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The Former Baptismal Fount

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Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
From St. Joseph Catherdral. The first baptism recorded here was Juan Josef Trahan, son of Juan Marie Trahan of Morlaix, Britanny, France and Adelaida Tulier of Cherbourg, Normandy, France. He was born June 19, 1793 and baptized Oct. 24, 1793. The combination of French names and Spanish spelling was typical of the early colonial era in Baton Rouge.

(Churches, Etc. • Colonial Era • Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Original Feliciana Courthouse

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Jackson, Louisiana.
And used for that purpose until the division of the Parish into East and West Feliciana in 1824.

This building has been owned by the Jackson Assembly since 1969.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Frédéric Henri Duperier

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New Iberia, Louisiana.
A native of Philadelphia whose family refugeed from Haiti, he settled here in 1816. In 1825 he married Hortense Bérard and purchased land here. A merchant and planter. he and his wife donated in 1837 the land upon which the Catholic church was built. That year he laid out land between Julia and Iberia streets in town lots. Under his leadership the town was incorporated on March 13,1839, two days before his death. The village of "Iberia" embraced the area between Bank Ave. and French St., Bayou Teche and Pershing St. In 1847 the town's name was changed to New Iberia.

(Settlements & Settlers) Includes location, directions, 1 photo, GPS coordinates, map.

Carver Dixon King

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Arlington, Texas.
Born on May 18, 1843 in Tennessee, C.D. "Uncle Dutch" King was an early leader in Arlington. He moved to Texas in 1873 and became Arlington's first mayor shortly after the town was established in 1876; he again served as mayor from 1899-1900. King also worked as a notary, owned a grocery store and icehouse, and served 13 terms as Justice of the Peace. He was devoted to the community, serving on city boards and organizations when not in office. King had two children with his first wife, Reola Eunice (Buford). After her death, he married Ione Fort. C.D. King died in 1930 and was interred in Parkdale Cemetery. Today, he is remembered as one of Arlington’s earliest and most dedicated leaders. Marker is Property of the State of Texas

(Politics) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Wilkinson County War Memorial

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Woodville, Mississippi.

Erected by the
citizens of
Wilkinson County
in honor of all
those who served
in World War
I - II
and dedicated to
those who gave
their lives that
freedom might live
This monument also
honors those of
the following wars
Korea • Vietnam • Persian Gulf

(War, World I • War, World II • War, Korean • War, Vietnam • War, 1st Iraq & Desert Storm) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Number 9 School

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Mound City, Kansas.

Relocated in 1976 from the
Kossuth Community.
Built of lumber hauled by team and wagon from Westport. Site also had a horse barn, coal shed, 2 outdoor toilets and a dug well.

School is a one room, one teacher schoolhouse.
Students from grades 1-8 attended and numbered from as many as 70 to a[s] few as 9.
School closed in 1959.

(Education • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Warzel Bungalow

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Mound City, Kansas.

Relocated from across the street in 1983
The original owner, Mr. Gus Warzel and Mr. Ernest Schultz built an electric plant across street to east in 1915.
The blocks used to form the porch are made of cement poured into forms and were typical of the era.
House was purchased from the Jehovah Witness Church

(Man-Made Features • Architecture) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Mound City Depot

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Mound City, Kansas.

Relocated to park in 1981
Missouri Pacific route ran from
Butler, Missouri to Mound City, Kansas.
Last train ran in 1949, bringing poles
to complete the rural electric service
to Linn County
Contains antiques and memorabilia from
the area and several work stations
of the past.

(Railroads & Streetcars • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.


Barn

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Mound City, Kansas.

Original date built unknown
Relocated to park in 1986
[Balance illegible]

(Agriculture • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Proffitt Cemetery

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near Newcastle, Texas.
Members of the Robert Smith Proffitt family came to this area about 1862 and established homes. A son, John Proffitt (1846-1925), amassed large landholdings and built a gin and other businesses. The developing community was named Proffitt. At its height it boasted homes, a post office, school, retail businesses, a Methodist church, and Baptist church.
     On July 17, 1867, three young men were killed in an Indian raid near this site. They were buried in a common grave on John Proffitt’s land about one mile south of town. Theirs was the first burial in the community graveyard which became known as Proffitt Cemetery.
     The cemetery contains both marked and unmarked graves of area pioneers. The numerous interments of infants and children illustrate the often harsh conditions of frontier life. The largest number of burials occurred in the years between 1910 and 1920, and include many victims of the World War I-era influenza epidemic. Also buried here are veterans of the Civil War, World War I, and World War II.
     Maintained by a cemetery association, this historic graveyard stands as a memorial to young county pioneers.

(Settlements & Settlers • Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Common Grave

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near Newcastle, Texas.
Three youths slain by Indians in an Elm Creek raid, July 17, 1867:

Rice Carlton, age 19; Reuben Johnson, born 1847, son of J. Allen Johnson; Patrick Euell Proffitt, born March 7, 1848, son of Robert S. Proffitt. John Proffitt, a brother, was donor of cemetery tract.

(Cemeteries & Burial Sites • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Indian Raid on Elm Creek, C.S.A.

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near Newcastle, Texas.
Indian troubles continually plagued the Texas frontier in the Civil War, with great loss in lives and property.
     One of the most serious raids occurred near here on Oct. 13, 1864, at Fitzpatrick Ranch. Comanches killed seven ranch people and five Confederate soldiers. Six women and children were kidnapped, 10,000 cattle were stolen.
     Brit Johnson, Negro slave who that day lost his whole family, later “joined” the Comanches, got their confidence, and freed his people. Later Indians punished him with mutilation and death.

(Native Americans • War, US Civil • Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

In Memory of Proffitt, Carlton, and Johnson

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near Newcastle, Texas.


In memory of
Patrick Euell Proffitt,
Rice Carlton & Rueben Johnson,
Three 19 year old boys killed
In one of the Elm Creek
Indian raids, July 17, 1867

(Wars, US Indian) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Rooms With a View

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Washington, District of Columbia.

This hill, with its sweeping views of Washington and the Potomac, has tantalized visionaries since the 1800s. But few of their plans have been built.

In 1873 businessman and city commissioner Thomas P. Morgan (whose name survives as part of Adams-Morgan) created Oak Lawn, a four-story, Second Empire mansion, where the upper edge of the Washington Hilton sits today. Oak Lawn honored the property's 400-year-old "Treaty Oak," said to be the site of treaty negotiations between English settlers and Native Americans. Over time the property appealed to George Washington University, the Grand Lodge of Masons, and even controversial modern architect Frank Lloyd Wright. But the university and the Masons couldn't raise needed funds, and Wright's elaborate scheme for "Crystal Heights" - 21 glass towers with apartments, hotel rooms, theater, restaurants, stores, 1,500 parking spaces, and roof-top gardens cascading down the hill - was rejected by city officials.

Morgan's house remained until 1952, when it was razed. The Treaty Oak was thoughtlessly cut down a year later. Finally, in 1965 the Washington Hilton opened here. It became a noted Washington venue for conventions, inaugural balls, and political speeches. On March 30, 1981, the entrance behind you was the location of John Hinckley, Jr.'s attempt to assassinate President Ronald Reagan.

To your right is the former site of Gunston Hall School, which educated young women here from 1906 until 1942. Margaret Truman, daughter of President Harry S. Truman, was a graduate.

Captions:
Oak Lawn mansion, built by Thomas Morgan, with the Treaty Oak at left.
The Historical Society of Washington, D.C.

Frank Lloyd Wright presents plans for Crystal Heights.

One of Gunston Hall School's four buildings.

Members of the Gunston Hall School Camera Club.

Reverse:
Caption:
Oak Lawn estate, cleared for development.
1955. Washington Division, D.C. Public Library.

The Adams Morgan story begins with its breezy hilltop location, prized by Native Americans, colonial settlers, freedom seekers, powerful Washingtonians, working people, and immigrants alike. Unlike most close-in neighborhoods, Adams Morgan has never been dominated by any of these groups. Today’s rich diversity is the legacy of each group that has passed through.

Follow the 18 signs of the Roads to Diversity: Adams Morgan Heritage Trail to discover the personalities and forces that shaped a community once known simply as “18th and Columbia.” Along the way, you’ll learn how school desegregation led to the name Adams Morgan, and you’ll meet presidents and paupers, natives and immigrants, artists, activists and authors.

Roads to Diversity: Adam Morgan Heritage Trail, a booklet capturing the trail's highlights, is available at local businesses. To learn about other DC neighborhoods, check out City Within a City: Greater U Street Heritage Trail, beginning at 16th and U streets, and visit: www.CulturalTourismDC.org

Roads to Diversity is dedicated to the memory of Carolyn Llorente (1937-2003).

List of contributors and producers

(Native Americans • Education • Man-Made Features • Architecture) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Connecticut Ave. from Lafayette Square to Ashmead Place

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Washington, District of Columbia.

was just a well-worn trail for many years, after L'Enfant made it a prominent diagonal in his 1792 plan. The route was known as "the road to Holmead's" because of the family-owned cemetery at this very location.

The mansion behind you at 1701 20th St. was built in 1890 by the prominent architectural firm, Hornblower and Marshall. One of dozens in the neighborhood built of pink sandstone and red brick, it is the only such building whose exterior color looks as it did in 1890. Thanks to sandblasting to remove the effects of auto exhaust, the building is not as dark as its peers.

Built in 1922, the group of shops across Connecticut Ave. (1700 block), was the first building north of Dupont Circle designed for commercial use. At 1614 20th St., a block south, stands an exuberant Romanesque Revival house built in 1891 (left).

The mural at 1736 Connecticut Ave. (below) was originally designed for the Q St./Dupont Circle Metro exit under the mayor's summer jobs program. It was projected onto the wall and painted using pigments that last more than 100 years.

Police Call Boxes such as this one (originally painted blue) were installed in the District after the Civil War. Officers on foot patrol used this secure telegraph system to contact the station, accessing the box with a now highly collectible "gold key." This system was used until the late 1970s when it was abandoned in favor of more modern communication methods.

Police Call Box text repeated along marker side.

Artist G. Byron Peck
G. Byron Peck, resident of DC, has used "The Fountain" in many of the 80 murals he has created in the United States and abroad. He teaches at DC museums and universities, and has won numerous awards.
Photo by Carol Galaty

(Industry & Commerce • Man-Made Features) Includes location, directions, 5 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Nuestra Señora de los Remedios

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St. Augustine, Florida.
On this site, the City Archaeology Program uncovered remains of the west wall of the late 16th century church, Los Remedios, which served as the parish church of St. Augustine from 1572 until 1702.

Burned by Francis Drake in 1586 and rebuilt, Los Remedios was a large wooden structure with a thatch roof and a richly appointed interior.

The church, with its cemetery, was located near the waterfront as specified by Spanish Royal Ordinances "so that it may be seen on leaving the sea, and in a place where its building may serve as a means of defense for the port itself." The cross on its gable was the highest landmark, intended as a beacon of faith and a safe harbor.

Together with the nearby guardhouse, government house, plaza and port landing, the church was the heart of the new settlement. It stood until its destruction by combined English and Native American forces led by Governor James Moore of Carolina in 1702 - after which Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, on today's St. George Street, became the parish church.

Archaeologists have discovered European and Native American Christian burials at the site of Los Remedios.

(Churches, Etc. • Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Orange Street School

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St. Augustine, Florida.
St. Augustine High and Grade School opened in October 1910, with an enrollment of more than 400 students in grades 1-12. The new public school, billed locally as "the finest in Florida," was the inspiration of W.S.M. Pinkham, Mayor of St. Augustine and Superintendent of Public Instruction of St. Johns County. The three-story eclectic revival style school was designed by Robinson & Reidy, Associate Architects, of Savannah and New York, and was constructed at a cost of $60,000. It featured a clay tile roof, carved rafter ends, an arched entranceway, stepped gables, hipped roof towers, and decorative tile work. The school's first floor basement contained lunch and recreation rooms and bicycle storage areas. The second and third floors housed 23 classrooms, a large auditorium, and a library. Two science labs were located on the small fourth floor. Theodore Culp, former principal of the DeLand Schools, was appointed as the school's first principal. The school's first graduating class in May 1911 included six students. When the school closed in December 1981, it was known as Orange Street Elementary School. Since 1983, the building has housed the St. Johns County School Board and District Administration offices.

(Education) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Clay Sink Cemetery, Baptist Church and School

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Clay Sink, Florida.
Harrison and Martha Ann McKinney Slaughter acquired 120 acres in this area from Jessie Sumner, May 20, 1862. The settlement that developed here was first called Slaughter after this pioneer family. Over time it became known as Clay Sink for the clay sinkhole that is in the area.

This cemetery was established on this hill of moss draped oaks in 1873 when the Slaughters buried their infant daughter here. Many of the early settlers and their descendants are buried here. It is now maintained in perpetuity by the Clay Sink Cemetery Association, Inc. On February 19, 1897 the Clay Sink Missionary Baptist Church was organized with twenty-one members with Elder G.A. Bryant, Moderator. In 1904, a wood frame building was erected on this site and served the congregation until the present pine building was constructed in 1956.

The one room Slaughter/Clay Sink school building was built in 1912 on Cobb Slough and moved in 1915 to this site that was donated by William Henry and Joanna Slaughter Boyett. It became the fellowship hall for the church in 1943 when the school closed due to consolidation. The teacher's raised platform remains a part of the structure.

The early settlers who were charter members of the church: Slaughters, Sumners, Boyetts, Sapps, Robbins, McKinneys, Hardins, Mobleys, Gays and Weeks. Descendants of these families still live in the area.

(Churches, Etc. • Education • Cemeteries & Burial Sites) Includes location, directions, 4 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Spring Lake Community Center

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Spring Lake, Florida.
This building was constructed by the Works Progress Administration (W.P.A.) in 1938. It was originally proposed to be a building that could be used as a polling place on election days and as a community recreation hall.

The School Board saw the project as an opportunity to rectify certain deficiencies of the Spring Lake School, constructed in 1919, which had no kitchen, lunchroom, or library. Thus it became an undertaking to serve the school as well as the community.

The building is constructed with rock mined from local quarries and timber harvested from local forests. The labor force was from the Spring Lake community. Through the years the building has served as the hub of the community, hosting several boy scout troops, a weekly quilting club, a monthly dinner group, and many social and civic events.

The property was listed in the National register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior on October 20, 2009.

(Notable Buildings) Includes location, directions, 2 photos, GPS coordinates, map.

Conway United Methodist Church/Brick Road

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Conway, Florida.
(side 1)
Conway United Methodist Church

The Conway Methodist Church was first organized in 1874 as the Prospect Methodist Episcopal Church South. Services were held monthly in a log cabin and led be a circuit rider. The building also served as the school and a gathering place for social activities in the community. The social life centered around a log structure of small dimensions built in 1875. The Morgan Mizell family deeded two acres at the southeast corner of Conway Road and Anderson Road for the church, parsonage, and cemetery. The original log cabin was located east of the structure that borders the intersection. On September 13, 1884, the name of the church was changed from Prospect to Conway and on January 7, 1885, the Conway circuit was created at the conference held in Gainesville. The circuit included Lake Howell, Pine Castle, Lake Irma, and Conway. Fifty two ministers served the church in the 65 years of its history to 1939 for periods of time varying from 3 months to 3 years. A clapboard structure replaced the log cabin in 1881 and stayed in service until 1960. Prayer meetings would be held at the neighbor's houses during the week, usually on Wednesday nights.

(side 2)
Brick Road

Conway Road was built in 1871 to connect Orlando with the tiny community. In the early 1880's. Mr. Frederick G. May lived on the east side of South Fern Creek Drive at Waterwitch. Everything was hauled in those days by oxen and horses. Mr. May started the first passenger and freight service between Conway, Lake Underhill and Orlando. Two times per week, this line carried private mail, cash commissions and 50 pound lumps of ice which sold for one cent per pound. Fare from Conway to Orlando was 25 cents or round trip 40 cents. In 1914, the entire seven-mile road was bricked and made nine feet wide. It was one of the first paved highways in Orange County running along what is now Briercliff Drive, Curry Ford Road, and Conway Road ending at Anderson Road.

(Churches, Etc. • Roads & Vehicles) Includes location, directions, 3 photos, GPS coordinates, map.
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