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Mills Wharf

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Texas, Aransas County, Lamar
Mills Wharf, built by John Howard Mills in 1932, was a renowned center for waterfowl hunting and fishing from the 1930s until it was sold in 1960. I consisted of cottages, a cook house, a guide service office, a store, a tackle shop, and a unique wildlife museum with a famous duck, featured in “Ripley’s Believe It Or Not,” which had an oyster permanently attached to its foot. The new “Hug the Coast” Highway 35 made the wharf accessible, thereby aiding the growth of the tourism industry in the area. In 1946, Herbert and Harry Mills bought the wharf from their parents and expanded the business with a unique seaplane service to drop off customers at remote fishing sites.
175 years of Texas Independence * 1836–2011
Marker is property of the State of Texas


(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rossville Cemetery

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Texas, Atascosa County, Rossville
Texas statesman Jose Antonio Navarro (1795-1871) transferred land here along the Atascosa River to his eldest son Jose Antonio George Navarro. J.A.G. Navarro (b.1819) then gave 160 acres here to his daughter Maria Antonia Navarro (1845-1922) in 1870, on the occasion of her marriage in San Antonio to Scotsman John C. Ross (1839-1925). One acre at this site was reserved for a cemetery. Ross and his brother William subsequently founded the community of Rossville here after 1873.

The first burial was that of Juana Chaves Navarro (1820-1874), wife of J.A.G. Navarro. Other pioneers who lived in this area before the founding of Rossville are buried here. Their family names include Alvarez, Bergara, Castanon, Cruz, Galindo, Gonzales, Tabberer, Tober, Riojas, and Stokes. Confederate veteran Clemente Galindo (1844-1881) and his wife Martha Goins Galindo (1845-1903) are buried here along with many of their descendants.

By the 1920s the road to the graveyard was often impassable, so John Ross was buried in the family plot at the Episcopal Church Cemetery (1 mi. E). His wife Maria Antonia is buried here, near their home site. Other Navarro, Chaves, and Ross descendants are also buried here, including Texas Ranger Captain Tom Ross (1871-1946), son of John and Maria Antonia Ross. (1986) Texas Sesquicentennial 1836-1986. Texas Sesquecentennial 1836-1986

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Green Cove Springs

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Florida, Clay County, Green Cove Springs
High ground along the river and a flowing mineral spring drew the first inhabitants to this area some 7000 years ago, but historic development dates from 1816 when George I. F. Clarke erected a sawmill in this vicinity under a Spanish land grant. The first settlement, called White Sulfur Springs, was established in 1854, with a wharf, a store, and several houses clustered around a public square. During the Civil War, Federal troops frequently skirmished with Confederate forces in the vicinity, and finally occupied the town in 1864. Renamed in 1866, Green Cove Springs became the seat of Clay County government in 1871. Tourism flourished, surpassing citrus culture and lumbering as the area's economic base. River steamers brought visitors to the "Saratoga of the South", noted for the healthful qualities of its famous spring and for hotels and boarding houses said to rival the finest to be found in northern resorts. By the 1890s, the population reached more than 1500. But an expanding railroad system carried tourists southward and a great freeze in 1895 destroyed the surrounding citrus groves. The city's tourist industry declined sharply.
(Reverse side text)
The advent of the automobile age and the creation of a state highway system provided the basis for economic recovery in the 1920s, when the city shared in the general prosperity of the Florida Land Boom. But the collapse of the boom and the depression of the 1930s marked the end of the early development of the city. Between 1940 and 1945, the city experienced renewed development. The population increased from 1752 to 3026 as a result of the wartime construction of Benjamin Lee Field, a 1500 acre air auxiliary complex, by the U. S. Navy. With the end of World War II, thirteen piers were constructed by the Navy and the Green Cove base became home port to a "mothball fleet" of some 600 ships. With its share of returning war veterans, the community's population grew through the 1950s to a total of 4233 in 1960. In 1961, the Navy decommissioned its base and the reserve fleet was transferred to another facility. In 1984, the city annexed the former naval base into its corporate limits, tying this part of its heritage to its future growth and development.

(Industry & Commerce • Settlements & Settlers • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

People of the Land

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California, Shasta County, Shingletown
The mountains of Lassen Volcanic National Park have been a sacred place of healing and strength to American Indians for more than a thousand years. The Atsugewi, Maidu, Yana, and Yahi tribes settled in the mountain foothills and spent their summers in camps in the high country. They fished, hunted, and gathered foods. They worshiped, raised children, and buried their loved ones here. Descendants of these tribes still live near the edges of the park today and still remain connected to the land.

In the 1820s fur traders penetrated Lassen’s woods, and word about the region spread. Settlers arrived in earnest by the 1850s. Soon after, a railroad and dependable wagon roads came to the area. With access to distant markets lumberman, miners, cattlemen, and sheepherders began to flourish. Reports of Lassen’s volcanic wonders brought scientists, and, soon after, tourists. And finally, following Lassen Peak’s 1915 eruption, came a national park - a park for all people.

(Environment) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Kansa Indians

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Kansas, Jefferson County, near Williamstown


The Kansa Indians (Kaw) came to this region from the forested southeast. They lived in permanent longhouses covered with bark and cultivated corn, beans, and squash. In their western hunting grounds they captured buffalo and other large animals. By the mid 18th century the Kansa considered most of northern and eastern Kansas their home. Through contact with Europeans and Americans, the Kansa contracted foreign diseases that had a devastating effect on their population. In 1825 the Kansa were forced to agree to a treaty that reduced their land to 10 percent of its original size. Two years later the government established an agency to protect the interests of the United States 2.5 miles southeast of here. It was the goal of the government to change the Kansa into American farmers, stripping them of their traditional way of life. In 1846 the Kansa were again forced to move, this time to an even smaller reservation near Council Grove.

After the death of his mother U.S. Vice President Charles Curtis lived on the Kansa reservation with his mother’s family. Today the Kaw Nation is headquartered in Oklahoma. The state of Kansas is named for the Kansa Indians.

(Environment • Native Americans • Politics • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cinder Cone Volcano and the Fantastic Lava Beds

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California, Shasta County, near Mill Creek
This basaltic andesite boulder was created about 350 years ago, during the formation of Cinder Cone Volcano. Cinder cones form when blobs of gas-charged lava explode from a volcano’s vent, then fall back to earth as cooled fragments of rock.

Cinder Cone volcano, in the park’s northeast corner, first erupted about 1650 AD. Ash deposits from its eruption are still found eight to ten miles away. Repeated basalt flows from Cinder Cone volcano, elevation 6,907 feet (2105 m) reached Butte Lake and dammed up Butte Creek, creating Snag Lake.

Colorful pieces of an earlier volcano were carried away by Cinder Cone’s lava flow and can be found in the Fantastic Lava Beds and Painted Dunes lava fields.

(Environment) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jefferson County Memorial Park

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Kansas, Jefferson County, Oskaloosa


Dedicated to the citizens of Jefferson County to honor those who served in the Armed Forces and those who died for their country.

(Patriots & Patriotism • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bandstand

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Kansas, Jefferson County, Oskaloosa


The original Jefferson County Court House grounds Bandstand was constructed in 1906 and existed on the southwest corner of the court house grounds until it was destroyed in the 1960 tornado that also severely damaged the court house building. This replica was built here in 1973.

(Charity & Public Work • Entertainment • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Blacksmith Shop

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Kansas, Jefferson County, Oskaloosa


The Blacksmith Shop building is new (1983), but houses tools that were used in late 1800's and early 1900's. Many of the tools are from Archie Brown's shop in McLouth.

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Bowstring Bridge

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Kansas, Jefferson County, Oskaloosa


Built in Cleveland, Ohio in 1875. Originally it crossed Rock Creek north of Meriden. It was relocated in the 1950's to southeast of Valley Falls. It was moved in 1975 to Old Jefferson Town.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Lewis Elton Lyle

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Georgia, Chatham County, Pooler

The 379th led the 8th Air Force in all
categories under commanders Colonel
Maurice Preston and Colonel Lewis Lyle.

Colonel Lyle led the Grand Slam Group
through a period of excellence that
established it as one of the elite
fighting units in Military History.

Our gratitude to Major General Lyle for
his dedication to perpetuate our heritage.

The 379th Bomb Group WWII Association

(War, World II) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Boening/Vertol CH-46A/E Sea Knight Helicopter

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North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Charlotte
The Boeing CJ-46 Sea Knight is a medium-lift tandem rotor cargo helicopter, used by the United States Marine Corps (USMC) to provide all-weather, day or night assault transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment. Assault Support is its primary function, and the movement of supplies and equipment is secondary. Additional tasks include combat support, search and rescue, support for forward refueling and rearming points, medivac and Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel (TRAP). This example on display was built in 1967 and underwent continuous upgrades and modifications during its service life. It was in continuous service in every major conflict with the USMC until it was damaged after a hard landing in Iraq in June 2004. During its service in Vietnam, it was involved in a rescue mission on January 30, 1970 during which the crew chief PFC Raymond “Mike” Clausen’s heroic deeds resulted in his being awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor. Please read the story of that mission on the black granite marker nearby. This display is dedicated to him, his crew and all who flew this type of helicopter. SPECIFICATIONS: Type: Cargo Helicopter—Manufacturer: Boeing Vertol Corporation—Status: Active, but being replaced by the MV-2 Osprey (Tilt Rotor)—Numbers Built: 600+---Crew: 4: 2 pilots, 1 crew chief, 1 aerial gunner/observer—Capacity: 25 troops---Length: 45 ft. 8 in. fuselage---Fuselage Width: 7 ft. 3 in.---Max Speed: 165 mph—Combat Radius: 184 miles.

(Air & Space • War, Vietnam) Includes location, directions, 8 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

PFC Raymond "Mike" Clausen Memorial

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North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Charlotte
(Front side of the marker) (Photo of Mike Clausen)14 October 1947--30 May 2004 Helicopter Squadron-HMM 263 DaHang Rvn 31 January 1970 (Reverse side of the marker) USMC Medal of Honor 31 Jan 1970-PFC Raymond Mike Clausen, Jr. CITATION : For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 263 during operations against enemy forces. Participating in a helicopter rescue mission to extract elements of a platoon which had inadvertently entered a minefield while attacking enemy positions, Pfc. Clausen skillfully guided the helicopter pilot to a landing in an area cleared by 1 of several mine explosions. With 11 marines wounded, 1 dead, and the remaining 8 marines holding their positions for fear of detonating other mines, Pfc. Clausen quickly leaped from the helicopter and, in the face of enemy fire, moved across the extremely hazardous mine laden area to assist in carrying casualties to the waiting helicopter and in placing them aboard. Despite the ever-present threat of further mine explosions, he continued his valiant efforts, leaving the comparatively safe area of the helicopter on 6 separate occasions to carry out his rescue efforts. On 1 occasion while he was carrying 1 of the wounded, another mine detonated, killing a corpsman and wounding 3 other men. Only when he was certain that all marines were safely aboard did he signal the pilot to lift the helicopter. By the courageous, determined and inspiring efforts in the face of the utmost danger, Pfc. Clausen upheld the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and of the U.S. Naval Service.

(Heroes • War, Vietnam) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Scioto County, Experience Our Heritage

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Ohio, Scioto County, Portsmouth


Portsmouth Motorcycle Club
The Portsmouth Motorcycle Club is one of the oldest in Ohio and the group picture shown in the mural was taken in 1913. Many residents have identified family members from this old image. Look closely into the hubcap of the motorcycle on the right and you can see the reflection of muralist, Robert Dafford taking a photograph of the bike. In early springtime, throughout the summer and into late fall, bikers from numerous states visit Portsmouth to have their photographs taken. The Portsmouth Motorcycle Clubhouse is located at the end of the street on the right.

Good Times Remembered
The photographs featured in this scrapbook are of popular places in Portsmouth during the twentieth century. Page 1: Dreamland Pool, the clay tennis courts at Mound Park, the Turkey Shoppe, Harold's Restaurant, the Elk's Country Club and Boy Scout Camp Oyo. Page 2: Lake Roosevelt, Hamburger Inn, the LeRoy Theater, Girl Scout Camp Molly Lauman, the Modern Grill, and the midway at the Scioto County Fair.

Sunset At The Point
The perfect spot to view a gorgeous "red sunset" is Alexandria Point overlooking the confluence of the Ohio and Scioto Rivers. Muralist Robert Dafford is sharing his vision of the sunset from Alexandria Point located at the end of Front Street. The Carl Perkins Bridge is in the background. Pack a picnic, grab a friend and enjoy watching the sunset in Alexandria Point.

Sister Cities
Scenes from Portsmouth's Sister Cities are painted in the mural. These cities are Corby, England; Orizaba, Mexico; and Zittau, Germany. The muralist has created an illusion of looking through three archways called "Portsmouth's Windows to [sic - on] the World." The Sister City Program links communities throughout the world, promoting cultural understanding and social development. A unique feature of Dafford's work is his inclusion of local residents in many of his murals. The children shown in this mural are neighborhood children. Several other murals have local residents painted into the mural, allowing all of Portsmouth to take ownership in this project.

(Environment • Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 13 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Capitola’s Natural Riches

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California, Santa Cruz County, Capitola
The riches of river and sea have attracted people to this area for hundreds of years. The Soquel Ohlone Indians once hunted and gathered in nearby valleys and along the shore, Later Chinese and Italian fishermen harvested the bay’s fish and shellfish. In the late 1800s, visitors seeking relief from the valley heat were attracted to cooler weather and scenic coastal beauty. These days Capitola’s charm is enhanced by its intimate relationship with the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. The Sanctuary’s heath is linked to human activity on land and waterways leading to the bay.

Keeping it Beautiful

Throughout Capitola’s history people have worked to keep the beach beautiful and open to the public. In the late 1800s Samuel Hall and Fredrick Hihn developed campgrounds and a resort where vacationers could stay in the stylish Capitola Hotel, or pitch a tent for free. Now, as part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, the beach is protected for all to enjoy.

The Capitola Wharf

The wharf, built in 1857, has always been a favorite spot for fishing and enjoying the bay. Originally it was an important point for shipping lumber, leather, and other goods. Today the wharf offers intimate views of the Marine Sanctuary where fishing, boating and diving are allowed. Oil drilling, ocean dumping, and other activities that harm the Sanctuary’s health are prohibited.

(Industry & Commerce • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Natividad

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California, Monterey County, Salinas
This intersection on the Old Stage Road between San Francisco and Los Angeles is the site of the second and last location of Natividad, a busy and important staging and business establishment before Salinas city was created. Originally in the Gavilan House at Lagunita two and one-half miles north, the United States Post Office moved here in 1865 and around it grew a trading post of stores, a coast stage depot and stables, a hotel, a schoolhouse, and the saloon and billiard hall kept by Michael Alpite, its multi-colored sigh proclaiming wines – liquors – cigars. The arrival of the R.R. at Salinas in 1872 was the beginning of the end for Natividad. The P.O. closed in 1908 and the dilapidated Natividad saloon resting on this corner, the last proud commercial vestige of a true ghost town of the Old West, was demolished in the summer of 1964. R.I.P.

Dedicated by Monterey Viejo No. 1846 E Clampus Vitus
Saturday May 4, 1991

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Spreckels Historic District

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California, Monterey County, Spreckels
The town of Spreckels was established by Claus Spreckels in 1898 as a company town to provide a complete community (including store, school, hotel, church, theater, etc.) for employees of the Spreckels Sugar Company. When built, the Spreckels Factory #1 was the largest and most innovative sugar beet factory in the world. It operated here from 1898 to 1982, and was demolished in 1992. The town of Spreckels retains its original street grid, park, and most of the buildings constructed for the Spreckels Sugar Company between 1898 and 1957. Some of the oldest buildings and residences were designed by noted architect, William Weeks.

(Notable Places) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Walker Family Cemetery

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Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta
Freeman Walker, in 1826, deeded 70 acres of land to the U. S. Govt. to be used as an arsenal – the site now of Augusta College. He reserved one acre as a family burial ground. The marker in front of his home “Bellvue”, on the grounds of Augusta College, lists additional historical facts.

Dedicated to the Memory of Emily Griffin Shearer

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Spreckels Sugar Beet Factory

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California, Monterey County, Spreckels
Claus Spreckels, a German immigrant, at the age of 70 constructed the worlds largest sugar beet factory. The building consisted of 3500 tons of steel framing, 4.5 million brick, a 74,500 sq. ft. slate roof, 6.5 inside stories. The brick walls were 116 ft tall by 102 ft. wide and 582 ft. long. The two brick smokestacks at 227 ft. tall and 14 ft. round, were externally plated with ¼ in. steel. Total cost was 5 million dollars. Seven million bricks and the machinery were shipped around the Horn to Moss Landing, where Spreckels owned the P.V.C. Railroad, linking the Watsonville-Salinas area to Spreckels California. Dedicated this 23rd day, October 1994 Monterey Viejo Chapter 1846 Lee ‘Snake Eyes’ Brooks Noble Grand Humbug E Clampus Vitus

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Site of the First Salinas Library

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California, Monterey County, Salinas
On this site stood the first Salinas Library. Funds were raised through the efforts of the citizens of Salinas and a pledge from Andrew Carnegie. Designed by Jacob Lenzen, the library opened Nov. 5. 1909, demolished in Aug. 1960. The above plaque was salvaged by Ted Ponton. Rededicated by

Monterey Viejo 1846 ECV Oct. 24, 1992
(E Imfamous Amos Humbug).

(Arts, Letters, Music) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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