Le Sueur

May 25, 2013, 11:08 pm

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Minnesota, Le Sueur County, Le Sueur
Named for Pierre Charles Le Sueur, French explorer who passed the site in 1700. This town on the old Red River trail includes two towns, Le Sueur and Le Sueur City which were laid out in 1852-53 on Prairie Le Fleche about a mile apart. Consolidation and incorporation occurred by legislative act in 1867.

seal of State of Minnesota Department of Highways
seal of The Minnesota Historical Society, Instituted 1849

(Exploration • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

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489th Bomb Group

May 26, 2013, 6:13 am

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Georgia, Chatham County, Pooler

Commander: Col. Ezekiel W. Napier
Dep Commander: Lt. Col. Leon R. Vance
Medal Of Honor

Dedicated to all who served with the
489th and a memorial to those of the
group who gave their lives in the cause
of freedom and human dignity

World War II
Halesworth, England

(Base)
Squadrons   Squadrons
     844th           846th  
   845th           847th

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 14 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Fine Country...

May 26, 2013, 6:43 am

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Kansas, Ford County, near Howell


"Long ago the Arapahoes had a fine country of their own. The white man came to see them, and the Indians gave him buffalo meat and a horse to ride on...the country was big enough for the white man and the Arapahoes, too...The government sent agents and soldiers out there...and both have driven us from our lands. We do not want to fight."
Chief Little Raven, 1871

We became more circumspect in our wanderings, and the wagons loitered not behind; for the dreaded Camanche [sic] and Pawnee claim the region over which we were journeying.
Lewis Garrard, 1847

Tension in the Homelands
While Santa Fe Trail traders saw this arid land as isolated, Plains Indians saw it as home. Cheyenne, Apache, Kiowa-Apaches, and Arapahoe Indians roamed here. Through war and cooperation, the various tribes defined their home territories.

As more and more Santa Fe Trail travelers passed through the lands of the Plains Indians, an uneasy tension developed. Although Mexicans, Americans, and Plains Indians traded with and married one another, trouble could arise at any time. Friendly trade, wary suspicion, plunder, or bloodshed could result from any encounter.

End of Isolation
Soldiers and temporary fortifications protected trading caravans as early as 1847, but isolation and lack of supplies led to their abandonment by 1854. Fort Dodge, established in 1865, was the area's first permanent fort.

With the permanent fort came increased numbers of traders and settlers. When combined with a new railroad and a strong military presence, this pushed Plains Indians into the territories of other tribes. Facing the loss of bison and other migrating wildlife, Plains Indians found their survival jeopardized. Eventually consigned to reservations, it became impossible to live the traditional way of life.

[Bottom background photo caption reads] Fort Dodge was established in 1865. Sketch by Theodore Davis for Harper's Weekly. Courtesy of Boot Hill Museum.

(Forts, Castles • Man-Made Features • Native Americans • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Santa Fe Trail, 1821 - 1880

May 26, 2013, 7:23 am

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Kansas, Ford County, near Howell


Eighteen Miles a Day
Hundreds of freight wagons laden with trade items once lumbered by here, passing just uphill from where you are standing. Large caravans took six to ten weeks to travel the 900 miles between Mexico (present-day New Mexico) and Missouri - advancing 18 to 21 miles each day. For 60 years the Santa Fe Trail linked the Eastern states and the Southwest together, fostering cooperation and conflict among U.S. citizens, Mexicans, and Plains Indians whose lands the trail crossed.

An International Freight Road
The Arkansas River, to the south, was an international boundary between Spain and the United States. The Spanish had long prohibited its territorial settlers from trading and manufacturing. When Mexico gained her independence in 1821, her people eagerly greeted the first American traders. Mexicans and Americans soon participated in a lively and profitable international trade.

A National Road
In 1846, U.S. troops traveled the trail to invade and seize Mexico and the Southwest during the Mexican-American War. Two years later the war ended, and the international boundary moved closer to its present-day location, making the Santa Fe Trail a national road. Military freighting increased as army posts were established to protect trail travelers. By the 1860s, the railroad began to push farther westward, replacing the trail as it went, until it reached Santa Fe in 1880.

Santa Fe Trail ruts are still visible here. Walk the path leading up the hill and look for long, wide depressions, vegetation changes, and water courses running at odd angles. The path crosses the historic trail at each boardwalk.

[Illustration caption read]
Cloth, hardware, notions, and even canaries were shipped from Missouri and Kansas to New Mexico. Wool and silver coins were hauled to the United States - along with Mexican jacks and jennets, which provided the parent stock for the famous "Missouri mule."



(Industry & Commerce • Native Americans • Roads & Vehicles • War, Mexican-American) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Santa Fe Trail Sites to the East

May 26, 2013, 9:19 pm

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Kansas, Ford County, near Howell


Unlike the emigrant trails that took travelers west to Utah, Oregon, and California, the Santa Fe Trail mainly handled commercial traffic moving east and west.

When Santa Fe became part of the United States in 1848 after the Mexican-American War, trade barriers were removed and traffic increased.

The need for the trail ended with the arrival of the railroad in Santa Fe in 1880. Today the Santa Fe Trail is designated a national historic trail by the United States Congress. There are many opportunities along its length to see ruts left by the wheels of the wagon trains.

Network of Trade
The Santa Fe Trail linked a system of international trading routes. Goods heading east were transported on rivers and canals to reach the ports of New York City and New Orleans. El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro connected Santa Fe to Chihuahua, Mexico, and sites farther south.

First Trip Across the Plains
Henry made his first trip across the plains on the Trail in 1838 and yearly after that and made friends with Indian Chiefs along the Trail...they looked upon him as a great man. It was his fearlessness and his remarkable strength of character and vitality that appealed to the Indians, therefore the wagons bearing the name H. Mayer & Company were never molested.
Rebecca Mayer, 1852

Caches Monument
Near here in 1822, a blizzard stopped Santa Fe-bound traders. They dug holes, buried, and stored (cached) their goods until they returned from Taos six months later. The holes remained until recent times and became the landmark known as the "Caches" on the trail.

100th Meridian Marker
The 100th degree of longitude long served as a boundary between nations: first between France and Spain; later as the boundary for the Louisiana Purchase between Spain and the U.S.; and finally between Mexico and the U.S. after 1821. Located in Dodge City, the meridian symbolizes the physical demarcation where the east ended and the west began.

Fort Dodge
Fort Dodge, founded in 1865, protected the Santa Fe Trail. Previously used as a campsite by trail travelers, the fort sat at the junction of the wet and dry routes. Fort Dodge troops were also charged with the protection of stagecoaches, mail, and railroad construction crews. The fort was removed from service in 1882. Today the former fort serves as the Kansas State Soldiers Home.

Wet and Dry Routes Junction
From just west of Great Bend to this point, there were two major routes of the trail, the wet route and the dry route. The Wet Route ran closer to the Arkansas River and the Dry Route ran atop the ridge. Here they joined and multiple ruts are visible to the northeast of the marker.

Mulberry Creek Crossing
Visit this site to get a better understanding of what a river crossing entailed. An early and less used crossing of the Santa Fe Trail, Mulberry Creek meets the Arkansas River on its south side, near present-day Ford, Kansas.

Fort Larned National Historic Site
Active from 1859 to 1878, Fort Larned was a major military installation on the Santa Fe Trail. Nine of the 10 original stone buildings remain today. Visit one of the best preserved frontier military posts in the West, as well as on the entire Santa Fe Trail.

(Forts, Castles • Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Meade County

May 26, 2013, 9:53 pm

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Kansas, Meade County, Meade


The original Meade County Courthouse was built in 1888. Although the building was replaced in 1928, this old stone step and "1888" year carved in stone still mark where it stood.

(Charity & Public Work • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Pioneer Arena Club Women and Pioneer Settlers

May 26, 2013, 10:07 pm

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Kansas, Meade County, Meade


"To our pioneer club women and to our pioneer citizens, who builded better than they knew, we dedicate this marker which stands on the site of the old court-house, from which the dated stone was taken."
May 1941

(Charity & Public Work • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Tower Hill

May 26, 2013, 11:03 pm

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North Carolina, Lenoir County, near Kinston

Plantation of Gov. Dobbs,
selected as the colonial
capital & named George
City by act of assembly,
1758. Act was never
executed. 1 1/2 mi. S.

(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

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Goodrich Homestead

May 27, 2013, 6:34 am

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Illinois, McHenry County, Barrington Hills
In 1843 Ira C. Goodrich purchased this land from the United States Government. As an early settler to McHenry County, Goodrich founded the local school system, served as director and was road master. Farmsteads like this established by the early settlers set the stage for gentlemen farms where land use changed from agriculture for profit to agriculture for pleasure. Horse breeding and riding became an important part of life in Barrington Hills.

This site represents the evolution of land and buildings originally homesteaded in 1843 as traditional farm to its adaptation of a leisure farm in 1926 and is one of the last remaining from this era. The property includes the road on what was once an Indian trail providing early settlers entry into McHenry County.

In 1926 Chicago Tribune owner and philanthropist Alfred Cowles Jr. came here with his sons, Alfred 3rd, Knight and Thomas to enjoy this farm as their country retreat. Cowles was an attorney, Civic Federation and Bureau Efficiency president and director of Continental Bank of Chicago. The family created a Yale University foundation in 1928 with a gift of $350,000. Alfred Cowles 3rd was an American economist, an author and founder of the Cowles Commission for Economics, serving as president from 1932 to 1939. The headquarters was at the University of Chicago, but moved to Yale University in 1955 and renamed Cowles Foundation. Today, the foundation provides funding for research and study of economics. Subsequent owners of Plum Tree Farm continued with leisure farming activities.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

First Navy of the Republic of Texas

May 27, 2013, 6:38 am

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Texas, Galveston County, Galveston
Dedicated to the
First Navy of the Republic of Texas
Established by Governor Henry Smith
November 25th, 1835

The Fleet
Brutus • Independence
Liberty • Invincible

Commemorating the heroism of its
personnel
defenders of an empire

(War, Texas Independence • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 7 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Camp Barracks

May 27, 2013, 6:57 am

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Virginia, Shenandoah County, Fort Valley
Camp Roosevelt, NF-1 had six military style barracks where enrollees slept on iron cots. Each barracks held 48 young, poor and previously unemployed men. This is the site of Barracks A.

(Charity & Public Work • Horticulture & Forestry • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Brigham Young

May 27, 2013, 7:03 am

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New York, Cayuga County, Port Byron
The Mormon prophet lived in the house 100 yards east of here in 1831. He was baptized a Mormon in 1831 at Mendon, N.Y.

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Robert Fechner Memorial Forest

May 27, 2013, 7:04 am

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Virginia, Shenandoah County, Fort Valley
"By virtue of the authority vested in me as president of the United States...the Massanutten Unit of George Washington National Forest is hereby designated as the Robert Fechner Memorial Forest in honor of Robert Fechner, the first director of the Civilian Conservation Corps."

In March 1933, newly elected, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt faced national unemployment of 25%. Working quickly, Congress passed the Emergency Conservation Work legislation on March 31, 1933. One of the programs created from his legislation would later be called the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). This organization would work "to preserve our precious natural resources and, even more important, as a moral and spiritual boon to needy young Americans..." (FDR, 1933)

President Roosevelt chose Robert Fechner, an experienced and respected labor leader to organize and run this first new Deal Agency. Though Mr. Fechner knew little about conservation, his work in labor and industrial management provided him the administrative skills needed for his new position. His reputation for fairness, tact and patience greatly impressed President Roosevelt.

Under Robert Fechner's guidance, almost 2.4 million youths worked in the CCC to rehabilitate our nation's natural resources and learn much needed job skills. Fechner remained as director until his untimely death in 1939.

In 1940, the Forest Service proposed that the Massanuttan Unit including Camp Roosevelt, be established as a monument to honor the work of Robert Fechner.

The Secretary of Agriculture agreed and recommended that the Massanutten Unit be designated as the Robert Fechner Memorial Forest.

On February 5, 1941, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed this by Executive order No. 86731.

(Charity & Public Work • Industry & Commerce • Labor Unions • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Veterans and War Memorials

May 27, 2013, 7:21 am

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Kansas, Meade County, Meade


This memorial is dedicated to the men and women of Meade County who entered the Armed Services of our country while residents of Meade County.
—————————
Meade County Honor Roll

This memorial dedicated to honor those
valient [sic] men and women
who gave themselves in service
and sacrifice for God and Country
World War II

"Our heroes are those who act above and beyond the call of duty, and in so doing give definition to patriotism and elevate all of us...
America is a land of the free because we are the home of the brave."

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Port Of Bath

May 27, 2013, 7:37 am

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North Carolina, Beaufort County, Bath

Colony's first town,
incorporated March 8,
1705. Home to first
port of entry, 1716;
exported naval stores.


(Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

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Brown County Veterans Memorial

May 27, 2013, 9:48 am

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Minnesota, Brown County, New Ulm

Dedicated to All Brown County Veterans
This memorial is a lasting tribute to past, present and future veterans who served during peacetime and the following conflicts: Indian Wars 1817 - 1898 · Mexican War 1846 - 1848 · American Civil War 1861 - 1865 · Spanish American War 1898 - 1902 · World War I 1917 - 1918 · World War II 1940 - 1947 · Korean Conflict Jun 27 1950 - Jan 31 1955 · Vietnam Era Aug 5 1964 - May 7 1975 · Gulf War Era Aug 2 1990 -

American Legion · BA Remmele Post 7 Sleepy Eye · Seifert Bianchi Post 132 New Ulm · Albin Johnson Post 244 Comfrey · John Watson Post 257 Springfield · Oscar O Haugen Post 365 Hanska
Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States · Isaacs - Radl Post 800 Sleepy Eye · Albert Nagel Post 1648 New Ulm · Post 7085 Springfield · Post 9108 Hanska · Post 9433 Comfrey
Ladies Auxiliary V.F.W. · Ladies Aux 800 · Ladies Aux 1648 New Ulm · Ladies Aux 7085 Springfield · Ladies Aux 9108 Hanska · Ladies Aux 9433 Comfrey
Disabled American Veterans · Chapter 15 New Ulm
Disabled American Veterans Auxiliary · Chapter 15 New Ulm
American Ex-Prisoners of War · American Ex-Prisoners of War Prairieland Chapter
Military Order Purple Heart of the U.S.A. · Prairieland Defenders Chapter 807
American Legion Auxiliary · Unit 7 Sleepy Eye · Unit 132 New Ulm · Unit 244 Comfrey · Unit 257 Springfield · Unit 365 Hanska
Sons of the American Legion · Squadron 132 New Ulm · Squadron 257 Springfield

(Military) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Seneca Oil Spring

May 27, 2013, 6:46 pm

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New York, Cattaraugus County, Hinsdale
1627 first petroleum discovered in America 1 mi. north 1000 yds east.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Angelica Cemetery

May 27, 2013, 6:58 pm

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New York, Allegany County, Angelica
Site gift of Church family, 1801; First burial, 1803; among noted men of Allegany Co. Buried here are; Major M. Van Campen, Capt. P. Church, Judge M. Grover and Rev. C. Fairbank

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

B.J. Thomas

May 27, 2013, 7:17 pm

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New York, Allegany County, near Alma
Driller & contractor from PA, who earned nickname of "Dry Hole Ben" by seldom promoting successful oil wells. His continued faith in paying quantities of oil in Allegany County let him drill many historical wells. Including the "Wildcat Well" on this hillside (arrow). Ben eventually sold his equipment and holdings to O.P. Taylor.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Triangle No. 1

May 27, 2013, 7:39 pm

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New York, Allegany County, near Wellsville
First oil well drilled in Allegany County drilled by O.P. Taylor 1879

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.