comprennent des jardins de caractère pittoresque en constante évolution, un bel étang ombragé, de grands arbres matures et un précieux écosystème de chênes de Garry. Les communs construits entre 1872 et 1903 rappellent le mode de vie propre à une grande demeure au XIXe siècle. Cette riche mosaïque de paysages variés confère un cachet à ce domaine si étroitement lié à l'histoire de la Colombie-Britannique.
(Politics) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.
This picturesque building is one of the finest expressions in wood of the Gothic Revival style in Canada. It was constructed in 1875 for the Reformed Episcopal church in Victoria by the Reverend Edward Cridge. Architect John Teague enhanced the building's Gothic character by exploiting the advantages of board-and-batten siding to reinforce the vertical thrust of its pointed roof, pinnacles and spire. Inside, a Gothic hammer beam ceiling spans the broad open space to provide an unbroken view of the apse and pulpit.
A career Imperial civil servant, Anthony Musgrave served as governor of Newfoundland (1864 - 69) and British Columbia (1869 - 71). Both terms of office were marked by a strong personal effort to encourage the two colonies to unite with the new Canadian confederation, and it was under his direction that British Columbia entered the Dominion on July 20, 1871, Musgrave was knighted in 1875, subsequently held vice-regal office in Natal, South Australia, Jamaica and Queensland where he died.
Built for coal magnate Robert Dunsmuir, Craigdarroch symbolized the desire of late 19th-century industrialists to assert their social position through conspicuous displays of wealth. Completed in 1890, the eclectic mansion features exquisite detailing in stone, stained glass, wrought iron and fine woods. Designers, craftsmen and materials were drawn from all over North America, marking a new age in construction made possible by transcontinental rail systems. This imposing landmark is among the largest and most ornate 19th-century mansions in Western Canada.
Born into a family of Ayrshire coalmasters, Robert Dunsmuir achieved renown as a leading Canadian businessman. He developed the Wellington Mine near Nanaimo, which soon made him one of the richest men in Canada and, through his labour practices, one of the most controversial. Dunsmuir's commercial empire expanded to include railways, shipping, lumbering and iron works. Dunsmuir was elected to the British Columbia legislature for Nanaimo in 1882, and named president of the Executive Council in 1886. He died before the completion of his imposing mansion, Craigdarroch Castle.
The Congregation Emanu-El Synagogue was built in 1863, just five years after the arrival if the first members of Victoria's Jewish community during the Fraser River gold rush period. Its opening was widely celebrated in Victoria for, despite their small numbers, members of the congregation played leading roles in the social, economic and political life of both the town and the colony. The oldest surviving synagogue in Canada, the building is a testament to the devotion and resourcefulness of its founders, as well as a rare example of the 19th century Romanesque style synagogue architecture in Canada.
This imposing brick roundhouse is a particularly fine example of an industrial structure associated with the steam railway era in Canada. Built in 1913, the ten-stall roundhouse with attached machine, boiler and blacksmith's shops is part of a remarkably well-preserved railway yard that also includes a car shop and stores building. The roundhouse complex served the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway long after the introduction of the diesel locomotive in 1949 and the railway's operational relocation to Nanaimo in the 1950s. This site is an important reminder of Canada's rich railway heritage.
To seaward lies an anchorage or roadstead first used in 1790 by the Spanish and named in 1846 for its location between Albert Head and Victoria. Unloading place for large vessels serving Victoria in days of sail, it was once a scene of disaster. On April 1, 1883, a southeasterly gale swept the haven, beaching the ships Southern Chief, Gettysburg, Connaught, and Tiger.
The dark layers of Picture Gorge were formed from seventeen distinct floods of lava flowing from nearby cracks in the earth. These basalt flows joined with others covering much of eastern Washington and Oregon, and northern Idaho, beginning about 16 million years ago. Powerful forces have since broken and tilted the land. Erosion has shaped it, the river cutting this gorge.
Kloochman Rock is a volcanic "intrusion" composed of what is called a "pyroxene-rich andesite." Intrusions are created when molten volcanic material is pushed up into a fissure or crack where it cools and hardens. Andesite is a relatively hard fine grained material and the pyroxenes are seen as crystals within the andesitic rock. Over time – in this case millions of years – the surrounding softer material eroded away, leaving the feature you see today.
Erected in Memory
The Black Hills Central Railroad has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior 1893
The Civilian Conservation Corps established a camp here during the Great Depression of the 1930s to make improvements to the park. This camp employed 200 men at a time and provided much needed jobs and training. Over an eight-year period, the young men helped build this visitor center, built concrete stairs in the cave, and helped sink the 212-foot elevator shaft. They also graded roadsides, planted trees, built trails, and served as fire lookouts. Besides room, board, and clothing, they received $30 a month, most of which was sent home to their families. Many of the buildings in this area are now listed on the National Register of Historic Places-a tribute to the CCC’s enduring work.
All Black Hills caves have formed in this layer 300 to 600 feet thick. Originally it was laid down on a shallow seabottom about 300 million years ago. Its name derives from the Lakota word meaning "Black Hills".
The Tiger Company was one of three volunteer fire companies dedicated to protecting Victoria's growing business district during the late 1800s. By the 1870s, there was a need to replace the Tiger's original fire hall on Johnson Street but it was not until November 1880 that the company moved into a new fire hall built on the southwest corner of Victoria City Hall. The entrance to the fire hall was located at the arched doorway just around the corner from where you are now standing.
Fort Laramie was perhaps the single most important location in America’s expansion into the west. Founded in 1834 as a trading post, it became a military fort in 1849. Until it closed in 1890, Fort Laramie influenced major events in the history of the Trans-Mississippi West. From the eras of the fur trade, the Oregon Trail and the Indian Wars, the fort served as an American foothold in a rapidly changing west.
This building was completed in 1884. It was built as a commissary storage facility. As such it would have been primarily divided into two large storerooms: one for meat and one for flour, rice, and beans. Three or four smaller rooms would have been used as offices, an "issue room" and a storage room for canned goods. This building also had a partial cellar with a trap door for use with a hand-operated elevator, rations and other official army food items were issued from this building. A commissary officer and sergeant ran the operation.
The building before you is the only surviving enlisted men's barracks at Fort Laramie. The building proper was completed in late 1874 and was designed to provide quarters and other needed support facilities for two companies of soldiers, The veranda, although originally planned, was not added until 1883. As constructed the entire second floor was made up of only two equal, large rooms. These were the company dormitory bays or squad rooms where the enlisted soldiers lived. Each could house about sixty soldiers or one company. On the first floor below each squad room, the building was divided into a kitchen, messroom, cook's room, storage room, wash room, library, armory and orderly room for the N.C.O.'s and non-commissioned officers room.
The Rustic Hotel opened in 1876. During that year it probably provided the best accommodations for travelers between Cheyenne and the Black Hills. It also served as a station for the Cheyenne-Black Hills Stage and Express Line. By 1883, when this photograph was taken, one lady found “horrid little bugs” in the sheets. Three years later the stage station corrals were polluting the water supply and had to be removed.
