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Bunker Hill Covered Bridge

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North Carolina, Catawba County, near Claremont
County commissioners, in 1894, called local land owners to build and maintain a bridge across Lyles Creek. In response, landowners hired the services of Andy J. Ramsour, keeper of Horse Ford covered bridge over the Catawba River, at Hickory. In 1895, Ramsour, along with Eli Kale, George Moller, Cain Bost, and Electious Connor, built the bridge according to a design Ramsour probably found in a popular book on bridge building. Originally built as an open span, it was covered five years after initial construction.

Bunker Hill Bridge was part of Island Ford Road (a former Indian Trail), which had remained important throughout the state's western development. During the colonial period, the road served as a route to transport British prisoners of war after the 1781 Battle of Cowpens. "The Morgan army, with hundreds of prisoners and captured horses and wagons, stretched more than two miles as it approached the Island Ford." By the middle of the 20th century, the road became a major thoroughfare, as US Hwy 64/70.

The name Bunker Hill comes from the local Bunker Hill Farm operated by the descendents of the Staford and Lawrence families since the early 1800s. The bridge is also near the site of an early post office of the same name.

The bridge is made of oak with trunnels (wooden pins) instead of nails. The roof was originally covered with wooden shingles. It was replaced with tin in 1921. A major restoration in 1994, by the firm Arnold Graton and Sons of New Hampshire has stabilized the structure.

At least 10 covered bridges existed in Catawba County during the 19th century. Many were destroyed in the floods of 1916 and 1940; others were phased out of use by the state legislature's Good Rods Movement of the 1920s. Today there are only two covered bridges in North Carolina (Catawba and Randolph Counties).

(Bridges & Viaducts • Roads & Vehicles • War, US Revolutionary) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Herman Haupt

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North Carolina, Catawba County, near Claremont
In 1862, the Secretary of War called on Haupt to assist in the reconstruction of railroads destroyed by retreating Confederates. Haupt was able to both rebuild the rail system and organize an efficient rail operation to resupply the Union. In nine days, using troop labor, Haupt rebuilt the Potomac Creek Bridge which had originally taken one year to build. Visiting the site of Haupt's astounding accomplishment, President Lincoln reported to his cabinet that the bridge was "The most remarkable structure that eyes ever rested upon. That man Haupt has built a bridge across Potomac Creek, about 400 feet long and nearly 100 feet high, over which loaded trains are running every hour, and, upon my words, Gentlemen, there's nothing in it but bean poles and cornstalks."

Herman Haupt, 1817-1905
After graduating from West Point, Herman Haupt went to work for the railroad industry. Haupt rapidly rose in the profession. During the Civil War, Haupt served as Chief of Construction and Transportation for the US Military Railroad System. After the war, he served as General Manager/Chief Engineer of the Shenandoah Valley, the Richmond and Danville, and the Northern Pacific Railroads, and as President of the Dakota and Great Southern Railroad.

The Bunker Hill covered bridge is the only remaining example in the world of the Haupt Truss in wood.

In 1851, Haupt published General Theory of Bridge Construction, detailing his patent (Dec. 27, 1839, Improving on the Lattice Truss). Haupt wanted to discover formulae for determining weight distribution and capacities of bridges. His book detailing his discoveries of a decade earlier became a standard civil engineering text at the main engineering schools of the era.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Science & Medicine • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Highway of Exploration

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Minnesota, Anoka County, Anoka

The Rum and the Mississippi were highways for the earliest recorded European explorers of Minnesota. Many explorers traveled past The Point and some may have camped here including Radission, Hennepin, Du Luth, Pike, Faribault and Nicollet.

Father Louis Hennepin canoed by The Point in July of 1680 as a captive of the Dakota and again in August of 1680 in the company of Daniel Sieur Du Lhut.

In November of 1767 Jonathan Carver stopped at The Point. He is credited with naming the Rum River from a faulty translation of the Dakota words meaning "spirit river" which flowed out of "spirit lake" or Mille Lacs.

In 1836 explorer Joseph N. Nicollet stood at The Point looking down the Mississippi River and recorded this in his diary: "We stopped here so that I could make a geographical reading at this confluence while breakfast was being prepared. The site is charming. The view is unobstructed on the left bank, which is higher than the densely wooded right bank. There is an endless prairie on one side and an impenetrable forest on the other; obvious sterility on the left, seeming fertility on the right. It looks as if one part awaits the plow and the spade, the other the ax and fire."

(Exploration • Native Americans • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Antigua Guatemala UNESCO World Heritage Site

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Guatemala, Sacatepéquez, La Antigua Guatemala
La Antigua Guatemala
Santiago de Guatemala
Trazada en 1543, Capital del Reino de Guatemala hasta su traslado en 1775.

Declarada patrimonio de la humanidad e incluida en la lista de la Convención del Patrimonio Cultural Mundial de UNESCO, con el número 65.

Luxor, Egipto 1979. La Antigua Guate 1985.

English translation:
La Antigua, Guatemala, Santiago de Guatemala Established in 1543, the capital of the Kingdom of Guatemala until being moved in 1775. Declared as global patrimony and included in the World Heritage List of UNESCO, number 65. Luxor, Egypt 1979. La Antigua, Guatemala 1985.

(Landmarks) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

St. Mary's Mission

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Kansas, Linn County, near Centerville


Sugar Creek Mission
1839 - 1849
Potawatomi Settlement
after a forced march from
Northern Indiana
A Journey Called
"Trail of Death"

(Charity & Public Work • Churches, Etc. • Native Americans) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kanza Indian Site?

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Kansas, Linn County, near Centerville


The rock lined pits in this area pre-date the arrival of the Potawatomi Indians. Theories are that they may have been used for seed or food storage. The rocks here are shaped differently than any other in the area and their origin is uncertain. It is not clear if the Potawatomie used the pits but they did build on the site. Located in this area were Rosary beads, an 1810 American coin, religious medals dated 1830 with French & Latin inscriptions, glazed European pottery with Roman & Grecian themes, children's school slates & writing tools, clay and stone marbles, a pewter spoon, Indian beads made of turkey quills and bone, a thimble and straight pins, a stylus for writing, surgical scissors, square nails, locks, lead rifle balls, animal bones with charcoal, and numerous other items. A fire place foundation indicates that there was a building here.

Archeologist in charge Henry J. Roeckers

(Man-Made Features • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lake Street and Young Street

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New York, Niagara County, Wilson
Young Street and Lake Street. This large cobblestone building was built in 1844 as the home of Luther Wilson. Luther was the eldest child of Reuben Wilson, the founder of our town. In 1890, the families of Luther Wilson and his son Reuben F. Wilson held a double funeral in the parlor of this home, as the father and son had died five days apart. The home became the Wilsonian Club in the 1920's and later, a restaurant following World War II.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First School House

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New York, Niagara County, Wilson
First School House Built on This Site in 1820. Almira Welch, First Teacher.

(Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Official End Of World War I

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New Jersey, Somerset County, Raritan
On this site stood the estate of U.S. Senator Joseph S. Frelinghuysen. It was here, on July 2, 1921, that President Warren G. Harding signed a joint congressional resolution that officially ended World War I.

(War, World I) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of Log House Built in 1818 by Reuben Wilson

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New York, Niagara County, Wilson
Site of Log House Built in 1818 by Reuben Wilson Founder of the Town of Wilson

(Notable Buildings • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Nicholas J. Clayton

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Texas, Galveston County, Galveston
A native of Ireland, Nicholas Joseph Clayton emigrated to Ohio with his widowed mother in the early 1840s. After serving in the Union navy during the Civil War, he joined the Memphis architectural firm of Jones and Baldwin. In 1872 he was sent to Galveston to supervise construction of two company projects, the First Presbyterian Church and the Tremont Hotel. Attracted by the city's vitality and growth, he stayed to open his own architectural office.

A tireless worker noted for his bold style, attention to detailing, and professionalism, Clayton designed elaborate churches, commercial structures and homes throughout Texas and the South. His most significant contribution, however, was his influence on Galveston's architecture. From the 1870s to the early twentieth century, a period known as the city's golden era, his distinctive style was dominant.

Examples of Clayton's work which still exist include the Walter Gresham House (Bishop's Palace), Ashbel Smith Building (Old Red), W. L. Moody Building, and the Trueheart-Adriance Building in Galveston; St. Mary's Cathedral and St. Edward's College (Old Main) in Austin; R. E. Stafford Bank and opera house in Columbus; and Sacred Heart Church in Palestine.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

World War II Memorial

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Alabama, Elmore County, Wetumpka
Dedicated by
Alabama Mills, Inc.
In honor of those who served so gallantly
In World War II 1941-1945
and
In memory of the following
who made the supreme sacrifice
R.D. Leonard • Herman Johnson
George Brown • W.E. Holcomb

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Independence County Office and Library

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Arkansas, Independence County, Batesville
This building was constructed in 1904 by the federal government for the U.S. Postal Office and the Batesville division of federal court for the Eastern District of Arkansas and was in use by the federal agencies until 1974 when a new building was built a block south. The building was purchased for Independence County in 1975 by Judge Jess Carpenter and converted to use for the library and county offices.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Batesville During The Civil War

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Arkansas, Independence County, Batesville
Union soldiers occupied Batesville twice during the Civil War. Gen. Samuel Curtis's Army of the Southwest camped near this site in May 1862 while threatening Little Rock. Union troops were impressed with the town's culture and appearance, saying that "a more lovely place cannot be found anywhere." Confederate forces then occupied the area, using the same campsite, until Col. R. R. Livingston's Union troops used Batesville as a base from which to pacify the region in spring 1864. Confederate troops returned to recruit troops for a Missouri invasion.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Arkansas Methodist Conference

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Arkansas, Independence County, Batesville
The Arkansas conference of the Methodist Church created 1836. Composing Arkansas and parts of Louisiana and Indian Territory, held its first session November 2, 1836 in Batesville at corner of Main and Broad Streets. Bishop Thomas Morris presided. 42 ministers were assigned appointments, including 8 admitted that session one of whom was Andrew Hunter Burwell Lee was made presiding elder and ministered in this section 43 years. Including early pastorates of the first Methodist Church here. Annual sessions have been held since organization. There now being two conferences in the state - North Arkansas and Little Rock.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lafferty Memorial Church

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Arkansas, Independence County, Batesville
Lafferty disbanded in 1969 and its members requested the church at 8th and Neeley be sold and funds divided between Philander Smith College and the First United Methodist Church of Batesville. The known history of Lafferty, organized in the Methodist Episcopal Church, dates from 1870 when trustees, one being Elisha Baxter who became governor of Arkansas in 1872, purchased a lot for the church at 3rd and Boswell. The church was moved to 8th and Neeley in 1917. Mrs. Benita Smily and David Pope who attended Lafferty became the first Negro memebers of the First United Methodist in Batesville.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Gen. Basil W. Duke, C.S.A. - Basil W. Duke (1838-1916)

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Kentucky, Scott County, Georgetown
Obverse

Gen. Basil W. Duke, C.S.A.

A close associate of brother-in-law John Hunt Morgan, Duke provided tactics, discipline, and spirit, major elements of success of famous 2nd Ky. Cavalry. Wounded in battle twice, 1862; captured July 1863 in Ind.-Ohio raid; exchanged August 1864. After Morgan's death, Basil Duke appointed to command brigade. Later led part of the escort for Jefferson Davis in April-May 1865.

Reverse

Basil W. Duke (1838-1916) - Scott County native Basil Duke-attorney, politician, and author-is most noted for Civil War service to Confederacy. Admitted to bar in 1858, he began law practice in St. Louis. After Civil War he settled in Louisville. Elected to Ky. House of Rep. Duke led powerful railroad lobby and was bitter enemy of Wm. Goebel. Writings include History of Morgan's Cavalry. Buried Lexington.

(Politics • Settlements & Settlers • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Remember the Raisin!

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Kentucky, Scott County, Georgetown
Rendezvous of Kentucky Volunteers, Aug. 15, 1812, ordered to relieve Gen. Hull at Detroit. Kentuckians took Frenchtown (Monroe) on Raisin River Jan. 18, 1813. Four days later enemy attacked-killed, massacred, wounded, or captured all but 30. Of 1050 men not half reached home. Ky. counties named for officers: Allen, Ballard, Graves, Hart, Hickman, Edmonson, McCracken, Meade, Simpson.

(Native Americans • War of 1812) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Coldstream Farm

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Kentucky, Fayette County, Lexington
Famous Kentucky horse farm. Known earlier as McGrathiana. The home of Aristides, the first winner of the Kentucky Derby.

(Animals • Sports) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Ellerslie

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Kentucky, Fayette County, Lexington
The home which stood on this site from 1787 to 1947 was built by Levi Todd (1756-1807), who named it for his ancestral village in Scotland. He was one of a party of hunters who named Lexington in 1775; first Fayette County clerk; aide to George Rogers Clark, 1779, Kaskaskia Expedition; Maj., Battle Blue Licks; trustee, Transylvania; grandfather of Mary Todd Lincoln.

(Education • Native Americans • Settlements & Settlers • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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