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Diller-Chamberlain Gen. Store/American Hotel-American House/Sequoia Hotel/Bank of San Mateo County

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California, San Mateo County, Redwood City

(Four markers are mounted on this pedestal.) Diller-Chamberlain General Store (Quong Lee Laundry)
726 Main Street J.V. Diller had this one-story brick building constructed in 1859 to house his general store, historically significant as San Mateo County’s oldest commercial building and the county’s first brick building. It is the sole remnant of Redwood City’s earliest days as a lumber town, as its location reflects the importance of Main Street as the first major thoroughfare.

The building’s rear entrance faced Redwood Creek, which was the waterway in use to float redwood logs to San Francisco during the Gold Rush – which is why a town began here. The store resembles the simple, classical, false-fronted commercial buildings built in the Mother Lode. Original details are still evident, such as the cast-iron shutters. P.P. Chamberlain, the second owner who operated here until 1916 as San Mateo County Treasurer, kept the county’s funds in the store safe.

From 1875 to 1911, the store also served as the Wells Fargo Express Office. In 1938, it was remodeled to become Quong Lee Laundry. After the 1989 earthquake, the building received a seismic retrofit and the facade underwent restoration to its 1859 appearance.

American Hotel/American House Site
Main Street and Broadway Redwood City’s first hotel was established in 1855 by A. Harris, on the east side of Main Street, where eastbound Broadway now extends. It was a crude, one-story structure that was enlarged to two stories and called the American Hotel. The upstairs sleeping quarters were simply bunks.

Edward Hancock was the owner in 1856 when ballots in San Mateo County’s first election were counted “in parlors” of the hotel. During the canvass, out-of-town politicians who had brazenly directed ballot stuffing in hopes of controlling the new county, resorted to gun threats and grappling for ballots as they were being counted. But the townspeople took their case to court, winning the right to name their own officials and to claim Redwood City as the county seat.

The first Board of Supervisors meeting took place here when it was decided to rent county office space in Diller’s Store (across the street, by the creek) until a new courthouse could be built.

The American Hotel burned down in 1864. Sidney Merrill, local druggist, postmaster, and Redwood City’s first tax collector, purchased the site for a new three-story hotel completed in 1867, calling it the American House. This hotel burned in 1878, replaced by the Wahl Building, which was torn down in 1931 when Broadway was extended east from Main Street.

Sequoia Hotel
800 Main Street This prime corner lot in the heart of downtown was purchased by a group of local investors. The town has need of a first-class hotel for many years, the best one was demolished by the 1906 earthquake. The hotel cost more than $100,000 – quite an expenditure at that time. The three-story brick building was massive (100 ft. by 100 ft.) and elegantly and expensively decorated and furnished. Every two rooms had a bath and hot and cold water. Public restrooms were on every floor, the ground floor lobby led to a dining room and public restaurant. There parlors where business and social meetings could be held were on the second and third floors where 60 rooms are located.

In 1928, President Herbert Hoover stayed here when he visited Redwood City and rode in the 4th of July Parade. This building has a number of classical features typical of its 1912 construction; two Ionic pilasters flank the two wooden front doors; above the third floor series of windows is a large cornice supported by thick brackets ornamented with a large “egg and dart” band.

Bank of San Mateo County
2000 Broadway
NE Corner of Main Street Incorporated in 1891, the Bank of San Mateo County was the first commercial bank on the Peninsula. It operated from the Capitol Hotel a few doors up the street. In 1899, noted architect Alfred I. Coffey was hired to design a Renaissance style stone veneer building using cut stone from Utah. It was completed in 1900 and remains today as one of Redwood City’s most notable commercial-institutional structures.

For more than 40 years, the law office of Ross & Ross occupied the second floor. The attorney’s brother, Dr. J.L. Ross, was the first bank president. Dr. Ross had purchased the adjacent lot in 1899 and built a two-story brick building with a cast-iron front.

After the 1906 earthquake, the bank purchased the Ross building, and Coffey was hired to design a 55 ft. facade that would incorporate both buildings. The renovation was commemorated in 1910.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 9 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Alhambra Theater

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California, San Mateo County, Redwood City
The finest playhouse between San Francisco and San Jose opened here January 20, 1896. In 1921, the building was purchased by Redwood City Masonic Lodge which was instituted August 28, 1863.

(Entertainment • Fraternal or Sororal Organizations) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Solari Family Windmill

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California, San Mateo County, Redwood City
This windmill was built in the 1880’s on the Solari farm, located at Whipple Avenue and Old County Road in Redwood City.

It was move in the 1930’s to the new family farm located on Manzanita Street near Middlefield Road and the railroad tracks, two blocks east of its present day location. It was again moved in 1990 as the property had been sold. To save the windmill from being demolished, it was disassembled and reconstructed on the grounds of the Garfield School and later disassembled again and stored at a Redwood City maintenance yard.

In May 2007, through the efforts of the City of Redwood City, Redwood City Parks and Recreation Department, and Redwood Parlor No. 66 Native Sons of the Golden West, the windmill was reassembled and refurbished at its present location in Union Cemetery, Redwood City.

The Solari Family Windmill is the last known functional windmill of its kind on the Peninsula.

George Solari, the last owner of the windmill was born in Redwood City on January 14, 1904 and lived on the family farms his entire life. He was a member of the Native Sons of the Golden West, Redwood Parlor No. 66, being initiated on July 17, 1924. He as an active member for 65 years, serving as Parlor President in 1945. George Solari passed on the Grand Parlor on High on March 29, 1998.

(Agriculture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fremont Peak

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California, San Benito County, near San Juan Bautista
Fremont Peak was called Gavilan Peak in early Spanish times, Gavilan in English meaning Hawk. In 1846 Capt. John Charles Fremont, brevet captain of topographical engineers of the United States Army, was conducting a survey and exploring expedition in Oregon and California. His presence with an armed force in the settled area was objected to by Prefect Manuel Castro and General Jose Castro and the California authorities. He was ordered to leave. Instead Fremont prepared to resist this request. He ascended Gavilan Peak where he built a fort of logs. A sapling was cut for a flagpole and on March 6, 1846 Fremont raised the flag of the United States. Castro has his forces below at San Juan Bautista but before any attack was made, Fremont’s flagpole blew down on the afternoon of March 9. Fremont, taking this as a bad omen broke camp in the night and moved on toward the San Joaquin. So the open battle was avoided. After this episode Gavilan Peak again became the meeting place for hawks.
Elevation 3169 feet

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Fremont Peak Memorial

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California, San Benito County, near San Juan Bautista
The American flag was first raised on California soil March 4, 1846 on this spot by General John C. Fremont

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Limekiln Monorail

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California, San Benito County, near Paicines
Built in 1894 by J.J. Burt to carry “Diamond Brand” lime from Harlan Mt. the S.P. railhead at Tres Pinos. The track was a single wooden rail. The locomotive was wood fueled steam operated. On its maiden voyage the engine exploded while taking on water from Pescadero Creek thus ending operation forever.

(Railroads & Streetcars) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Native Daughters Adobe

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California, San Benito County, San Juan Bautista
Reportedly built in the 1840’s by a Basque named Rafael Pico. First recorded owner Maria Antonia Boronda in 1849. Owned by family members of Jose Maria Castro for many years. Ruins purchased by San Juan Bautista Parlor, N.D.G.W. in 1934.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rodeo Intermediate Field Civil Aeronautics Authority # 57A

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New Mexico, Hidalgo County, near Rodeo
The intermediate field system, developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, greatly increased safety in early commercial aviation. Rodeo Intermediate Field 57A was established in 1930 to enhance navigation for Standard Airlines -later TWA- from California to El Paso, and served as an army auxiliary field during WWII. Its building foundations, earthen air strips and red directional arrow pointing the way to El Paso still are visible today.

(Air & Space • Military • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Irwin City

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California, Merced County, Hilmar
W.A. Irwin came from Santa Monica, California, where as a developer, he owned thousands of acres and established colony tracts. He laid out Irwin City, which was surveyed by George Manuel, and had it recorded on May 8, 1907. The colony was less than a mile south of present day Hilmar. Irwin himself promoted the area in brochures claiming the climate was the best in the world. No hard winters, no snow storms, no cyclones, only eternal summer.

Irwin City had a hotel, bakery, jeweler and barber. Other businesses were Hedman-Johnson Meat Market, Johnston Hardware and Ceylon Grocery. A.H. Boothry and sons ran a general merchandise store. The building known today as Irwin City antiques was previously Pedigo's Store and later Klint's Hardware. Nearby was a two story building with the intriguing name Fallen Angel Saloon. The upper floor was a hotel.

In 1911 a U.S. Post Office opened in Thomas Pedigo's General Store and operated until 1958. Pedigo was postmaster and later became a circuit judge for the area.

In 1917 the Tidewater Southern Railroad line reached the area. The railroad laid out the town of Hilmar just to the north. Irwin City began to be absorbed by Hilmar as it grew southward but it refused to disappear. There are a number of businesses and organizations today using the term Hilmar-Irwin. Train service halted in 1954 and trucks took over transporting farm produce. What was once two competing towns became one.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Duty, Honor, County

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Missouri, Stone County, Hurley
In honored memory of those from the Hurley community who lost their lives in World War One, World War Two, The Korean and Vietnam Conflicts. Those heroes live beyond the tomb.

WW I
Medlin, Elmer • Medlin, John W

WW II
Barnett, Robert • Coffer, Joe • Daum, Dallas • Isreal, Millard • Laney, Junior • McHolland, Robert • Merritt, Donald • Parsons, Bruce • Spears, Milford • Steel, Billy • Thomas, Herbert • Thomas, Paul • Wolf, Curtis • Wright, Elton • Wright, Frank • Roy, Lyle J

Korea – Chastain, Johnny

And to all those who fought valiantly for liberty, freedom and justice.

(Military) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

James Emerson Whiteselle

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Texas, Navarro County, Corsicana
Born in Tennessee on December 31, 1851, James Emerson Whiteselle moved to Texas in 1870 to work in the lumber company of his uncle P. W. Ezell. In 1875 he began working in the local Carruthers Lumber Company which he later owned. Under his management the business was expanded to include the manufacturing and selling of brick. Married to Kate Huey in 1882, Whiteselle became a prominent businessman and banker. As Mayor of Corsicana, 1894-98, when oil was discovered here, he was influential in the development of the field. He died on his birthday in 1915.

(Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Cottage Corners

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California, San Benito County, Hollister
First saloon serving steam beer in this area. Has been here for over 100 years. Owned and operated for many years by Steve Kaelin. Presently owned by Lydia C. and Ray L. Dassel.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Jim Jack’s Cabin

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California, San Benito County, San Juan Bautista
Jim Jack was known as China Jim, the Mustard King. In the 1880’s he gathered mustard seed from the grain fields in the San Juan Valley. Jim Jack, “the big-hearted Chinaman” had that rarest of gifts, the gift of giving.

(Asian Americans • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

A Salute to All Veterans

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Illinois, Effingham County, Montrose

United States Army
United States Air Force
Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
United States Marine Corps
United States Navy
United States Coast Guard

Montrose, Illinois

(Military) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Tercentenary Celebration

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Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown

In Honor of
James Alfred Pearce
Born 1840 -- Died 1920
Distinguished Citizen - Eminent Jurist
Christian Gentleman
Chief Judge of Second Judicial Circuit
Member Court of Appeals of Maryland 1897 - 1912

Erected August 1, 1942 by the Eastern Shore Society of Baltimore City of which he was an honorary member.

(Landmarks • Notable Persons) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

How the Bridge was Built

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New York, New York County, New York
Considered one of the greatest triumphs of nineteenth-century engineering when it opened in May, 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was built to provide a suitable all-weather link between the then independent and rapidly growing cities of New York and Brooklyn. The brilliant engineer John Roebling proposed a great suspension bridge, a pioneering structure in its use of steel which would leave the busy East River free of obstruction. When he died in an accident as the bridge was being surveyed, his son Washington was chosen to complete the structure.

Washington was totally disabled in 1872 by caisson disease (the bends) and could never visit the site again. His remarkable wife Emily became his chief administrative aide and enabled Washington to finish the project successfully.

1870 The Bridge Foundation
The majestic towers of the bridge rest on wooden foundations called pneumatic caissons. Each caisson is a giant bottomless chamber which was built on land and slowly sunk to the river bed exactly where the tower was to rise. Inside the chamber, workers excavated debris until firm ground to support the weight of the tower was reached. The caisson was then filled with concrete.

1870 The Tower’s Begun
The stone blocks for the towers were lifted into place by boom derricks and a system of steam pulleys. The weight of the first stone course for the tower caused the caisson to settle to the river bed; the excavation began.

1871 Work in the Caisson
Within each caisson was an elaborate system of air locks and supply shafts. Compressed air was pumped in to keep the river water out. Workers entered the caisson through air locks. Debris was removed through shafts filled with water and carried from the site on scows. Many men fell ill to the bends caused by rapid changes in pressure when leaving the caisson.

1872 The Towers Rise
The towers support the cables and thereby the entire weight of the bridge roadway and traffic. They are constructed of New Jersey limestone and Maine granite, and each rises 272 feet and 6 inches above high water. In 1872 the towers reached the height of the roadway.

1876 The Towers are Joined
Massive stone anchorages on either shore secure the cables and resist their tremendous pull. Each anchorage weighs 60,000 tons and is 89 feet high. Before cable making could begin, the towers were joined by wire rope loops, called “travelers:” these would carry men and material between the anchorages. The first traveler was completed August 14, 1876.

August 1876 Frank Farrington
Master-Mechanic Franck Farrington is first to cross East River by a traveler wire.

1877 Preparation for Cable Spinning
All the work on the bridge was done without disturbing traffic in the busy port. When the towers were completed, cable spinning began. Work platforms were supported on wires high above the river and were reached by walkways that ran from anchorage to anchorage over the tops of the towers.

1877 The Carrier Wheels
For the cable spinning wire was looped around a carrier wheel hung from the traveler and pulled across the river from Brooklyn to New York. The system, driven by steam engines, worked like a conveyor belt. Over 14,000 miles of wire were used in the cables.

1877 Cable Spinning
As the wires for the cables were spun in place, workers adjusted them to exact position and make sure all were parallel. When 278 wires were spun, they were bound to form a strand. Nineteen strands formed one cable. The cable stands were bolted to eyebar chains encased in the masonry of the anchorage. An iron anchor plate holds the end of each chain in place.
Each anchor plate weights 23 tons. Eighteen eyebars radiate up from it’s base
Section of cable 15 ¾ inches thick. 19 strands per cable.

1878 Cable Wrapping
John Roebling designed the unique machine used to wrap the cables of the bridge. An iron clamp compressed the strands, forming a cable into a perfect cylindrical arrangement. A wrapping device bound the cable with a tight spiral of soft wire and the cable was then coated with white lead. This process stiffened the cables and protected them from weather.

1881 Suspending the Roadway
The bridge floor is made of steel trusses suspended from the cables by wire rope. At midspan the roadway is 135 feet above the water and allows easy passage of river traffic.

May 24, 1883 A Union of Hears and a Union of Hands Finis Coronat Opus. “The finish crowns the work” commemorates the opening of the bridge linking the cities of New York and Brooklyn in 1883. After thirteen years of innovative and courageous effort the exultation was appropriate. In the years following the Civil War this image of success must have been especially poignant and expressive of both spiritual recovery and technological growth. The two cities clasping hands suggests the final consolidation of New York and Brooklyn with other boroughs in 1898.

Edward I. Koch, Mayor of the City of New York
Howard Golden, Borough President of Brooklyn
Andrew J. Stein, Borough President of Manhattan
The 1983 Brooklyn Bridge Centennial Commission
The New York City Department of Transportation

(Bridges & Viaducts) Includes location, directions, 20 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Christopher Columbus Memorial Plaza

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New Jersey, Bergen County, Fort Lee
Christopher Columbus
Memorial Plaza

Dedicated Oct. 11, 1971
Leonardo da Vinci Society
Bergen County
New Jersey

( Lower Plaques : )
Granite Monument
donated by
Anthony K. Macagna

Bronze sculpture
donated by
Adeline Bracco
in memory of her sister
Ione Braccp

(Exploration) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Patrick and Margaret Breen

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California, San Benito County, San Juan Bautista
In Memoriam
Patrick and Margaret Breen These pioneers left county Carlow, Ireland, in 1828. By 1845 they were owners of a farm in Iowa Territory.

Heading westward again, they joined the Donnor (sic) Party, whose heroic struggles to survive the winter of 1846 in the snows of the Sierra Nevada is widely known.

In February 1848 the indomitable Breen family became the first English-speaking settlers in this valley. Patrick Breen died at San Juan Bautista in 1866, Margaret in 1874. They are buried on the hill above this marker.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Notable Persons • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Maritime Legend #21663

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Maryland, Talbot County, St. Michaels
Hand tonged in the Miles River in 1939 by local seafaring legend Frankie Alberto Morgan Wilkenship, this rope dates back to 1813. It was used during the British Invasion of St. Michaels. Maritime forensic experts claim the line "a true nautical braid" belonged to the HMS Jabberwock, commanded by Lord Liverrot. The rope was used to tow U.S. warships damaged by Royal Navy cannonballs.

(War of 1812 • Waterways & Vessels) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Campo Santo

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California, San Benito County, San Juan Bautista
“On October 24, 1839, I blessed the Campo Santo Nuevo (New Cemetery, which because the cemetery adjoining the church could no more bodies, was laid out away from the church).”
Fr. Antonio Anzar

A part of Rancho de San Antonio, granted to Manuel Larios. Don Manuel gave this cemetery site, reserving the S.W. corner for Larios family burials.

Marked by the San Juan Bautista Parlor No. 179, Native Daughters of the Golden West, October 28, 1966 in memory of pioneers and early settlers buried here.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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