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Poe's Corners

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Michigan, Cass County, Jones
In 1835, George Poe (1779-1851) emigrated from Crawford County, Ohio, and settled on land deeded to him by the U.S. government. Within two years he acquired 520 acres of land in Newberg Township. Many members of the Poe family settled in this vicinity, and it became known as the Poe Neighborhood and Poe's Corners. In 1838 the first recorded burial, that of Rachel Everhart, occurred in Poe's Cemetery, located on one corner of George Poe's farm. The First Regular Baptist Church of Newberg, also known as Poe's Church, was organized in 1841; a church was erected in 1858. School District No. 2, known as Poe's School, was created in 1856. In 1957 the school district merged with the Marcellus School District; the school building became the Newberg Township Hall in 1958.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Churches, Etc. • Education • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Remaining Blockhouses of Central Whidbey

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Washington, Island County, near Coupeville

Saved Blockhouse
In 1921 a local civic group, the Ladies of the Round Table (LORT) began a ten year effort to restore the decaying Davis Blockhouse. Local carpenter Fred Krueger handled the project carefully replacing rotting beams while preserving the “fireplace built of clay and sticks”. The group persuaded the Island County Commissioners to assume ownership and long-term care of the structure. The Commissioners then expanded Sunnyside Cemetery with a new “Blockhouse” plat.

Local Tragedy
From 1855-1857, Indian unrest in the Puget Sound Region spurred early Whidbey settlers to build the first four blockhouses, followed by three more after the tragic murder of Isaac Ebey by the southeast Alaskan Kake Indians in 1857. The Indians shot and beheaded prominent civic leader Ebey as retribution for the loss of twenty-seven Kake tribal members during relocation talks on the US Navy steamer Massachusetts the previous year. Ebey’s scalp was eventually recovered but questions remain as to its final location.

The 1855 Alexander Blockhouse, moved from John Alexander’s farm to its current location next to the Island County Historical Museum in Coupeville, provided protection for the first three families on the Island.

The 1855 Crockett Blockhouse, one of two stockaded blockhouses remains today, moved just south west of its original site. The other blockhouse went to the 1909 Yukon-Alaska Pacific Exposition.

The 1857 Ebey Blockhouse was one of four standing at the corners of a stockade enclosing the Jacob Ebey house, currently under restoration by the National Park Service southwest of the Cemetery. Jacob Ebey’s son, Winfield, used the blockhouse as his office, the first law office on Whidbey Island.

The 1857 Davis Blockhouse, next to this Interpretive Panel, stands on its original site, but was built by John Davis initially as a cabin and modified into a blockhouse after the death of his brother-in-law Isaac Ebey. The chimney’s fireplace was originally of stick and mud.

Ongoing Restoration
By 2007 the Davis Blockhouse was in desperate need of restoration. This project was accomplished by Island County Cemetery District No. 2 with local assistance from the Coupeville Lions Club. The entire building was thoroughly cleaned. Rotting logs were replaced using period building methods. A former restoration problem was repaired which included a foundation of gravel and field stones to hide cement footings. An innovative steel brace was embedded in supporting beams to provide additional roof strength.

(Forts, Castles • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mottville Bridge

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Michigan, Saint Joseph County, Mottville
(side 1)
The Great Sauk Trail, which connected Detroit, Chicago and Green Bay, Wisconsin, crossed the St. Joseph River at a shallow spot in this vicinity. Responding to the westward migration of pioneers, the federal government surveyed the trail and converted it into the Chicago Road (presently U.S. 12) in 1825. The first Chicago Road bridge to cross the river near Mottville was a substantial timber structure constructed in 1833-34 by contractor Hart L. Stewart. A pile-supported bridge replaced it in 1845. In 1867, Mahlon Thompson and Joseph Miller built a covered Burr arch truss. The ruins of its stone-block abutments are visible upstream from here. This three-span camelback bridge was built in 1922. In 1990 U.S. 12 was rerouted over a new bridge. The camelback bridge is now used for foot traffic.

(side 2)
Constructed in 1922, this three-span, 270-foot-long bridge is the longest Michigan example of a reinforced concrete camelback bridge. These bridges are found primarily in Michigan and Ontario, Canada, and the Mottville Bridge is an excellent example of this design. It was built by contractors Smith and Nichols of Hastings under the direction of State Bridge Engineer C.A. Melick. The Michigan State Highway Department pioneered the use of standardized designs for concrete bridges. By the early 1920s the department had established standardized plans for camelback spans of 50, 60, 70, 75 and 90 feet. This bridge contains three identical 90-foot spans. It was preserved as an engineering landmark by the Michigan Department of Transportation when the present U.S. 12 bridge was erected.

(Bridges & Viaducts • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Crockett Blockhouse

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Washington, Island County, Coupeville
Sudden Indian attacks at Seattle and Bellingham in 1855 caused consternation among the small pioneering settlements on Puget Sound. The tradition of blockhouse defense was well known to American settlers, dating from the earliest English colonies. Several Island families built blockhouses, none of which saw any fighting. Colonel Walter Crockett was responsible for this one completed in 1857. Blockhouses on Whidbey Island remained well preserved over the years, cherished as heirlooms by the desendents of the founding families.

(Forts, Castles) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Guarding the Entrance to Puget Sound – Coast Artillery Corps

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Washington, Island County, near Coupeville

A Glimpse In Time
Like the majority of the coastal forts built in the United States, Fort Casey never fired its guns in warfare.

Fort Casey is one of three coastal forts constructed in the late 1890s to defend the entrance to Puget Sound and the United States Naval Shipyard in Bremerton. Prior to this time, the coastal communities of Puget Sound, as well as much of the western coast, were left unprotected and vulnerable to invasion by foreign warships. At the height of its military significance, from 1901 to 1919, Fort Casey was a busy place. Hundreds of troops were needed to man all the gun batteries and fire control stations of the fort.

As the technology of warships and airplanes advanced, Fort Casey, with its fixed guns, became obsolete as a coastal defense site. It continued to serve as a military training site during World War I and World War II. In 1950, the United States Army disbanded the Coastal Artillery Corps and the site was acquired by Washington State Parks in 1956.

A Letter Home, 1917
The gun commander yells, “Number 1 Fire!” The gun pointer pulls the magneto lever, there is a blinding flash of flame, then a deafening roar and jar. The gun settles back into its first position while the projectile goes hurtling out through the air. Ten – fifteen – twenty-five seconds pass and there way out in the straits, right up close to the target, a cloud of water rises a fit!’
Glenn Rauley, Private-First Class, December 9, 1917

(Forts, Castles • War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 12 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Pillar of Light

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Nevada, Mineral County, Hawthorne
Debuted in the later forties at the Hawthorne Club located at the corner of 5th and E Street, the main intersection of all roads entering Hawthorne. This was a sign of the times with neon lighting. It brightened the intersection with its huge display. The Hawthorne Club was coined as the "Bright Spot on the Corner" because of this magnificent sign. In June of 1996, the Hawthorne Club was demolished. The sign was saved, then modernized with donations. In December of 1996 it was resurrected and now has become the "Pillar of Light" and again it is the "Bright Spot on the Corner!"

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

To Perpetuate the Memory of our Valiant Defenders of Freedom

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Nevada, Mineral County, Hawthorne
This memorial dedicated by the Disabled American Veterans and Ladies Auxiliary, Veterans of Foreign Wars and Ladies Auxiliary, American Legion and Ladies Auxiliary and the citizens of Mineral County, Nevada to perpetuate the memory of our valiant defenders of freedom who made the supreme sacrifice in all wars _._

(War, World I • War, World II) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

League's Store

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California, Lake County, Upper Lake
League's Store, destroyed in the fire of 1924, housed the beginnings of both the Odd Fellows Hall and the Harriet Lee Hammond Library. The post office moved here when the library opened in 1916. The Griner Brothers eventually built and relocated their general store at this location in the 1930's.

Also destroyed in the fire of 1924 was the Justice Court of Upper Lake. Originally located on the east side of town it also served as the practice hall for the Upper Lake Concert Band. Renowned as "the finest band around," they played at parades and local celebrations. For many years the Justice Court was located in the middle of the west side of town. In 1969 it moved to where the current Senior Center is at First and Mendenhall.

(Disasters • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Eagle House

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California, Humboldt County, Eureka
Served passengers traveling by steamers docking at nearby wharves.

This program possible through a partnership with property owners Lee & Kwang Cho, Eureka Main Street and the Eureka Heritage Society.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

September 11th California Memorial

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California, Fresno County, Clovis

In Memory
of
the victims
of
September 11, 2011
and
in honor of our fallen heroes

America's bravest - New York City Firefighters
Port Authority of NY and NY Police Officers
America's Finest - New York City Police Officers
The Passengers and crew - United Flight 93

Forever In Our Hearts

(Disasters • Patriots & Patriotism) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The former Fairwind

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California, Humboldt County, Eureka
Saloons, Kitty Farris' Joy Emporium, and Fairwind and New Fairwind Cafe.

This program possible through a partnership with owners Ferguson-Winsted, Eureka Main Street, and the Eureka Heritage Society.

Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Eureka Business College

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California, Humboldt County, Eureka
Built for Josiah Bell; college upstairs; steamship ticket agency, bicycle shop, and grocery store downstairs; stable; 1893, second building attached.

This program possible through a partnership with the estate of Robert Imperiale, Eureka Main Street, and the Eureka Heritage Society.

(Education • Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Cousins Building

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California, Humboldt County, Eureka
In 1895 3 buildings existed:
412 - Long's Saloon;
414 - W.S. Clifton, optician;
418 - C.W. Richardson, barber.

This program made possible through a partnership with property owners Nedra & Wes Kausen, Eureka Main Street, and the Eureka Heritage Society.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

D. C. McDonald Building

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California, Humboldt County, Eureka
Built for Annie M. Wallace; first concrete commercial building in Eureka; contractor materials sold until 1960.

This program possible through a partnership with property owner Dolores Vellutini, Eureka Main Street, and the Eureka Heritage Society.

(Industry & Commerce) Includes location, directions, GPS coordinates, map.

Forrest's Pursuit

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Georgia, Catoosa County, Fort Oglethorpe
During the Battle of Chickamauga the cavalry forces under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest held the position on the extreme right of the Confederate Army. On the first day of the battle, using his men as dismounted cavalry, Forrest helped push the Federals back from the Reed's Bridge Road and Jay's Mill. His men pressured the Federals to retreat from their position near West Chickamauga Creek to one more in line with other Union troops at the LaFayette Road. As the senior general present, Forrest also commanded the infantry units until General H.T.W. Walker arrived.

On the second day of the battle, Armstrong's Division of Forrest's Cavalry Corps operated on the right of Breckinridge's Division. Around 11:00 A.M. they captured the Federal hospitals at the Cloud farm. At this time, the Federal reserve corps, under General Gordon Granger, was located to the northeast around McAfee's Church. During the afternoon they were ordered to the support of General Thomas, who was being hard pressed at Snodgrass Hill. This movement caused the Confederate cavalry to pull back to the east. After the passage of these troops, however, the Confederates returned to the Lafayette Road.

Forrest's cavalry held this position during the afternoon, being occasionally engaged with the batteries of Dan McCook's artillery of General J.D. Morgan's Division that General Brannan had left on the high ground to the northwest of the McDonald house to attempt the protection of the Federal left. Near the end of the battle there was some skirmishing with Turchin's Brigade of Reynolds Division from the Federal 14th Army Corps.

Immediately after the battle, General Forrest pursued the retreating Federal Army as far as Rossville Gap. There he climbed a high tree and used a telescope to observe the situation at Chattanooga. He reported that the Federals were in somewhat of a disarray and in full retreat to Chattanooga. He strongly recommended that the Army of Tennessee should attack and complete the destruction of the Federal Army. This was sound advice that was completely ignored by General Braxton Bragg. This widened a rift between Forrest and his commander. Bragg, who was having problems with most of his subordinates after Chickamauga ordered Forrest to "turn his troops over" and report to Gen. Joseph Wheeler. This was in spite of the fact that Bragg was fully aware that Forrest had vowed never to fight with Wheeler again. An angry Forrest confronted Bragg over the orders, threatening the Commander of the Army of Tennessee with bodily harm. Bragg never reported the incident because he realized that Forrest was too important to the cause to be jailed for insubordination.

Forrest immediately wired his superiors in Richmond informing then he would not follow another order issued by Bragg and resigned his commission in protest of Bragg's actions at Chickamauga. President Jefferson Davis, however, refused to accept Forrest's resignation and, instead, promoted him to major general and handed him command of all cavalry in west Tennessee and north Mississippi.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 6 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Oldham Hotel

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Missouri, Jackson County, Kansas City


Smith, Rea, Lovitt: Architects

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

The Killing of General J. J. Byrne

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Texas, Hudspeth County, Sierra Blanca
One of the final acts of violence in raiding led during 1880 by the feared Apache chieftain, Victorio.
Just prior to this incident, Victorio's band--100 to 200 strong-- had finished a sanguinary two years of raiding in southwest Texas, New Mexico, and Mexico. His brilliant guerrilla tactics baffled his U. S. Army pursuers and earned their grudging admiration.
J. J. Byrne, a surveyor and retired military man, had fought in U. S. Army in the Civil War (1861-65), having been cited both for gallantry and meritorious conduct. At the time of his death, he was the lone passenger on the stage bound for Fort Davis.
Drawn by small, swift Mexican mules, the coach left Fort Quitman, a former Army post on the Rio Grande, August 13, 1880. As it entered a steep canyon Victorio's men attacked. Gen. Byrne was killed almost at once but the driver, Ed Walde, turned the stage and raced back to the fort for safety.
Later in 1880 the United States and Mexico fielded 5,000 soldiers to hunt down Victorio, who was finally killed in Mexico. Thus ended the career of one of the most notable Indian chiefs in the southwest.
Byrne, born in Ireland about 1842, was buried near Fort Quitman but later reinterred in Fort Worth.

(War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Captain Henry Skillman

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Texas, Presidio County, Presidio
Born in Kentucky. Came to Texas before 1846. Was a U. S. Army scout in Mexican War. Established the first mail service from San Antonio to El Paso in 1851.
Drove first Butterfield Overland mail coach in 1858 through dangerous Comanche Indian territory from Horsehead Crossing on the Pecos to El Paso. "Skimming" mule teams never driven before, made the drive in 4 days without rest or relief. His 6-foot frame in buckskins decorated with revolvers and Bowie knives, and his sandy hair and beard flowing to his waist.
A Confederate scout in the Civil War. After July 1862, when Federals seized El Paso and the Davis Mountains (to make the longest enemy occupation in Texas). Liaison and courier to Confederate refugee colony in Juarez knowing country and people well, moved without fear of the Federals. Spread false rumors of Confederates massed in remote deserts, to send enemy troops on fruitless, exhausting chases. Most dreaded scout known to the occupation.
Singled out by the Union commander, was hunted by force commissioned to take him alive. Was killed resisting capture by Federal Troops in camp at Spencer's Ranch near here on April 3, 1864.

(War, Mexican-American • War, US Civil) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

St. John's Episcopal Church

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Texas, Navarro County, Corsicana
This church was established in 1871 following Episcopal missionary efforts which began in the Corsicana area in the 1850s. Started as a mission, St. John's was organized under the leadership of the Rev. Virginius Gee. In 1874 the first church building was constructed at this site on property donated by E. J. and W. S. Simkins. The parish was formally organized two years later. An Episcopal school, the first in the Dallas Diocese, operated here during the 1940s. Actively involved in the area, the parish also sponsors St. Alban's Mission in Hubbard (27 mi. SW).

(Churches, Etc.) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Old Ward County Bank

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Texas, Ward County, Barstow
C.E. Pierce, an early advocate of irrigated agricultural lands for the Pecos River valley, had this building constructed in 1901 to house Ward County's first bank. Never incorporated, the bank lost money due to area crop failures and closed in 1907. Constructed of red sandstone from the nearby Barstow Quarry, the building exhibits influences of the Romanesque revival style and features an interesting corner entrance.
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1962

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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